英語翻譯答案英語翻譯答案英語翻譯答案英語翻譯答案編制僅供參考審核批準生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:漢譯英1.廣場舞是社區中老年居民以健身、社交等為目的在廣場、公園等開敞的地方進行的健身操或舞蹈，通常以高分貝的音樂伴奏。廣場舞在中國大陸無論南北皆十分普遍。對于廣場舞的確切認識，社會學界及體育界目前均未達成共識。廣場舞的高分貝音樂常常造成噪音滋擾，因此許多居民反對在小區中跳廣場舞。Thesquaredancingisabodybuildingexerciseordanceperformedinwideandopenplacessuchassquaresandparksamongthemiddle-agedandoldresidentsincommunities,withthepurposeofbodybuilding,socializingandsoon,generallyaccompaniedwithhigh-pitchedmusic.ThesquaredancingisverypopularallovermainlandChina,whetherinthenorthorinthesouth.Neitherthesociologicalcirclenorthesportscirclehascurrentlyreachedaconsensusontheexactperceptionofthesquaredancing.Thehigh-pitchedmusicofthesquaredancingoftencausesnoisydisruption,andthereforemanyresidentsareopposedtothesquaredancingincommunities.2.故宮，又稱紫禁城，是明、清兩代的皇宮，二十四位皇帝在此生活起居和處理政務。它是世界現存最大、最完整的木質結構的古建筑群(architecturalcomplex)。宮殿墻壁的色調以紅色和黃色為主,紅色代表快樂、好運和財富，而黃色代表帝王的神圣和尊貴。近十幾年來，故宮平均每年接待中外游客600-800萬人次，隨著旅游業的繁榮，游客人數有增無減，可見人們對故宮的興趣長盛不衰。TheImperialPalace,alsoknownastheForbiddenCity,wasthepalaceinMingandQingDynastieswhere24emperorslivedandhandledgovernmentaffairs.Itisthelargestandmostcompleteexistingancientwoodenarchitecturalcomplexintheworld.Thepalacewallwaspaintedmainlyinredandyellow.Redrepresentshappiness,luckandfortunewhileyellowsymbolizesimperialholinessanddignity.Inrecentdecades,theImperialPalaceisvisitedannuallybysixtoeightmilliontouristsathomeandabroad.Moreover,withflourishingtourismindustry,thenumberoftouristskeepsincreasing.Itshowspeople’severlastingandunfadinginterestintheImperialPalace.3.《新聞聯播》是中國中央電視臺（CCTV）每日播出的一個新聞節目。節目每次播出時長一般為30分鐘。它被中國大陸大多數地方頻道同時轉播，這使得它成為世界上收看人數最多的節目之一。自從1978年1月1日首次播出以來，它就以客觀、生動、豐富的紀實手段記錄著中華大地每一天的變化。作為中國官方新聞資訊類節目，《新聞聯播》以沉穩、莊重的風格著稱。XinwenLianboisanewsprogrambroadcastbyChinaCentralTelevision(CCTV)everyday.Itgenerallytakes30minuteseverytimetobroadcasttheprogram.ItisrelayedsimultaneouslybymostlocaltelevisionchannelsinthemainlandofChina,whichmakesitoneoftheworld’smost-watchedprograms.SinceitwasfirstbroadcastonJanuary1st,1978,ithasbeenrecordingthechangesofeverydaythroughoutChinabydocumentarymeansthatisobjective,vividandrich.AstheChineseofficialnewsinformationprogram,XinwenLianboiswell-knownforitssteadyandseriousstyle.4.倡導低碳生活，提升公民節能減排意識是應對全球變暖的重要措施。低碳生活并非什么難事，只要人人都樹立綠色環保意識，堅持從我做起、從身邊小事做起，那么久一定能促成共享低碳生活。共享低碳生活，要讓綠色環保理念深入人心。要把綠色環?；顒尤谌牍ぷ魃畹姆椒矫婷?