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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山西機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題
Theweatherwasn’tfavorableandbothteamshadto(
)icyrainandastrongwindduringthematch.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.pindown
B.contendwith
C.getstuckin
D.takecontrolof
【答案】B
【解析】詞組辨析題。pindown發(fā)現(xiàn),查明,確定;contendwith對付,與...作斗爭;getstuckin陷入...加緊進(jìn)行;takecontrolof取得對...的控制。
句意:天氣不太好,在比賽期間兩隊(duì)都不得不和冰冷的雨水以及大風(fēng)作斗爭。所以選項(xiàng)B符合句意。
2.單選題
Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically.(1),atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecomer.Indeed,predictionsofsuchasocietyhavebeen(2)fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpayment“wouldsoonrevolutionizethevery(3)ofmoneyitself,”onlyto(4)itselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso
(5)
incoming?
Althoughelectronicmeansofpaymentmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentsystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork
(6)thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery(7)tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,andtelecommunicationsnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe
(8)formofpayment.Second,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey
(9)
receipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto(10).Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof“float”--ittakesseveraldays(11)acheckiscashedandfundsare
(12)fromtheissuer’saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcanearninterestonthefundsinthemeantime.
(13)electronicpaymentsareimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.
Fourth,electronicmeansofpaymentmay(14)securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation(15)there.Becausethisisnotan(16)
occurrence,unscrupulouspersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand
(17)fundsbymovingthemfromsomeoneelse’saccountsintotheirown.The(18)ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andawholenewfieldofcomputersciencehasdevelopedto
(19)securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic(20)
thatcontainsalargeamountofpersonaldataonbuyinghabits.Thereareworriesthatgovernment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyencroachingonourprivacy.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.However
B.Moreover
C.Therefore
D.Otherwise
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.off
B.back
C.over
D.around
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.power
B.concept
C.history
D.role
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.reward
B.resist
C.resume
D.reverse
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.silent
B.sudden
C.slow
D.steady
問題6選項(xiàng)
A.for
B.against
C.with
D.on
問題7選項(xiàng)
A.imaginative
B.expensive
C.sensitive
D.productive
問題8選項(xiàng)
A.similar
B.original
C.temporary
D.dominant
問題9選項(xiàng)
A.collect
B.provide
C.copy
D.print
問題10選項(xiàng)
A.giveup
B.takeover
C.bringback
D.passdown
問題11選項(xiàng)
A.before
B.after
C.since
D.when
問題12選項(xiàng)
A.kept
B.borrowed
C.released
D.withdrawn
問題13選項(xiàng)
A.Unless
B.Until
C.Because
D.Though
問題14選項(xiàng)
A.hide
B.express
C.raise
D.ease
問題15選項(xiàng)
A.analyzed
B.shared
C.stored
