全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程第二版1單詞UNIT2DetailedReadingUNIT2TEXTAbelostin/loseoneselfin:beabsorbedin;befullyoccupiedwith-Hewaslostinplayingcomputergamessohewasunawareofmyenteringtheroom.-Ihadlostmyselfinthought.-他忙于這項工作而對周圍的一切都很漠然。(Hewaslosttotheworldinthistask.)available:adj.1.abletobegot,obtained,used,etc.-Ifyoudon’twanttobuyakite,youcanmakeyourownusingdirectionsavailableinthebook.-Wehavealreadyusedupalltheavailablespace.-對不起,這種外套沒有你要的顏色和尺碼。(I’msorry.Thoseovercoatsarenotavailableinyourcolorandsize.)2.abletobevisitedorseen;nottoobusy-律師現(xiàn)在沒空。(Thelawyerisnotavailablenow.)orsomething:usedwhenyouarenotverysureaboutwhatyouhavejustsaid-Theairfarewasahundredandninety-ninepoundsorsomething.-Here’ssomemoney.Getyourselfasandwichorsomething.NB:同義的短語：orsomethinglikethatgoahead:continue;begin(sometimesfollowedbywith+n.)-Theboardofdirectorswillvotetodayonwhethertogoaheadwiththeplan.-Henrywillbelatebutwewillgoaheadwiththemeetinganyway.estimate:1.vt.formajudgmentabout(aquantityorvalue)-Bill’spersonalricheswereestimatedat$368million.-Iestimatethatthetotalcostforthetreatmentofthediseasewillgofrom$5,000to$8,000.-我估計她有35歲。(Iestimateherageat35.)2.n.approximatecalculationorjudgmentmadeaboutaquantityorvalue-Accordingtosomeestimates,thenumberoffarmshasincreasedby50percent.-Myestimateofhercharacterwaswrong.CF:estimate,evaluate&value這組詞都有“估計〞或“估價〞的意思。estimate指先于實際的測量、計算或測試而作的某種估計或估價，可以是經(jīng)過仔細考慮，也可以是隨意的。-Heestimatedhewoulddothehundredmilesbynoon.(他估計自已到中午時能走完這一百英里路。)-Iaskedthreebuildingfirmstoestimatefortherepairstothehouse.(我請三個建筑公司估計修繕房屋的費用。)evaluate很少表示用金錢來估計某物的市場價值，而是對其相對或內(nèi)在價值的評定。-Theresearchprojecthasonlybeenunderwayforthreemonths,soit’stooearlytoevaluateitssuccess.(這個研究工程進行了不過三個月，所以要對它的效果作出評價為時尚早。)value指估計某物的價值、價格。-Hevaluedthehouseformeat￡3,500.(他為我給這幢房子估價，價值3,500英鎊。)Putintoeachgaponeoftheabovewords.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Howdoteachersevaluatetheirstudents’work?2.Itwasestimatedthatthereweremorethan2,250,000spidersinoneacreofgrassfield.3.Theyhavegonetohavetheirjewelsvalued.might/may(just)aswell:Ifyousaythatyoumight/may(just)aswelldosth.,youmeanthatyouwilldoitalthoughyoudonothaveastrongdesiretodoitandmayevenfeelslightlyreluctantaboutit.-Anyway,you’rehere;youmightaswellstay.-Thepostofficeisreallybusy.We’llhavetoqueueforagestogetserved.Wemightaswellgohome.-這道甜食我還是不吃了吧。(Imightaswellgivethesweetcourseamiss.)notmuchof:notagood…-天氣不是很好。(Itisnotmuchofaday.)-Somepeoplemaythinkthatdoinghouseworkforothersisnotmuchofacareer.-Heisnotmuchofafather,butheisanoutstandingprofessor.keepup:continuewithoutstopping-Theyrisklosingtheirhomesbecausetheycannolongerkeepuptherepayments.-IwassohungryallthetimethatIcouldnotkeepthedietupforlongerthanamonth.Collocation:keeptkeeponkeepoff堅持；信守keepupwithkeepoutof跟上；趕上繼續(xù)進行；反復(fù)地做避開；不讓…接近躲開；〔使〕置身于…之外Putintoeachgaponeoftheabovephrases.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Keepoffthegrass!2.Ifthisrainkeepsup,thegardenwillberuined.3.Trytokeepoutoftrouble.4.Don’trun—Ican’tkeepupwithyou.5.Hejustkeptonwriting,payingnoattentiontothecryofthebaby.6.Healwayskeepstohispromises.correspondence:n.1.theactofwriting,receivingorsendingletters(oftenfollowedbywith+n.)-Hisinterestinwritingcamefromalongcorrespondencewithaclosecollegefriend.-敵人空襲后通信中斷了。(Thecorrespondencedroppedaftertheenemy’sairraid.)2.thelettersthatsb.receivesorsends(usedasanuncountablenoun)-Maryreallynevermentionsherstep-motherinhercorrespondence.-ThelibraryboughtallthecorrespondencebetweenQueenVictoriaandherdaughters.Collocation:carryoncorrespondencebreakoffcorrespondence進行通信中斷通信business/commercialcorrespondence商業(yè)書信personalcorrespondenceincorrespondencewithpractically:adv.almost,butnotcompletelyorexactly-她幾乎每天上班遲到。(She’spracticallyalwayslateforwork.)-He’dknowntheoldmanforpracticallytenyears.