，要有針對性地開展低碳生活的知識培訓；要積極倡導志愿者活動，全面宣傳節能減排、環境保護等方面的知識，提高全社會的低碳環保意識。Advocatinglow-carbonlifestyleandpromotingcitizens'consciousnessofenergyconservationandemissionsreductionareimportantmeasuresagainstglobalwarming.Leadingalow-carbonlifeisnotdifficult.Onlyifeveryoneestablishestheconsciousnessofgreenenvironmentprotectionandkeepsstartingfromourselvestopayattentiontoeverythingarounduscanwemakelow-carbonlifeavailabletoall.Toachievethat,weshouldmaketheideasofgreenenvironmentalprotectionpopular.Weshouldintegrategreenenvironmentalprotectionactivitiesintoeveryaspectofworkandlife;weshouldcarryoutthetargetedknowledgetrainingoflow-carbonlifestyle;weshouldactivelyadvocatevolunteeractivities,comprehensivelypublicizetheknowledgeofenergyconservationandemissionsreduction,environmentalprotectionsoastoimprovethelow-carbonconsciousnessenvironmentalprotectionofthewholesociety.5.中國教育工作者早就認識到讀書對于國家的重要意義。有些教育工作者2003年就建議設立全民讀書日。他們強調，人們應當讀好書，尤其是經典著作。通過閱讀，人們能更好地學會感恩、有責任心和與人合作，而教育的目的正是要培養這些基本素質。閱讀對于中小學生尤為重要，假如他們沒有在這個關鍵時期培養閱讀的興趣，以后要養成閱讀的習慣就很難了。Chineseeducatorshavelongrealizedtheimportanceofreadingforthecountry.Asearlyas2003,someeducatorsproposedtosetupaNationalBookandCopyrightDay.Theyemphasizedthatpeopleshouldreadgoodbooks,especiallytheclassics.Throughreading,peoplecanbetterlearntobegrateful,responsibleandcooperative.Andtheseessentialqualitiesarejustwhateducationwantstocultivate.Readingisparticularlyimportantformiddleschoolstudents,iftheydonotdevelopaninterestinreadingduringthiscriticalperiod,itwillbedifficultforthemtogetintothehabitofreadinginthefuture。6.中國家庭一向尊老愛幼。在大家庭里（extendedfamily），老一輩人的意見受到尊重，小一輩的人得到全家的愛護。而隨著改革開放和經濟的發展，人口眾多的大家庭開始分解，出現了越來越多的核心家庭(nuclearfamily)。在城市里，不和家里老人一起住的年輕夫婦給老人生活費，并常去探望，幫他們干些家務活。在農村，盡管相當多的大家庭已經解體了，許多結了婚的兒子和他的家人還是和父母住在同一個院子里，這樣父母、子女可以互相幫助。IntheChinesefamily,theoldisusuallyrespectedandtheyoungisloved.Inanextendedfamily,theopinionsofoldpeoplearerespectedandtheyoungestmembersaretakengoodcareofbyallfamilymembers.Withthereformandopeningupandeconomicdevelopment,largeextendedfamiliesbegantodivideintomoreandmorenuclearfamilies.Incities,youngcoupleswhodonotlivetogetherwiththeiragedparentsgivetheirparentslivingexpensesandoftenvisitthemandhelpthemdosomehouseholdchores.Inthecountryside,althoughmanyextendedfamilieshavebrokenup,manymarriedsonsandtheirfamiliescontinuetoliveinthesamecourtyardwiththeirparents,whichmakesitconvenientforbothparentsandchildrentohelpeachother.II.