D.displayed
問題16選項(xiàng)
A.unsafe
B.unnatural
C.uncommon
D.unclear
問題17選項(xiàng)
A.steal
B.choose
C.benefit
D.return
問題18選項(xiàng)
A.consideration
B.prevention
C.manipulation
D.justification
問題19選項(xiàng)
A.copewith
B.fightagainst
C.adaptto
D.callfor
問題20選項(xiàng)
A.chunk
B.chip
C.path
D.trail
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:D
第3題:B
第4題:D
第5題:C
第6題:B
第7題:B
第8題:D
第9題:B
第10題:A
第11題:A
第12題:D
第13題:C
第14題:C
第15題:C
第16題:C
第17題:A
第18題:B
第19題:A
第20題:D
【解析】(1)邏輯關(guān)系。空格前“youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssociety你可能認(rèn)為我們會快速進(jìn)入一個(gè)無現(xiàn)金的社會”,而空格后“atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecomer一個(gè)真正的無現(xiàn)金社會可能不會即將來臨”,所以空格前后兩句句意發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折,需要填寫一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞,A選項(xiàng)“然而;但是”正確。B選項(xiàng)moreover“而且;此外”,表遞進(jìn);C選項(xiàng)therefore“因此;所以”,表結(jié)果;D選項(xiàng)otherwise“否則;除此之外;在自他方面”,表對比,均不合邏輯,排除。
(2)固定搭配。空格后“Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpayment例如,商業(yè)周刊在1975年預(yù)測電子支付方式”可知空格前這里指代的是“對無現(xiàn)金社會的預(yù)測早己存在”,D選項(xiàng)的around構(gòu)成固定搭配bearound表示“存在,出現(xiàn)”,正確。
(3)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)power“力量;政權(quán);勢力”;B選項(xiàng)concept“觀念,概念”;C選項(xiàng)history“歷史,歷史學(xué),來歷”;D選項(xiàng)role“角色,作用”。空格所在句子意思為‘例如,1975年《商業(yè)周刊》預(yù)測電子支付手段很快將“徹底改變貨幣本身的。”由文章在講述“電子貨幣取代紙幣”與空格前“revolutionize改革”的對應(yīng)可知這里指代的是“改革貨幣本身的概念”,B選項(xiàng)正確。
(4)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)reward“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);獎(jiǎng)賞”;B選項(xiàng)resist“抵抗;忍耐”;C選項(xiàng)resume“重新開始,繼續(xù)”;D選項(xiàng)reverse“使倒退;調(diào)換”。空格前“atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecomer—個(gè)真正的無現(xiàn)金社會可能不會即將來臨”與“onlyto不料竟會"表轉(zhuǎn)折,所以D選項(xiàng)“使倒退”符合語境,正確。句意是‘例如,1975年的《商業(yè)周刊》曾預(yù)測,電子支付方式“很快就會徹底改變貨幣本身的概念”,但幾年之后又發(fā)生了逆轉(zhuǎn)’。
(5)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)silent“沉默的;寂靜的”;B選項(xiàng)sudden“突然的,意外的”;C選項(xiàng)slow“緩慢的;減速的;遲鈍的”;D選項(xiàng)steady“穩(wěn)定的;沉著的”。空格前“atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecomer一個(gè)真正的無現(xiàn)金社會可能不會即將來臨”,而空格后關(guān)鍵詞“coming來到”,所以的C選項(xiàng)“緩慢的”才符合語境,正確。
(6)邏輯關(guān)系。由空格前‘雖然電子支付方式可能比基于紙張的支付系統(tǒng)更有效率,’其中“Although盡管”表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,說明句意發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折,所以空格句應(yīng)該是“幾個(gè)因素妨礙紙幣系統(tǒng)的消失”,所以B選項(xiàng)構(gòu)成的搭配workagainst“妨礙”符合語境,正確。A選項(xiàng)workfor“為……工作;受雇于”;C選項(xiàng)workwith“與共事;對…有效”;D選項(xiàng)workon“影響,對…起作用;繼續(xù)工作;從事于……”均不符合語境,排除。
(7)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)imaginative“虛構(gòu)的;富于想象的;有創(chuàng)造力的”;B選項(xiàng)expensive“昂貴的;花錢的”;C選項(xiàng)sensitive“敏感的;靈敏的;易受傷害的”;D選項(xiàng)productive“生產(chǎn)的;多產(chǎn)的;富有成效的”。由第六題的分析知這里在介紹妨礙紙幣系統(tǒng)消失的因素;所以“安裝電腦等應(yīng)該是昂貴的”,B選項(xiàng)正確。
(8)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)similar“相似的”;B選項(xiàng)original“最初的;獨(dú)創(chuàng)的”;C選項(xiàng)temporary“暫時(shí)的,臨時(shí)的”;D選項(xiàng)dominant“顯性的;支配的,主要的”。由空格前“setupthecomputer,cardreader,andtelecommunicationsnetworks裝配電腦、讀卡器和通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)”的可知這里句意是“讓電子貨幣成為主要的支付方式”,所以D選項(xiàng)正確。
