書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京戲曲藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.翻譯題

我們的大多數(shù)感覺都是被動式的。以聽覺和視覺為例，我們只是簡單地接受和分析聲音或光線。然而，觸覺則有所不同：我們用雙手主動地去探索和改變現(xiàn)實，因此我們在采集信息時的活動同樣也可以改變世界…例如用一塊粘土塑?；虬磩幽硞€按鈕。在提供人與人之間的直接接觸中，觸覺傳遞情感沖擊；在提供人與世界的直接接觸中，觸覺成為現(xiàn)實的確切標(biāo)志，正如：“掐我一下我是在做夢嗎？”

【答案】Mostoursensesarepassive.Takinghearingandvisionasanexample,weonlysimplyreceiveandanalyzethesoundandlight.Touch,however,isdifferent.Weexploreandchangerealitywithourhandsvoluntarilyandthereforewecanalsochangetheworldwhilecollectinginformation,suchasmakingamodelwithclayorpressingabutton.Asameansofdirectcontactbetweenpeople,touchtransmitsemotionaleffect;inthedirectcontactbetweenmanandtheworld,touchbecomesasignofreality,suchas“pleasepinchme,amIdreaming?”

2.填空題

Directions:Inthispartyouwillreadapassageandasummaryofit.Thenfillinthespacesinthesummarywithamaximumofthreewordsfromthepassage.WriteyouranswersOntheAnswerSheet.

ToughSensorCanTaketheHeatAnewgassensormadefromanickel’sworthofmaterialscanendurehightemperatures,corrosion,vibrations,andexposuretowater,accordingtoitsinventorsatArgonneNationalLaboratoryinIllinois.Thetinysensordetectsavarietyofgases.

Conventionalsiliconsensorsdonotworkwellattemperaturesabove150°F.ButArgonne’snewsensor,madeofceramicsandmetals,isnotaffectedbyhightemperatures.“Thematerialsinthissensorbehavewellthroughawiderangeoftemperatures.”saysMichaelVogt,acontrolsystemsengineeratArgonne.

Vogtandhiscolleaguesmadethesensorbyfilm-screeninglayersofceramicandmetalonaceramicsubstrate—thenfiringthesensorinanindustrialovenatmorethanl000°C.TheArgonneresearcherssetouttobuildasensorthatwoulddetectoverheatingcomputercomponents.Beforeanoverheatingcomponentfails,andpossiblyignites,epoxyinthecircuitboardsreleasesagas.TheArgonnesensorcandetectthisvaporandcutoffpowertothecircuit.

Thedevicesensesgasesbyapplyingasteadilyincreasingvoltageacrossitselectricalleadsandmonitoringcurrentspikesinducedasgasesreactonthesensor’ssurface.Eachgasreactsatacharacteristicvoltage,andthesizeofthecurrentspikeindicatesthe“signature”ofseveralrepresentativeorganicsolvents.

Thesensorcouldbeusedtomonitorhydrocarbonemissionsfromcars;today’stypicalsensorsonlymeasureoxygen.Thesensorcouldalsomonitorgasesinindustrialchemicalprocesses.

Summaryofthepassage:

Anewsensormadeofceramicsandmetalscanendurecorrosion,vibrations,exposuretowater,and66__,whilenotaffectedby67__.Aseachgasreactsata68__,thedeviceappliesasteadilyincreasingvoltageandmonitorscurrentspikesinduced.69ofwhichindicatestheconcentrationofthegases.Conventionalsensorsontheotherhand,donotworkwellattemperaturesabove150°Fandcouldbeusedonlyto70__.