Vocabulary

1.

There

has

been

much

opposition

from

some

social

groups,

______

from

the

farming

community.

A.

straightforwardly

B.

notably

C.

virtually

D.

exceptionally

2.

The

______

view

in

Britain

and

other

Western

countries

associates

aging

with

decline,

dependency,

isolation,

and

often

poverty.

A.

predominant

B.

credulous

C.

inclusive

D.

sustainable

3.

But

gifts

such

as

these

cannot

be

awarded

to

everybody,

either

by

judges

or

by

the

most

___

of

governments.A.

tough

B.

demanding

C.

diverse

D.

benign

4.

The

foreman

read

the

______

of

guilty

fourteen

times,

one

for

each

defendant.

A.

prejudice

B.

verification

C.

verdict

D.

punishment

5.

They

fear

it

could

have

a(n)

______

effect

on

global

financial

markets.

A.

sizeable

B.

adverse(negative)

C.

beneficial

D.

consequential

6.

The

UN

threatened

to

______

economic

sanctions

if

the

talks

were

broken

off.

A.

engage

B.

pursue

C.

abandon

D.

invoke

7.

There

are

at

least

four

crucial

differences

between

the

new

______

and

the

old

government.

A.

regimeB.

hegemony

C.

complex

D.

federation

8.

These

questions

______

a

challenge

to

established

attitude

of

superiority

toward

the

outside

world.

A.

evolve

B.

constitute

C.

tolerate

D.

aroused

9.

Because

of

this,

a

strong

administrative

______

was

needed

to

plan

the

use

of

scarce

resources,

organize

production

and

regulate

distribution.

A.

apparatus

B.

constitution

C.

insistence

D.

promotion

10.

I

learnt

that

there

are

no

genuinely

______

animals

in

this

area,

all

the

animals

were

brought

here

from

other

places.

A.

endangered

B.

domesticated

C.

indigenous

D.

Extinctpoint

up

by

and

large

take

in

descent

for

good

or

ill

leave

aside

crystal

clear

die

out

endanger

lay...

at

the

door

of1.

The

book

concludes

with

a

review

of

the

possible

impact

(influence)

of

more

intimate

computers

for

good

or

ill,

in

various

areas

of

human

life.

2.

Moreover,

it

had

become

clear

from

the

opinion

polls

that

the

unpopularity

of

the

new

tax

was

being

laid

at

the

door

of

the

government

which

had

introduced

it,

rather

than

the

local

authorities

who

were

responsible

for

levying

and

collecting

it.

3.

This

case

gave

the

example

of

breaking

someone's

arm:

that

is

a

really

serious

injury,

but

one

which

is

unlikely

to

endanger

the

victim's

life.

4.

Many

of

those

who

hold

it

live

in

poor

areas

and

some

are

Colored,

that

is

./

namely),

of

mixed

European

and

African

descent.

5.

This

debate

is

important

because

it

points

up

(stress/

emphasize)

that

"the

facts"

are

not

necessarily

as

simple

and

straightforward

as

they

might

at

first

sight

seem.

6.

In

the

beginning,

the

meaning

of

life

might

be

debated,

but

once

past

the

first

period,

many

of

the

conversations

follow

a

well-worn

route

from

one

topic

to

the

next

and

back

again,

taking

in

most

of

human

life.

7.

But

since

agriculture

forms

the

basis

(base)

of

our

industry,

it

was,

by

and

large

(on

the

whole),

also

an

intensification

of

the

crisis

in

the

national

economy

in

general.

8.

Let

us

leave

aside

other

relevant

factors

such

as

education,

career

structure,

pay

and

conditions

of

service

and

concentrate

on

(focus

on)

manpower

management.(relate

A

to

B)

9.

It

is

true

that

the

exact

nature

of

this

issue

is

uncertain.

However,

one

thing

is

crystal

clear:

it

will

not

endanger

the

planet

and

its

inhabitants.

But

if

animal

populations

are

too

small,

then

they

simply

die

out.

II.

Translation

1.

1.

For

English

is

a

killer.

It

is

English

that

has

killed

off

Cumbric,

Cornish,

Norn

and

Manx.

There

are

still

parts

of

these

islands

where

sizeable

communities

speak

languages

that

were

there

before

English.

Yet

English

is

everywhere

in

everyday

use

and

understood

by

all

or

virtually

all,

constituting

such

a

threat

to

the

three

remaining

Celtic

languages,

Irish,

Scottish

Gaelic,

and

Welsh...

that

their

long-term

future

must

be

considered...

very

greatly

at

risk.