(9)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)collect“收集;回收;領(lǐng)取”;B選項(xiàng)provide“提供;規(guī)定;裝備”;C選項(xiàng)copy“復(fù)制;抄襲”;D選項(xiàng)print“印刷;打印”。由空格前“paperchecks紙質(zhì)支票”與空格后"receipts收據(jù)”的對應(yīng)知這里句意是“其次,紙質(zhì)支票的優(yōu)勢在于它能提供收據(jù),”B選項(xiàng)正確。
(10)詞組題。A選項(xiàng)giveup“放棄;交出”;B選項(xiàng)takeover“接管;接收”;C選項(xiàng)bringback“拿回來;使……恢復(fù),使……回憶起來”;D下次passdown“傳下來;遺傳”。空格前句意“其次,紙質(zhì)支票的優(yōu)勢在于它能提供收據(jù),而很多消費(fèi)者不愿去……東西”,句中something指代“advantage優(yōu)勢”,所以這里是指代“放棄優(yōu)勢”,A選項(xiàng)正確。
(11)邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)before“在……以前;在……之前”;B選項(xiàng)after“在……之后”;C選項(xiàng)since“自……以來;自……以后”;D選項(xiàng)when“當(dāng)……時(shí);在……時(shí)”。由空格前“第三,使用紙質(zhì)支票給消費(fèi)者幾天的“浮動(dòng)”時(shí)間這需要幾天時(shí)間”與空格后“acheckiscashed—個(gè)支票被兌現(xiàn)”可知“在……之前”符合語境,A選項(xiàng)正確。
(12)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)keptkeep“保持;經(jīng)營;遵守;飼養(yǎng)”,keepfrom“隱瞞;阻止;抑制”;B選項(xiàng)borrowborrowed“借;借用”,borrowfrom“向借”;C選項(xiàng)releasereleased)“釋放”,releasefrom“從…釋放;解除”;D選項(xiàng)withdrawwithdrawn“撤退;收回;撤消;取出”,withdrawfrom“撤退,退出;取出”。由11題和空格前“acheckiscashed一個(gè)支票被兌現(xiàn)”可知這里指代“金錢從支票開出者的賬戶上被取出”,D選項(xiàng)正確。
(13)邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)unless“除非”;B選項(xiàng)until“在……以前;直到……時(shí)”;C選項(xiàng)because“因?yàn)椋挥捎凇保籇選項(xiàng)though“雖然;盡管”。空格后“electronicpaymentsareimmediate電子支付是立即的”與“theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer它們除去了針對消費(fèi)者的浮款(即消費(fèi)者可以等幾天后才實(shí)際付款的情況)”之間存在因果關(guān)系,C選項(xiàng)正確。
(14)邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)hide“隱藏;隱瞞”;B選項(xiàng)express“表達(dá);特快發(fā)送”;C選項(xiàng)raise“提高;籌集;養(yǎng)育;升起;引起”;D選項(xiàng)ease“減輕,緩和;使安心”。空格后“anunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation一個(gè)未被授權(quán)的黑客能進(jìn)入計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫去更改數(shù)據(jù)”可知這里指代“引起安全和隱私的擔(dān)憂”,C選項(xiàng)正確。
(15)動(dòng)詞過去分詞充當(dāng)后置定語語法。A選項(xiàng)analyze動(dòng)詞過去分詞analyzed,“對進(jìn)行分析”;B選項(xiàng)share動(dòng)詞過去分詞為shared,“分享;分擔(dān)”;C選項(xiàng)store動(dòng)詞過去分詞為stored,“貯藏;儲存”,D選項(xiàng)display動(dòng)詞過去分詞為displayed,“顯示;表現(xiàn);陳列”。空格所在句句意‘我們經(jīng)常聽到媒體報(bào)道說一個(gè)未經(jīng)授權(quán)的黑客已經(jīng)能夠訪問一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫并修改在那里…信息。’“there”指代的是“inthedatabase在數(shù)據(jù)庫”,所以空格指代的是“被儲存在那里的信息”;C選項(xiàng)正確。
(16)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)unsafe“危險(xiǎn)的;不安穩(wěn)的”;B選項(xiàng)unnatural“不自然的;反常的”;C選項(xiàng)uncommon“罕見的;不尋常的”;D選項(xiàng)unclear“不清楚的”。本句中的this指代的是上句中“黑客能夠獲取電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫和更改儲存信息”,且上文關(guān)鍵詞‘often’與本句空格所在的“notuncommon”為同義替代。所以C選項(xiàng)正確。
(17)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)steal“偷竊;竊取”;B選項(xiàng)choose“選擇,決定”;C選項(xiàng)benefit“有益于,對…有益”;D選項(xiàng)return“返回;報(bào)答”。由空格后“bymovingthemfromsomeoneelse’saccountsintotheirown通過將它們(即金錢)從其它人的賬戶移到他們自己的賬戶”可知空格這里指代的是“偷竊金錢”,A選項(xiàng)正確。
(18)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)consideration“考慮;關(guān)心”;B選項(xiàng)prevention“預(yù)防;阻止;妨礙”;C選項(xiàng)manipulation“操縱;篡改”;D選項(xiàng)justification“理由;辯護(hù);認(rèn)為有理”。由空格后“thistypeoffraud這種欺騙”的對應(yīng)知空格指代“阻止這種欺騙不是容易的工作”,B選項(xiàng)正確。