【答案】66.detectgases

67.hightemperatures

68.characteristicvoltage

69.the“signature”

70.measureoxygen

【解析】66.文章開篇描述了Anewgassensormadefromanickel’sworthofmaterialscanendurehightemperatures,corrosion,vibrations,andexposuretowater...Thetinysensordetectsavarietyofgases.（一種由鎳含量的材料制成的新型氣體傳感器可以經(jīng)受高溫、腐蝕、振動和暴露在水里……這個微小的傳感器能探測到各種氣體），其他幾個在摘要提到了，所以這里需要寫的是偵察氣體。因此填detectgases。

67.文章開篇描述了Anewgassensormadefromanickel'sworthofmaterialscanendurehightemperatures,corrosion,vibrations,andexposuretowater...Thetinysensordetectsavarietyofgases.（一種由鎳含量的材料制成的新型氣體傳感器可以經(jīng)受高溫、腐蝕、振動和暴露在水里……這個微小的傳感器能探測到各種氣體），上一空已經(jīng)提到了偵察氣體，所以這一空應(yīng)該填入抗高溫，因為前面有否定詞not，所以空格處填入hightemperatures。

68.根據(jù)第四段第二句話提到Eachgasreactsatacharacteristicvoltage（每種氣體在一個特征電壓下反應(yīng)）可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入characteristicvoltage。

69.根據(jù)第四段第二句話提到Eachgasreactsatacharacteristicvoltage,andthesizeofthecurrentspikeindicatesthe“signature”ofseveralrepresentativeorganicsolvents.（每種氣體在一個特征電壓下反應(yīng)，而脈沖的大小表明了幾種代表性有機(jī)溶劑的“特征”）可知，脈沖的不同特征暗示了不同氣體，所以空格處應(yīng)該填入the“signature”。

70.根據(jù)最后一段第一句today’stypicalsensorsonlymeasureoxygen（今天的典型傳感器只測量氧氣）可知，傳統(tǒng)的傳感器在150°F以上的溫度下不能很好地工作，只能用于測量氧氣；所以空格處應(yīng)該填入measureoxygen。

3.單選題

Writingisaslowprocess,requiring（

）thought,time,andeffort.

問題1選項

A.significant

B.enormous

C.considerable

D.numerous

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。significant“有重大意義的，顯著的”;enormous“巨大的,龐大的”；considerable“相當(dāng)多（或大、重要等）的”；numerous“眾多的，許多的”一般用來修飾可數(shù)名詞。句意：寫作是一個緩慢的過程，需要大量的思考、時間和努力。根據(jù)題干中的“thought,time,andeffort”可知C項符合題意。因此答案選C。

4.單選題

Thepolicemenareperambulatingthestreets.

問題1選項

A.percolate

B.permute

C.perjure

D.patrol

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.percolate滲出，過濾B.permute改變次序，重新排列

C.perjure作偽證，破壞誓言D.patrol巡邏，巡查

【答案】D

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞policemen（警察）和streets（街道）可推測，劃線單詞perambulating的意思是“巡邏”。因此，D選項含義與劃線部分詞義最為接近，故本題正確答案為D選項。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C項與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】警察在街上巡視。

5.單選題

Iabsolutelyopposethe（

）thatprivatization（私有化）isnowinevitableinourindustry.

問題1選項

A.notice

B.notion

C.impression

D.conscience

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。notice通知；notion概念，見解；impression印象；conscience道德心，良心。

句意：我完全反對認(rèn)為私有化在我們這個行業(yè)是不可避免的這種見解。選項B符合句意。

6.單選題

Thefirstpriorityisto（）agoodreferencebooktoidentifythepestandchoosethemosteffectivecontrol.

問題1選項

A.concede

B.concise

C.consent

D.consult

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。concedev.“承認(rèn)；退讓”；concise“簡明的；簡潔的”；consent“同意；贊成”；consult“査閱；商量”。由空后的agoodreferencebook“一本好的參考書”可知D項正確。consultareferencebook查閱參考書。句意：首要任務(wù)就是查閱好的參考書來確定害蟲并選擇最有效的控制方法。

7.單選題

TheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilestablishedtheICTRin1995totrytheallegedperpetratorsofthe1994（

）inRwandathatclaimedthelivesofmorethan800,000people.

問題1選項

A.genocide

B.immigration

C.discrimination

D.election

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。genocide“種族滅絕，種族屠殺”；immigration“移民”；discrimination“歧視，區(qū)別”；election“選舉；當(dāng)選”。句意：聯(lián)合國安理會于1995年建立了盧旺達(dá)國際刑事法庭，來審判1994年導(dǎo)致八十多萬人死亡的盧旺達(dá)大屠殺中被指控的兇手。選項A符合題意。

8.單選題

Theearliestcontroversiesabouttherelationshipbetweenphotographyandartcenteredonwhetherphotograph’sfidelitytoappearancesanddependenceonamachineallowedittobeafineartasdistinctfrommerelyapracticalart.Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywasidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality,photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.