因為英語是個殺手。正是英語造成了康瑞克、康尼施、諾恩、曼科斯等語言的消亡。在其中一部分島上還有相當多的人使用在英語到來之前就已存在的語言。然而，英語在日常生活中無處不在。所有的人或幾乎所有的人都懂英語。英語對現存的凱爾特語——愛爾蘭語、蘇格蘭蓋爾語及威爾士語的威脅是如此之大，它們的未來岌岌可危。

.

He

also

associated

such

policies

with

a

prejudice

which

he

calls

linguisticism

(a

condition

parallel

to

racism

and

sexism).

As

Phillipson

sees

it,

leading

institutions

and

individuals

within

the

predominantly

"white"

English-speaking

world,

have

(by

design

or

default)

encouraged

or

at

least

tolerated—and

certainly

have

not

opposed—the

hegemonic

spread

of

English,

a

spread

which

began

some

three

centuries

ago

as

economic

and

colonial

expansion.

同時，他認為這些政策和他稱之為語言歧視（和種族歧視、性別歧視的情況類似）的偏見密切相關。在菲利普森看來，在以白人英語為主導的世界，最重要的機構和個人（有意或無意地）鼓勵或者至少是容忍了（肯定沒有反對）英語霸權主義式的傳播。這種傳播始于三個世紀之前的經濟及殖民擴張。

.

By

and

large,

we

now

view

them

as

more

or

less

benign,

and

often

talk

with

admiration

and

appreciation

about

the

cultures

associated

with

them

and

what

they

have

given

to

the

world.

And

it

is

fairly

safe

to

do

this,

because

none

of

them

now

poses

much

of

a

threat.

總的來說，我們現在或多或少地把這些語言看作有利的語言。在談到與之相關的文化及其為世界所做的貢獻時，我們常懷有崇敬與贊賞，而且這樣做也沒有太大的風險，因為這些語言現在已不會構成什么威脅。

.

Yet

many

people

see

English

as

a

blessing.

Let

me

leave

aside

here

the

obvious

advantages

possessed

by

any

world

language,

such

as

a

large

communicative

network,

a

strong

literary

and

media

complex,

and

a

powerful

cultural

and

educational

apparatus.

然而，許多人把英語看成是一件幸事。在此，我暫且不談任何世界語言所具有的明顯優勢，例如廣泛的通信網，強大的文化傳媒體系，及強有力的文化教育機構。

.

English-speaking

South

Africans

of

British

descent

were

not

particularly

strong

in

opposing

the

apartheid

regime,

and

the

black

opposition,

whose

members

had

many

languages,

was

at

first

weak

and

disorganized.

講英語的南非英國后裔并不強烈反對種族隔離政權，而黑人反對力量，其成員講多種語言，在初期軟弱無力且缺乏組織。

.

Such

symbolism

suggests

that

the

users

of

the

world's

lingua

franca

should

seek

to

benefit

as

fully

as

possible

from

the

blessing

and

as

far

as

possible

avoid

invoking

the

curse.

這一象征表明這種世界通用語的使用者應充分發掘這一幸事為我們帶來的好處,同時盡能避免招來災難。turnofeventsatApplehadnotchangedthatonebit.Ihadbeenrejected,butIwasstillinlove.蘋果公司發生的這些事情絲毫沒有改變這一點，一點兒也沒有。我被炒了魷魚，但是我仍然鐘愛我所做的事情。

.Theheavinessofbeingsuccessfulwasreplacedbythelightnessofbeingabeginneragain,lesssureabouteverything.Itfreedmetoenteroneofthemostcreativeperiodsofmylife.

因為，作為一個成功者的負重感被作為一個創業者的輕松感所重新代替，一切都還不確定。這讓我覺得如此自由，進入了我生命中最有創造力的一個階段。

.Itwasawfultastingmedicine,butIguessthepatientneededit.Sometimeslifehitsyouintheheadwithabrick.Don’tlosefaith.

良藥苦口，但是我想病人需要它。有時，生活會像一塊磚頭擊中你的腦袋，但不要失去信心。

.RememberingthatyouaregoingtodieisthebestwayIknowtoavoidthetrapofthinkingyouhavesomethingtolose.Youarealreadynaked.Thereisnoreasonnottofollowyourheart.