(19)詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)copewith“處理,應(yīng)付”;B選項(xiàng)fightagainst“反對;與…作斗爭”;C選項(xiàng)adaptto“使適合,使適宜”;D選項(xiàng)callfor“要求;提倡”。空格前“newfieldofcomputersciencehasdevelopedto新領(lǐng)域的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)己發(fā)展去……”,空格后“securityissues安全問題”,所以空格處的含義是的“處理,應(yīng)付”,A選項(xiàng)正確。
(20)詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)chunk“大塊;很多”;B選項(xiàng)chip“芯片;碎片;薄片”;C選項(xiàng)path“道路;小路;軌道”;D選項(xiàng)trail“痕跡;足跡;小徑”。空格前‘另一個(gè)令人擔(dān)憂的問題是,使用電子支付方式會留下電子支付的…’,空格后“containsalargeamountofpersonaldataonbuyinghabits包含大量有關(guān)購買習(xí)慣的個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)”,所以空格指代的是“痕跡”,D選項(xiàng)正確。
3.單選題
Examinationsdonot()studentstoseekmoreknowledge.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.exert
B.instruct
C.motivate
D.qualify
【答案】C
【解析】詞義辨析題。exert運(yùn)用;instruct指導(dǎo);motivate激勵(lì);qualify使…有資格。句意:考試無法激勵(lì)學(xué)生去追求更多的知識。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。
4.單選題
Nobodylikestakingexams;examsinyourownlanguagecanbestressfulenoughbutsomehowexamsinaforeignlanguagealwaysseemtocausemoreworryandanxiety.Well,thegoodnewsisthat,ifyou(1)somesimplesteps,takingEnglishlanguageexamscanbereallyquite(2)Itwon'texactlybefun,butitcertainlyshouldn'tgiveyoutoomanyheadachesorsleeplessnights.
Ifyouareplanningto(3)oneofthewell-knownexamssuchasCambridgeFirstCertificate,youwillprobablyfindthatthere'sapreparationcourse(4)ataschoolnearyou.Checkthattheschoolhasagood(5)ofexamssuccessandthattheteacheris(6).
Itisagoodideatoaskifyouwillbegivenhomeworkand(7)yourwrittenwillbemarkedbyateacherwhoknowsthelevelofEnglish(8)bytheexam.
Ifyoutakeanexampreparationcourseyourteacherwillgiveyoualltheinformationyouneedandyouwillfindthat(9)intheclasshelpsyoutostudymoreeffectively.Butyouwillstillneedto(10)inalotofworkyourself(afterall,theteachercan'ttaketheexamforyou.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.mind
B.walk
C.follow
D.keep
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.fascinating
B.painless
C.enjoyable
D.marvelous
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.have
B.prepare
C.participate
D.take
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.possible
B.available
C.offering
D.existing
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.management
B.foundation
C.expectation
D.record
問題6選項(xiàng)
A.experience
B.experiencing
C.experienced
D.experiences
問題7選項(xiàng)
A.how
B.that
C.what
D.whether
問題8選項(xiàng)
A.required
B.determined
C.corresponded
D.accorded
問題9選項(xiàng)
A.going
B.coming
C.being
D.getting
問題10選項(xiàng)
A.put
B.act
C.sit
D.give
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:B
第5題:D
第6題:C
第7題:D
第8題:A
第9題:C
第10題:A
【解析】(1)固定搭配。followsomesimplesteps遵循一些簡單的步驟。
(2)形容詞辨析。句意:如果遵循一些簡單的步驟,參加英語考試就不那么了。fascinating迷人的。painless無痛的。enjoyable:令人享受的,令人愉快的。marvelous:了不起的,非凡的,令人驚異的。
(3)固定搭配。preparer后面跟for,participate后面跟in。而take可以作及物動(dòng)詞,后面接exams。
(4)形容詞辨析。句意:可以在就近的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)到一些預(yù)備課程。possible可能的,合適的。available可得到的,可利用的。offering提供。existing目前的,現(xiàn)存的。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意。
(5)名詞辨析。句意:要審核申請人平時(shí)在校的考試記錄。management管理,操縱,管理人員。foundation基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)。expectation期待,預(yù)期。record檔案,履歷,記錄。故選D。