Ironically,nowthatphotographyissecurelyestablishedasafineart,manyphotographersfinditpretentiousorirrelevanttolabelitassuch.Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves—anythingbutmakingworksofart.Theyarenolongerwillingtodebatewhetherphotographyisorisnotafineart,excepttoproclaimthattheirownworkisnotinvolvedwithart.ItshowstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.

Photographers’disclaimersofanyinterestinmakingarttellusmoreabouttheharriedstatusofthecontemporarynotionofartthanaboutwhetherphotographyisorisnotart.Forexample,thosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.Muchofphotography’sprestigetodayderivesfromtheconvergenceofitsaimswiththoseofrecentart,particularlywiththedismissalofabstractartimplicitinthephenomenonofPoppaintingduringthe1960’s.Appreciatingphotographsisarelieftosensibilitiestiredofthementalexertionsdemandedbyabstractart.ClassicalModernistpainting—thatis,abstractartasdevelopedindifferentwaysbyPicasso,Kandinsky,andMatisse—presupposeshighlydevelopedskillsoflookingandafamiliaritywithotherpaintingsandthehistoryofart.Photography,likePoppainting,reassuresviewersthatartisnothard;photographyseemstobemoreaboutitssubjectsthanaboutart.

Photography,however,hasdevelopedalltheanxietiesandself-consciousnessofaclassicModernistart.Manyprofessionalsprivatelyhavebeguntoworrythatthepromotionofphotographyasanactivitysubversiveofthetraditionalpretensionsofarthasgonesofarthatthepublicwillforgetthatphotographyisadistinctiveandexaltedactivity—inshort,anart.

47.Whatistheauthormainlyconcernedwith?Theauthorisconcernedwith______.

48.Whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribes“theconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism”astheauthorrepresentsitinparagraph2?

49.WhydoestheauthorintroduceAbstractExpressionistpainter?

50.Howdidthenineteenth-centurydefendersofphotographystressthephotography?

問題1選項

A.definingtheModernistattitudetowardart

B.explaininghowphotographyemergedasafineart

C.explainingtheattitudeofseriouscontemporaryphotographerstowardphotographyasartandplacingthoseattitudesintheirhistoricalcontext

D.definingthevariousapproachesthatseriouscontemporaryphotographerstaketowardtheirartandassessingthevalueofeachofthoseapproaches

問題2選項

A.Objective

B.Mechanical

C.Superficial

D.Paradoxical

問題3選項

A.Hewantstoprovideanexampleofartistswho,likeseriouscontemporaryphotographers,disavowedtraditionallyacceptedaimsofmodernart.

B.HewantstosetforthananalogybetweentheAbstractExpressionistpaintersandclassicalModernistpainters.

C.HewantstoprovideacontrasttoPopartistandothers.

D.Hewantstoprovideanexplanationofwhyseriousphotography,likeothercontemporaryvisualforms,isnotandshouldnotpretendtobeanart.

問題4選項

A.Theystressedphotographywasameansofmakingpeoplehappy.

B.Itwasartforrecordingtheworld.

C.Itwasadeviceforobservingtheworldimpartially.

D.Itwasanartcomparabletopainting.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】47.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“作者主要關(guān)注的是……”。文章一開始講述了19世紀(jì)攝影家為確立攝影是藝術(shù)而提出的種種依據(jù)，并把繪畫和攝影作比較，來反駁否定攝影的論點，第二段和第三段闡述了即使攝影被確立為一門藝術(shù)，當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅的攝影師仍然聲稱自己絕不是創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)作品，接著作者用抽象表現(xiàn)主義繪畫和古典現(xiàn)代主義繪畫進(jìn)行舉例，證明攝影更多的是關(guān)注自身的主題而非藝術(shù)，最后總結(jié)攝影宣傳會使公眾忘記攝影是一種藝術(shù)。綜上所知，文章中的作者主要關(guān)注的是當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅的攝影師對藝術(shù)的態(tài)度，所以C項“解釋當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅的攝影師對攝影藝術(shù)的態(tài)度，并將這些態(tài)度放在他們的歷史背景中”符合題意。A項“定義現(xiàn)代主義對藝術(shù)的態(tài)度”、B項“解釋攝影是如何成為一門藝術(shù)的”和D項“定義當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅的攝影師對他們的藝術(shù)采取的各種方法，并評估這些方法的價值”都只是部分提及。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