我知道，“記住你即將死去”是避免掉進患得患失陷阱的最佳辦法。你已經什么都沒有了,你根本沒有任何理由不去聽從自己的心聲。

.Yourtimeislimited,sodon’twasteitlivingsomeoneelse’slife.Don’tbetrappedbydogma—whichislivingwiththeresultsofotherpeople’sthinking.Don’tletthenoiseofothers’opinionsdrownoutyourowninnervoice.

你們的時間很有限，所以不要將它浪費在重復其他人的生活上。不要被教條所束縛，也就是說不要按照別人的想法來生活。不要讓他人喧囂的觀點淹沒了你的心聲.However,justasexceedingthespeedlimitwill,whentrafficpoliceareperformingproperly,leadtoaspeedingticket,sobeinginterviewedforanattractivecareer-entrypositionwill,whentheinterviewerknowswhattolookfor,leaddirectlyorindirectlytothequestion”whyshouldwehireyou”然而，正如如果一個警察正確執法，超速就要吃罰單一樣，面試一份吸引人的、進入某一行業的職位的時候，如果面試官清楚的知道他們要找什么，就會直接或間接地問這樣一個問題“我們為什么要雇用你”Forsomeonewishingtobeginanewcareer,theprospectsarestartingtolooknastyandbrutish,andtheimmediatepictureisdistinctlyshortofjobs,hours,andrewardsfornewemployees.對于那些想要開始新的職業生涯的人來說，前途開始變的險惡和殘酷，而直接的前景就是工作少，時間短，給新員工作的工資也減少。Otherstudentsmayfindtheiracademicworkdifficultanddemandingenoughwithoutaddingtheheadacheofanticipatingyetmoredemands.其他學生可能認為學業課程很難，要求很高，因此不想再費腦筋去預見那些更多的要求了。Ifyouareinaprogramwithavarietyofoptionalcourses,yourknowledgeofthejobmarket’sdemandswillhelpyoutomakemoreinformeddecisions.如果你的學習計劃包括許多不同的學科的課程，那么你要是了解了就業市場的需求，就能幫助你在獲得更多的信息的基礎上做出抉擇。Youmaydiscoverthatitisquiteeasytogaininsightintoyourfieldofinterestjustbysoundingoutyourteachers.只要你讓老師知道你的想法，你可能會非常容易地深入了解你感興趣的領域。

.MihalyCsikszentmihalyi,whocoinedthetermflow,whichadherentsofpositivepsychologywouldusetodescribethejob-inducedhighs,saysthatdistinctionisafalseone."Anythingcanbeenjoyableiftheelementsofflowarepresent,"hewritesinhisbookGoodBusiness."Withinthatframework,doingaseeminglyboringjobcanbeasourceofgreaterfulfillmentthanoneeverthoughtpossible."

米哈里·奇凱因特米哈里認為這種區分是錯誤的。他發明了“強感受”(flow)這個說法,信奉正面心理學的人常用此詞來描述由工作而引發的興奮狀態。在《稱心如意的工作》一書中他寫道:“只要存在強感受因素,任何事情都能給我們帶來愉悅。根據這一觀點,從事一份表面看上去枯燥的工作卻會給人們帶來想象不到的更大的成就感?！?/p>

.Butneitherthelate1990sboomnorthesubsequentbusthadmuchimpactineitherdirection,indicatingthatthestateofworkerhappinessgoesmuchdeeperthantheswingsoftheeconomy.

但是20世紀90年代后期的經濟繁榮和隨之而來的經濟蕭條都沒有對員工的兩種工作態度產生多大影啊,這表明工人在工作中是否能獲得快樂感有比經濟形勢更深層的原因。.MartinaRadix,41,tradedahigh-pressurejobasanexecutiveassistantatacompanywhereshelikedhercolleaguesforalesstaxingpositionasaclericalworkerinalawfirmsixyearsago.Shehasmoretimeandflexibilitybutfeelsstifledbyherco-workersandunappreciatedbyherboss."Iamamisfitinthatdepartment,"shesays."Nomatterhowgoodyourpersonallifeis,ifyougointoabadatmosphereatwork,ittakesawayfromit."