(6)語法分析。句意:要審核申請人平時(shí)在校的考試記錄,以及教師是否經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富。experience:n.經(jīng)驗(yàn),經(jīng)歷,體驗(yàn)。experiencing:experience的現(xiàn)在分詞。experienced:富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的。experiences:n.經(jīng)歷,體驗(yàn);experience的復(fù)數(shù)。空前為be動(dòng)詞is,因此空格處應(yīng)為形容詞。故選C。
(7)語義連接。ifyouwillbegivenhomeworkand:你是否有家庭作業(yè)以及…。and連接前后兩個(gè)表示并列成分的句子,前面用了if,據(jù)此可以推出后面也需用類似的連詞。
(8)語義連接。句意:老師知道考試需要/規(guī)定的英語水平。required:必需的,必修的。determined:堅(jiān)決的。corresponded:correspond的過去分詞,相符,符合。accorded:accord的過去分詞,符合,一致。故選A。
(9)語法分析。beingintheclass:在課堂中。
(10)固定搭配。句意:但是你依然得投入很多到工作中。putin:傾注,投入(金錢,時(shí)間、努力等)。sitin:參加靜坐示威。givein:屈服,讓步,上交。act后面不接in。故選A。
5.單選題
Theywereaccusedof(
)tooverthrowthegovernmentandweresentencedtojail.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.intrigue
B.conspiracy
C.plot
D.sin
【答案】B
【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)intrigue“陰謀,私通”;B選項(xiàng)conspiracy“陰謀,共謀”;C選項(xiàng)plot“情節(jié)”;D選項(xiàng)sin“罪惡”。句意:他們被指控共謀推翻政府,并被判入獄。conspiracy側(cè)重于政治方面的陰謀,所以選項(xiàng)B更符合語境。
6.單選題
Beforethegeneralelectionmanyseniorcitizenssignedthe()againstthespreadingofnucleararms.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.contract
B.petition
C.supplication
D.potential
【答案】B
【解析】名詞辨析。contract合同,契約;petition請?jiān)笗冈S多人簽名的向當(dāng)權(quán)者提出某種要求;supplication祈愿,祈求,懇求;potential潛力,潛勢。句意:好多老年人簽訂反對核武器的擴(kuò)散。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。
7.單選題
Wheneverpossible,Ian(
)howwellhespeaksJapanese.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.showsup
B.showsaround
C.showsoff
D.showsout
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。。showup“顯而易見,到場”;showaround“帶······參觀”;showoff“炫耀,展示”;showout“送出(客人)”。句意:只要有可能,伊恩就會向我們炫耀他說日語的能力。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。
8.單選題
Somediseasesare(
)bycertainwateranimals.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.transplanted
B.transformed
C.transported
D.transmitted
【答案】D
【解析】形近詞辨析題。transplant移植;transform改變,變換;transport運(yùn)輸;transmit傳輸,傳播。
句意:有些疾病是由某些水生動(dòng)物傳播的。這里指疾病的傳播,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。
9.單選題
Operationswhichleftpatients(
)andinneedoflongperiodsofdiscoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.exhausted
B.unhealthy
C.upset
D.fearful
【答案】A
【解析】句意:以前,病人手術(shù)后精疲力竭,需長時(shí)間才能恢復(fù),現(xiàn)在的手術(shù)卻讓他們感到輕松和舒適。
形容詞辨析。Exhausted精疲力竭的;unhealthy不健康的;upset苦惱的;fearful擔(dān)心的,可怕的。因此A符合句意。
10.單選題
America’sCongresspassedahousingbillthatincludesmeasurestoshoreupFannieMaeandFreddieMac,twotroubledmortgagegiants.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.censure
B.imprecate
C.upbraid
D.bolster
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)censure“嚴(yán)厲斥責(zé),正式譴責(zé)”;B選項(xiàng)imprecate“詛咒;祈求”;C選項(xiàng)upbraid“責(zé)罵;訓(xùn)斥”;D選項(xiàng)bolster“支持,支撐;給(座位)加軟墊;改善,鞏固;增強(qiáng),激勵(lì)”。句意:美國國會通過了一項(xiàng)住房法案,其中包括支持房利美和房地美這兩個(gè)陷入困境的抵押貸款巨頭的措施。shoreup“支持,支撐;加固”。D選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
11.單選題
Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.Inacomputerwithaspeedofonegigahertz(千兆赫),forexample,thecrystal"licks”abilliontimesasecond.Everyactionofthecomputertakesplaceintinysteps,eachabillionthofasecondlong.Asimpletransferofdatamaytakeonlyonestep;complexcalculationsmaytakemanysteps.Alloperations,however,mustbeginandendaccordingtotheclock’stimingsignals.