48.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】作者態(tài)度題。題干意思是“下面哪個形容詞最好地描述了作者在第2段中描述的‘現(xiàn)代主義的勝利所強(qiáng)加的藝術(shù)概念’？”。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段最后一句話ItshowstheextenttowhichtheysimplytakeforgrantedtheconceptofartimposedbythetriumphofModernism:thebettertheart,themoresubversiveitisofthetraditionalaimsofart.（這說明他們就是把現(xiàn)代主義勝利所強(qiáng)加的藝術(shù)概念視為合理的，其合理程度是：藝術(shù)越強(qiáng)，對藝術(shù)的傳統(tǒng)目的破壞得越大。），結(jié)合第二段倒數(shù)第三句有提到Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves—anythingbutmakingworksofart.（嚴(yán)肅的攝影師都聲稱自己在尋找、記錄、公正地觀察、見證事件、探索自我，但絕不是創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)作品。）可知，嚴(yán)肅的攝影師雖然聲稱自己不是在創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)作品，但是他們卻把現(xiàn)代主義勝利強(qiáng)加的藝術(shù)概念視為合理的，可推理這是一種矛盾的現(xiàn)象，所以D項“矛盾的”正確。A項“客觀的”、B項“機(jī)械的，呆板的”和C項“膚淺的”都不正確。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

49.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者為什么要介紹抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家？”。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息定位到第三段第二句Forexample,thosephotographerswhosupposethat,bytakingpictures,theyaregettingawayfromthepretensionsofartasexemplifiedbypaintingremindusofthoseAbstractExpressionistpainterswhoimaginedtheyweregettingawayfromtheintellectualausterityofclassicalModernistpaintingbyconcentratingonthephysicalactofpainting.（例如，這些認(rèn)為通過拍照可以擺脫繪畫所表現(xiàn)的藝術(shù)的矯飾的攝影家，使我們想起了那些抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家，他們想象著通過專注于繪畫的物理行為來擺脫古典現(xiàn)代主義繪畫的嚴(yán)肅思想），結(jié)合第二段提到的Seriousphotographersvariouslyclaimtobefinding,recording,impartiallyobserving,witnessingevents,exploringthemselves—anythingbutmakingworksofart.（嚴(yán)肅的攝影師都聲稱自己在尋找、記錄、公正地觀察、見證事件、探索自我，但絕不是創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)作品。）推斷，作者在第三段介紹抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家的例子，是要舉例說明這些畫家也如同當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅的攝影家一樣，擺脫了傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)目的，故A項“他要列舉這樣藝術(shù)家的例子，他們像當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅的攝影家一樣拋棄了傳統(tǒng)上被接受的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)目的”正確。B項“他想在抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家和古典現(xiàn)代主義畫家之間找出相似點”不符合原文。C項“他要在流行藝術(shù)家和其它藝術(shù)家之間作一個對比”，文中在此處介紹抽象表現(xiàn)主義畫家是想和當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅的攝影家進(jìn)行類比，而不是流行藝術(shù)家和其他藝術(shù)家的對比，所以C項不選。D項“他想解釋為什么嚴(yán)肅攝影，像其它當(dāng)代視覺形式一樣不是藝術(shù)，而且也不應(yīng)當(dāng)充作藝術(shù)”，文中沒有提到其他當(dāng)代視覺藝術(shù)形式不是藝術(shù)。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