-Iknowpeoplewhofinditpracticallyimpossibletogiveupsmoking.kindof/sortof:(“kindof〞esp.AmE,“sortof〞esp.BrE)alittlebit;insomewayordegree(usedbeforeverborafteralinkverb)-Theboy’sdescriptionkindofgivesusanideaofwhat’shappening.-Shewasn’tbeautiful.Butshewaskindofcute.-她有點希望能受到邀請。(Shekindofhopedtobeinvited.)losetouch(withsb.):meetandcontactsb.lessandlessoften,graduallystopwritingto,telephoning,orvisitingthem-Ilosttouchwithmyformerclassmatesaftergraduation.-Inmyjobonetendstolosetouchwithfriends.acoupleof:afew;morethanonebutnotmany-Doyouhaveamoment?ThereareacoupleofthingsI’dliketotalktoyouabout.-Theypromisedthestudentsthattheywouldfindasubstituteteacherinacoupleofdays.onone’smind:inone’sthoughts;ofconcerntoone(Ifsth.isonyourmind,youareworriedorconcernedaboutitandthinkaboutitalot.)-Dealingsonthestockmarkethavebeenonhismindallthetime.-Thistravelplanhasbeenonmymindallweek.-Youarealwaysonmymind.keepintouch(withsb.):Ifyoukeepintouchwithsomeone,youwriteto,phone,orvisiteachotherregularly.-Theoldmankeptintouchwithhischildrenwhilelivinginanursinghome.-WhiledoingtheresearchworkintheAntarctic,theprofessorkeptintouchwithhisstudentsviaemail.Collocation:stayintouchwithgetintouchwithcomeup:1.happenoroccur,esp.unexpectedly-Sorry,Iamlate—somethingcameupathome.-Otherprojectscameupandtheemphasisofmyworkchanged.2.bementionedordiscussed-Theissueofsafetycameuptwiceduringthemeeting.-NewsaboutProjectHopehascomeupalotaftertheearthquakeinvariousmedia.Collocation:與…保持聯(lián)系與…取得聯(lián)系私人通信與…有通信聯(lián)系comeacrosscomealongcomedowncomeover偶遇，碰到進展；出現(xiàn)流傳下來；落魄，失勢從遠處來，過來；短暫造訪comethroughcomeupwith經(jīng)歷〔困難〕，安然度過想出〔方案、答案、答復(fù)等〕Putintoeachgaponeofthephrases.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Hecouldn’tcomeupwithanappropriateanswerjustatthetime.2.How’syourworkcomingalong?3.Theselegendscamedowntousfromthe15thcentury.4.Theoldmanwas90yearsoldandluckytocomethroughhisoperation.5.We’vejustcomeacrossanoldfriendwehaven’tseenforages.6.Comeoverandseeussometime.urge:vt.tryveryhardtopersuade-Theyurgedthelocalgovernmenttoapproveplansfortheirreformprogram.-SirFredurgedthatBritain(should)jointheEuropeanMonetarySystem.-當老朋友布賴恩慫恿我接受一支香煙時，我實在忍不住了。(WhenmyoldfriendBrianurgedmetoacceptacigarette,itwasmorethanIcouldbear.)Pattern:urgesb.todosth.urge+that-clause.(Inthethat-clause,“should〞orthebaseformofaverbisused.)postpone:vt.delay(usu.followedbyn./gerund)-Thecouplehadpostponedhavingchildrentoestablishtheircareers.-我們把比賽從3月5日推遲到3月19日舉行。(WepostponedthematchfromMarch5thtoMarch19th.)CF:postpone&delay這組詞都有“延緩〞或“耽誤〞的意思。postpone指將某事推遲或耽誤延后進行，也可以用來比喻將某人或某物置于次要地位。例如：-Theballgamewaspostponedbecauseoftherain.(球賽因雨延期。)-Itisnotrightforhimtopostponethepublicinterest.(他將公眾利益放在后面是不對的。)delay指由于干擾或意外事故而延誤，特別是延誤了某事的預(yù)期完成或某人某物的按時到達。有時也可能是由于主觀原因成心造成的拖延或耽誤。例如：-Thefloodseriouslydelayedthetrainservice.(洪水嚴重延誤了鐵路運輸。)-Ourdebtordelayspaymentfromdaytoday.(欠我們債的人一天又一天地拖延還款。)Putintoeachgaponeoftheabovewords.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Theshipwasdelayedtwohours.2.Wearepostponingourtripuntiltheweathergrowswarmer.reference:n.1.theactoftalkingaboutsb./sth.,ormentioningthem(usu.followedbyto)-Itwasstrangethathemadenoreferencetoanyworkexperienceinhisresume.-Hisrecentbookmakesreferencestothepoliticaleventsofthosedays.2.sth.thatshowsyouwhereelsetolookforinformation,forexamplethepagenumberofanotherplaceinabook-Makeanoteofthereferencenumbershownontheform.3.theactoflookingatsth.forinformation-Usethedictionaryforeasyreference.-Keeptheirpricelistforfurtherreference.Collocation:areferencebookareferencelibraryforreferencereunion:n.apartyattendedbymembersofthesamefamily,school,orothergroupwhohavenotseeneachotherforalongtime-Beforeshewentabroadforfurtherstudy,thewholefamilyhadabigfamilyreunion.-Thesoccerclubholdsanannual/ayearlyreunion.Collocation:aclassreunionafamilyreunionhangout:1.(infml;usedmainlyinAmE)stayinornearaplace,fornoparticularreason,notdoingverymuch-IoftenhungoutincoffeebarswhileIwa