Becausemostmodemcomputersuseasinglerhythm,wecallthemsynchronous.Insidethecomputer’smicroprocessorchip,aclockdistributionsystemdeliversthetimingsignalsfromthecrystaloscillatortothevariouscircuits,justassoundinairdeliversthebeatofadrumtosoldierstosettheirmarchingpace.Becauseallpartsofthechipsharethesamerhythm,theoutputofanycircuitfromonestepcanserveastheinputtoanyothercircuitforthenextstep.Thesynchronizationprovidedbytheclockhelpschipdesignersplansequencesofactionsforthecomputer.
Theuseofacentralclockalsocreatesproblems.Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.Present-daytransistorscanprocessdatasoquicklythattheycanaccomplishseveralstepsinthetimethatittakesawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefultotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.Wouldn’titbenicetohaveanalternative?
OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,weareinvestigatingwaystodesigncomputingsystemsinwhicheachpartcanproceedatitsownpaceinsteadofdependingontherhythmofacentralclock.Wecallsuchsystemsasynchronous.Eachpartofanasynchronoussystemmayextendorshortenthetimingofitsstepswhenwalkingacrossroughterrain.
1.Whatdeterminestherhythmofthepersonalcomputer?
2.Whydoestheauthormentionsoundinairinthesecondparagraph?
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageoftheuseofacentralclock?
4.Theword“alternative”means(
).
5.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Analarmingclock.
B.Acrystaloscillator.
C.Complexcalculations.
D.Theclock’stimingsignals.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Toillustratethetimingsignalsaredeliveredinasimilarwaysoundtravelsinair.
B.Toshowusthattimingsignals’speedcanbeasfastasthatofsound.
C.Becausethewaveoftimingsignalsissimilartothesoundwave.
D.Becausesoundisdeliveredbytimingsignals.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Distributingthetimingsignalsismoredifficultwhenspeedsarehigher.
B.Ithastotakeawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.
C.Carefuldesignisnecessarytokeeptherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechip.
D.Agreatdealofelectricalpowerisrequiredtoawholechipsynchronous.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.method
B.substitute
C.answer
D.machine
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.thestructureofanasynchronoussystemisdifferentfromthatofasynchronoussystem.
B.thecentralclocksetstherhythmofpartsofanasynchronoussystem
C.eachpartofanasynchronoussystemcanchangetherhythmofthecentralclock.
D.searchingforbetterreplacementforthesynchronoussystemisaninternationalproblem.
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:B
第5題:D
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.你的電腦有多快?當(dāng)人們問這個(gè)問題時(shí),他們通常指的是計(jì)算機(jī)內(nèi)部一個(gè)微小時(shí)鐘的頻率,它是一個(gè)晶體振蕩器,設(shè)定了整個(gè)機(jī)器使用的基本節(jié)奏。”由此可知,選項(xiàng)B符合原文。
2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“在計(jì)算機(jī)的微處理器芯片中,一個(gè)時(shí)鐘分配系統(tǒng)將晶體振蕩器發(fā)出的定時(shí)信號傳送到各個(gè)電路中,就像鼓聲通過空氣傳播給士兵,以此來確定他們行進(jìn)的步伐一樣。”由此可推斷,這里提到鼓聲在空氣中傳播是為了說明定時(shí)信號的傳遞和聲音在空氣中傳播的方式是類似的,所以選項(xiàng)A正確。
3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.隨著速度的提高,定時(shí)信號的分配變得越來越困難。”選項(xiàng)A符合原文;根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.要使一個(gè)大芯片的所有部件都保持相同的節(jié)奏,需要精心的設(shè)計(jì)和大量的電力。”選項(xiàng)C和D符合原文。選項(xiàng)B是由于速度過快導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果而不是缺點(diǎn),所以不正確,本題選B。
4.詞義題。結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可知,“alternative”意為“替代品”,選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。
5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,我們在太陽微系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究組正在尋找這樣的替代品。和世界上其他幾個(gè)組織一起...”由此可推斷,尋找更好的同步系統(tǒng)替代品是一個(gè)國際性問題,選項(xiàng)D正確。選項(xiàng)A,B,C均是事實(shí),不是推導(dǎo)出來的,所以不符合題意。
12.單選題
Shoppingforclothesisnotthesameexperienceforamanasitisforawoman.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.Hispurposeissettledanddecidedinadvance.Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.Allmensimplywalkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhattheywant.Iftheshophasitinstockthesalesmanpromptlyproducesit,andthebusinessoftryingiton,proceedsatonce.Allbeingwell,thedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes,withhardlyanychatandtoeveryone'ssatisfaction.