50.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“19世紀(jì)的攝影捍衛(wèi)者是如何強(qiáng)調(diào)攝影的？”。第一段最后兩句提到Throughoutthenineteenthcentury,thedefenseofphotographywasidenticalwiththestruggletoestablishitasafineart.Againstthechargethatphotographywasasoulless,mechanicalcopyingofreality,photographersassertedthatitwasinsteadaprivilegedwayofseeing,arevoltagainstcommonplacevision,andnolessworthyanartthanpainting.（整個十九世紀(jì)，對攝影的捍衛(wèi)與將其確立為一門藝術(shù)的斗爭是一致的。有人指責(zé)攝影是一種沒有靈魂的和對現(xiàn)實機(jī)械性的復(fù)制，攝影工作者卻聲稱攝影不是復(fù)制品，而是一種特殊的觀察方式，是對平庸視覺的叛逆，和繪畫一樣有藝術(shù)價值。），由此可推知，19世紀(jì)的攝影捍衛(wèi)者認(rèn)為攝影和繪畫一樣具有藝術(shù)價值，它是一種藝術(shù)，所以D項“這是一種可與繪畫相媲美的藝術(shù)”正確。A項“他們強(qiáng)調(diào)攝影是一種讓人快樂的方式”沒有提到。B項“它是記錄世界的藝術(shù)”和C項“這是一種公正地觀察世界的裝置”是當(dāng)代嚴(yán)肅的攝影師對自己工作的聲稱，并不是攝影捍衛(wèi)者強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

9.單選題

Yourstayabroadwillgiveyou（）opportunitiestolearnanewforeignlanguage.

問題1選項

A.ample

B.sample

C.vertical

D.empirical

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項ample“豐富的，足夠的”；B選項sample“試樣的”；C選項vertical“垂直的”；D選項empirical“經(jīng)驗主義的”。句意：你待在國外將給你提供……機(jī)會學(xué)習(xí)新語言。學(xué)習(xí)一門語言最快的方式就是融入一個純語言的環(huán)境。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息stayabroad“待在國外”和后面的tolearnanewforeignlanguage“學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言”，在國外待著意為著會有更多的機(jī)會進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)語言。因此A選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Theanalysissuggeststhatthetradeoffbetweenourchildrencollegeandourownretirementsecurityischilling.

問題1選項

A.frightening

B.promising

C.freezing

D.revealing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項“令人恐懼的”；B選項“有希望的，有前途的”；C選項“冰點以下的，結(jié)冰的”；D選項“揭露真情的，有啟迪作用的”；題干中chilling“令人恐懼的”，句意：分析表明，在孩子上大學(xué)和我們自己的退休保障之間的權(quán)衡令人不寒而栗。因此A選項符合題意。

11.單選題

Thepolicemenwentintoaction（

）theyheardthealarm.

問題1選項

A.promptly

B.directly

C.quickly

D.presently

【答案】B

【解析】句意:警察一聽到警報就馬上行動了起來。

語法題?？疾檫B詞。分析題干可知,此處需填入連詞連接前后句子。只有B項directly能夠作連詞，表示“一…就…”。

12.單選題

Packedlikesardinesintosweaty,claustrophobicsubwaycarriages,passengerscanbarelybreathe,________moveaboutfreely.

問題1選項

A.aswellas

B.disregardfor

C.letalone

D.notmentioning

【答案】C

【解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。aswellas“也”；disregardfor“忽視”；letalone“更不必說，聽任”；notmentioning“沒有提及”。句意：乘客們像沙丁魚一樣擠在充滿汗臭、幽閉恐怖的地鐵車廂里，幾乎無法呼吸，更無法自由活動。因此C選項符合題意。

13.單選題

Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhytheyarealwayscominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhaveaflairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround."It'siniquitous,"theysay,"thatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoestoshowhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon'ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it'stheconsumerwhopays.."

Thepooroldconsumer!He'dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn'tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashing-machine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,ere,fromanadvertisement

Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenare,too!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements,wouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybye-lawwhilewaitingforatrain?Wouldyouliketoreadonlyclosely-printedcolumnsofthenewsinyourdailypaper?Acheerfulwilyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities.

Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,commercialsradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaper,orcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice.

Anotherthingwemustn'tforgetisthe"smallads",whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstance,youcanfindajob,buyorsellahouse,announceabirth,marriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe"hatchmatchanddispatch"columns;butbyFarthemostfascinatingsectionis!hepersonalor"agony"columns.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It'sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!