41歲的馬丁娜·蕾迪克斯原是一家公司的經理助理,雖然工作壓力大,但她和同事相處都很好;6年前她換了工作,到一家律師事務所成了一名職位相對清閑的辦事員。如今她時間多了,自由度也大了,但她感覺和這里的同事共事太壓抑,也得不到老板的賞識。她說:“我不適應這個部門。不管你個人生活多愜意,如果工作單位氛圍不好,個人生活就會大受影響?！?/p>

.Infact,engagementatworkislessafunctionofyourpersonalitythanishappinessingeneral.Harterestimatesthatindividualdispositionaccountsforonlyabout30%ofthedifferencebetweenemployeeswhoarehighlyengagedandthosewhoarenot.Therestofitisshapedbythehundredsofinteractionsthatemployeeshaveeverydaywithco-workers,supervisorsandcustomers.

事實上,對工作的投入與其說是人的個性使然,不如說是源于人們在工作中總體上感到的快樂。哈特認為,對工作高度投入與并不投入的員工之間之所以存在差異,員工的個性只起30%的作用,其他的取決于員工每天與同事、主管以及客戶的頻繁交往。

.Untilrecently,businesspeoplewoulddismissemployeewell-beingas"outsidetheirdomainandkindoffringe-ish”,saysThomasWright,aprofessoroforganizationalbehaviorattheUniversityofNevada,Reno.

內華達大學里諾分校的組織行為學教授托馬斯·賴特說,直到不久前,企業家們還不愿考慮員工是否工作心情舒暢的問題,認為這“不屬于他們關心的范圍,和他們的職責范圍相去甚遠”

.Butlaterstudiesthatlookedatjob-satisfactionratingswereinconsistent.Broadermeasuresofhappiness,itturnsout,arebetterpredictorsofproductivity.

但后來對工作滿意度的許多研究結果卻前后矛盾?，F在看來,用更廣泛的衡量標準來評估快樂感受,能更有效地預測生產率。

.Butattheveryleast,businessescoulddobetterjustbypayingattentiontowhattheiremployeeswantandneed.Thenmoreofuscouldfindameasureoffulfillmentinwhatwedo.Andonceinawhile,wemighthopetotranscenditall.Itcanhappenonthebasketballcourt,infrontofaroaringcrowd,orinaclassroom,infrontofjustonegratefulstudent.但通過關心員工的需求,至少企業可能發展得更好。那樣,我們更多的人就會在工作中找到一定程度的滿足感。而且偶爾我們可能還希望獲得最大程度的滿足。這種情況可能發生在籃球場上喧鬧歡呼的人群前,也可能發生在教室里,在僅僅一個充滿感激的學生面前。

surprise,Ithought,tossingtheballed-upclippingovermyshoulder.That'suptherewith"moneyeasesstress","liarsmakegoodwriters"and"philanderersmakeevenbetterliars".大驚喜,我以為,棉布將里頭的卷成球的剪裁在我的肩膀上,與“金錢減輕壓力”,“騙子好作家”和“花花公子做更好的騙子”。year,shesadlygotherwish,fartoosoon,livingjustoverhalfaslongasthewomanwhoboreher.去年,她不幸的是她的愿望,太很快,生活超過一半,只要生了她的女人。maincharacter,EnidLambert,suffersfromadepressionthatactsasakindofinvisibleforcefield,unconsciouslyrepellingeveryoneawayfromherfragilecore.Enidcomplainsandsulks,manipulatesandcajoles,inordertoassuageherfundamentaldissatisfaction.

他的主要人物,伊妮德蘭伯特,患上了抑郁癥,作為一種無形的力場,無意識地排斥每個人都遠離她脆弱的核心。伊妮德抱怨和摔東西、操縱和勸誘,為了減輕她基本的不滿。remainsintactbecauseherdepressionprotectsherfromevertrulysuffering,thewaythosearoundhermust.Whatdoesn'tkillyou,itseems,movesontomorestubbornquarry.她仍保持完整,因為抑郁癥保護真正的痛苦,她周圍的人必須的方式。什么不殺了你,看來