Foraman,slightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesnothavewhathewants,ordoesnothaveexactlywhathewants.Inthatcasethesalesman,asthenameimplies,triestosellthecustomersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly,hedoessowithskillandpolish."Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwant,sir,butwouldyouliketotryitforsize?Ithappenstobethecoloryoumentioned."Fewmenhavepatiencewiththistreatment,andtheusualresponseis"Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton."
Nowhowdoesawomangoaboutbuyingclothes?Inalmosteveryrespectshedoessointheoppositeway.Hershoppingisnotoftenbasedonneed.Shehasneverfullymadeuphermindwhatshewants,andsheisonly"havingalookaround".Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsher,evenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.Contrarytoalotofjokes;mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvaluewhentheybuyclothes.Theyarealwaysonthelook-outfortheunexpectedbargain.Facedwitharoomfulofdresses,awomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanother,toandfro,oftenretracinghersteps,beforeselectingthedressesshewantstotryon.Itisalaboriousprocessbutapparentlyanenjoyableone.Somostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaitinghusbands.
1.Whenamanisbuyingclothes,(
).
2.Incommerceagoodsalesmanisonewho
(
).
3.Whatdoesamandowhenhecannotgetexactlywhathewants?
4.Accordingtothispassage,whenshoppingforclothes,women
(
).
5.Whatisthemostobviousdifferencebetweenmenandwomenshoppers?
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.hechoosesthingsthatothersrecommend
B.hebuyscheapthings,regardlessofquality
C.hebuysgoodthings,solongastheyarenottooexpensive
D.hedoesnotmindhowmuchhehastopayfortherightthings
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.sellssomethingacustomerdoesnotparticularlywant
B.alwayshasinstockthethingthecustomerwants
C.canfindoutquicklythegoodsrequired
D.doesnotwastehistimeondifficultcustomers
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Hebuyssomethingthatissimilarenoughtotheidealone.
B.Heusuallydoesnotbuyanything.
C.Atleasttwoofhisrequirementsmustbemetbeforehebuys.
D.Solongasthestyleisright,hebuysthething.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.oftenbuythingswithoutthinking
B.seldombuycheapclothes
C.welcomesuggestionsfromanyone
D.nevertakeanyadvice
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Thefactthatmendonottryclothesoninashop.
B.Womenbargainfortheirclothesbutmendonot.
C.Womenstandupwhileshopping,butmensitdown.
D.Thetimetheytakeoverbuyingclothes.
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:C
第5題:D
【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.(他知道他想要什么,他的目標(biāo)是找到它并購買它;價(jià)格是次要的考慮因素)可知選D。
第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中Inthatcasethesalesman,asthenameimplies,triestosellthecustomersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly,hedoessowithskillandpolish.(在這種情況下,推銷員,顧名思義,試圖向顧客推銷其他東西——他提供了最接近他所需要的物品。優(yōu)秀的推銷員不會直截了當(dāng)?shù)靥岢鲞@樣的替代方案,而是用技巧和變通來做的這點(diǎn))可知選A。
第3題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton(這是對的顏色,可能是合適的尺寸,但試穿還是浪費(fèi)你我的時(shí)間)可知選B。
第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsher,evenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.(她總是樂于接受說服;事實(shí)上,她非常重視女售貨員告訴她的話,甚至是同伴對她說的話。她會試穿很多東西。在她心中最重要的是應(yīng)該找到每個(gè)人都認(rèn)為適合她的東西)可知選C。
第5題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中thedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes(這筆交易可以而且經(jīng)常在不到五分鐘內(nèi)完成)和最后一段中Somostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaitinghusbands(所以大多數(shù)服裝店都為等候的丈夫提供椅子)可知男女購物最大的區(qū)別是購物花費(fèi)的時(shí)間,因此選D。
13.填空題/r/
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