1.Advertisersshouldstopadvertisingandreducepriceofgoodsbecause（）.

2.Thepurposeofadvertisingisto（）.

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

4.Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe（）.

5.Regardingadvertisements,wecanconcludethatthetoneoftheauthorofthispassageseemstobe（）.

6.Theword"they"inline3ofparagraph3,refersto（）.

7.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthorseemstosuggestthat（）.

問題1選項

A.criticsresentthem

B.theyhavesomuchtothrowaround

C.theconsumerpaysforallthecosts

D.advertiserscomeinforcriticisms

問題2選項

A.informthatconsumergoodsarecheap

B.inform

C.provideagreatdealofknowledge

D.bothsellgoodsandinform

問題3選項

A.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.

B.Everythinghastwosides.

C.Wastenot,wantnot.

D.it'snousecryingeverspiltmilk.

問題4選項

A.AdvertisersPerformaUsefulServicetotheCommunity

B.EntirelyUnproductiveIndustry

C.ThinkBig

D.GoodQualityProductsDon'tNeedtoBeAdvertised

問題5選項

A.critical

B.positive

C.negative

D.neutral

問題6選項

A.lotsofpeople

B.thesedays

C.advertisements

D.“they”inthefirstsentence

問題7選項

A.advertisementsareeverywhere

B.advertisementsarealotoffun

C.advertisementsareunnecessarilycostly

D.advertisementsmakeproductscheaper

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Whydon'ttheystopadvertisingandreducethepriceoftheirgoods?Afterall,it'stheconsumerwhopays..”可知,選項C符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的四五句“Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.”可知,廣告除了推銷產(chǎn)品,還有提供信息的功能,所以選項D正確。

3.選項A“上帝幫助自助之人”；選項B“每一樣事物都有兩個方面”；選項C“不浪費,不匱乏”；選項D“覆水難收”。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.”前兩段作者描述了廣告對消費者的負(fù)面影響,最后兩段又講述了廣告的積極影響,所以選項B最為恰當(dāng)。

4.作者在文章前兩段講述了廣告對消費者的負(fù)面影響,但又提到廣告可以提供信息等其他積極作用。這是先抑后揚的寫作手法,目的是為了突出后面的積極作用,所以選項A正確。

5.根據(jù)最后一段末句“It'sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!”可以看出,作者的態(tài)度是積極的,選項B正確。

6.根據(jù)原文,“they”很有趣,接下來列舉了一下例子,由此可推測,這里的“they”指的是廣告,選項C正確。

7.根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句,報紙上沒有任何其他文章能提供如此有趣的閱讀,或提供對人性如此深刻的洞察。這是最好的廣告!由此可知,作者主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是廣告的有趣性,所以選項B正確。

14.單選題

Ididn’tcalltomakemyairlinereservation,butI（）.

問題1選項

A.shouldhave

B.mayhave

C.musthave

D.shallhave

【答案】A

【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。A選項shouldhave“本該做卻沒有做”；B選項mayhave通常接過去分詞，用于虛擬語氣，表示“過去可能”；C選項musthavedone表示對過去的肯定的邏輯推測，推定某件事情、動作或狀態(tài)可能在過去發(fā)生過（存在過），如果musthavedone與bynow連用，還可以表示對現(xiàn)在完成的動作和狀態(tài)的肯定推測，但實質(zhì)上還是指所推測的過去的動作；D選項shallhavedone通常用來表示將來完成時。句意：我沒有打電話訂機(jī)票，但我應(yīng)該打電話訂的。因此A選項正確。

15.單選題

LikemostotherAmericancompanieswitharigid（）,workersandmanagershavestrictlydefinedduties.

問題1選項

A.vitality

B.jurisdiction

C.hierarchy

D.bureaucracy

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。vitality生機(jī)，活力；jurisdiction司法權(quán)，管轄權(quán)；hierarchy層次，層級，等級制度；bureaucracy官僚主義。句意：和大多數(shù)等級森嚴(yán)的美國公司一樣，工人和經(jīng)理們也有嚴(yán)格定義的職責(zé)。選項C符合句意。

16.單選題

Itwasthetrainingthathehadasayoungman______madehimsuchagoodengineer.

問題1選項

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.who

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。該句的第一個that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，做hehad的賓語，因此空格處應(yīng)填that從而構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+that/who（當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人）+其他部分。該句強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是物，因此用that。句意：正是他年輕時所受的訓(xùn)練使他成為如此優(yōu)秀的工程師。因此C選項正確。

17.單選題

Inthe（）ofthisearthquake,manynationalandinternationalcommunitiesofferedhelpandassistance.

問題1選項

A.sense

B.hope

C.case

D.wake

【答案】D

【解析】句意:隨著這個地震而來的是很多國家和國際團(tuán)體主動提供幫助。

考查短語辨析。Inthesenseof從…意義上說;inthehopeof懷著…的希望;inthecaseof至于,在…的情況下;inthewakeof緊緊跟隨,隨著…而來。因此D符合句意。

18.單選題

She（

）fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherattheconference.

問題1選項

A.mustbe

B.hadbeen

C.couldbe

D.musthavebeen

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我第一次在會議上遇見她吋，她可能50歲左右。

語法題?！癿usthavebeen”表示對過去事實的肯定推測。由句中關(guān)鍵詞“fiftyorso50歲左右”與“whenIfirstmetherattheconference”可知這里表示對己發(fā)生的過去情況的一種推測，故選D。

19.單選題

Thefirstthingpeoplerememberaboutfailingatmathisthatitfeltlikesuddendeath.Whethertheincidentoccurredwhilelearning“wordproblems”insixgrade,orcopingwithequationsinhighschool,orfirstconfrontingcalculusandstatisticsincollege,failurecamesuddenlyandinaveryfrighteningway!Ifassumethatthecurriculumwasreasonable,andthatthenewideawasbutnextinaseriesoflearnableconcepts,thefeelingofutterdefeatwassimplynotrational;yet“mathanxious”collegestudentsandadultshaverevealedthatnomatterhowmuchtheteacherreassuredthem,theycouldnotovercomethatfeeling.

Acommonmythaboutthenatureofmathematicalabilityholdsthatoneeitherhasordoesnothaveamathematicalmind.Mathematicalimaginationandanintuitivegraspofmathematicalprinciplesmaywellbeneededtodoadvancedresearch,butwhyshouldpeoplewhocandocollege-levelworkinothersubjectsnotbeabletodocollege-levelmathaswell?Ratesoflearningmayvary.Competencyundertimepressuremaydiffer.Certainlylowself-esteemwillgetintheway.Butwhereistheevidencethatastudentneedsa“mathematicalmind”inordertosucceedatlearningmath?

Considertheeffectsofthismythology.Sinceonlyafewpeoplearesupposedtohavethismathematicalmind,partofwhatmakesussopassiveinthefaceofourdifficultiesinlearningmathematicsisthatwesuspectallthewhilewemaynotbeoneof“them”,andwespendourtimewaitingtofindoutwhenournon-mathematicalmindswillbeexposed.Sinceourlimitwilleventuallybereached,weseenopointinbeingmethodicalofinattendingtodetail.Wearegratefulwhenwesurvivefractions-wordproblemsorgeometry.Ifthatcertainmomentoffailurehasn’tstruckyet,itisonlytemporarilypostponed.

Parents,especiallyparentsofgirls,oftenexpecttheirchildrentobenon-mathematical.Parentsareeitherpooratmathortheyfailedthemselves.Ineithercase,theyunwillinglyfostertheideathatamathematicalmindissomethingoneeitherhasordoesnothave.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whoarelikelytoexperiencemathanxiety?

2.Howwould“mathanxious”studentsprobablyreacttotheirfailureatmath?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabout“mathanxious”students?

4.Theauthorbelievesthat（

）.

5.Thepassagecouldbestbeentitledby（

）.

問題1選項

A.Primaryschoolstudents.

B.Highschoolstudents.

C.Collegestudents.

D.Alloftheabove.

問題2選項

A.Slowdowntheirlessons.

B.Askmorequestionsthannecessar