1、名詞性從句的翻譯第1頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二I. Translation of English Nominal Clauses Nominal clauses which perform the function of nouns in the sentences usually include: 1）Subject clauses （常伴隨有形式主語 “it” ) 2）Object clauses (可伴隨有形式賓語 “it” ) 3）Predicative clauses 4）Appositive clauses 1. Subject clauses （1）W

2、hile translating subject clauses introduced by what, whatever, whoever, leave the position and word of order unchanged. What he told me was only half-truth. 他告訴我的只是半真半假的東西而已。 Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression. 他此行的所見所聞都給他留下深刻的印象。第2頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二（2）Whe

3、n subject clauses introduced by it used as a formal subject are translated, it doesnt matter whether they are put in front of the sentence or not. “it” can or cannot be translated. e.g.It doesnt make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not. (“it” hasnt been translated)他參不參加會議都沒關系。It wa

4、s obvious that I had become the pawn in some sort of top level power play.很清楚，某些高級人物在玩弄權術，而我卻成了他們的工具。 It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash. (“it” has been translated)飛機墜毀之后，竟然還能活著，這看起來是不可想象的事。第3頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二2. Object clauses （1）While translating object c

5、lauses introduced by what, that, how, leave the position and word of order unchanged. I understand that he is well qualified, but I feel that he needs more experience. 我知道他完全夠條件，但我覺得他需要更多的經驗。 （2）When object clauses introduced by it used as a formal subject are translated, it is not necessary to tran

6、slated the word “it” and the position of the original sentence remains unchanged e.g. I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 oclock in the morning. 我向他們講清楚的，他們必須在上午十時前交卷。第4頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二 （3）Sometimes object clause can be put in front of the sentence while

7、translated. e.g. We have no definite information yet as to which route he will take. 關于他將走哪條路線，我們還沒有確切的消息。 I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting. 我被選參加會議，感到光榮。3. Predicative clauses Predicative clauses are usually in the original order while rendered. Things are not always a

8、s they seem to be. 事物并不總是如其表象。 His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him. 他對新聞界的看法是，記者們不是支持他，就是反對他。第5頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二4. Appositive clauses（1）in the original orderAn obedient son, I had accepted my fathers decision that I was to be a doctor, though the

9、 prospect interested me not at all.作為一個孝順的兒子，我接受了父親的決定，要當醫生，雖然我對這樣的前途毫無興趣。We demanded a guarantee that no similar incident would occur again.我們要求保證不再發生類似事件。（2）in front of the sentenceIt does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay.延遲應由他負責，這個事實是改變不了的。Yet, from the beginning, t

10、hat fact that I was alive was ignored.然而，從一開始，我仍然活著這個事實卻偏偏被忽視了。第6頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二 （3）by adding the word “即” or with the use of colon (:) or dash () But considered realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good. 但是現實地考慮一下，我們不得不正視這一事實：我們的前景并不妙。 Then arose the

11、question where we were to get the optical instruments needed. 這時就產生了這么一個問題：我們到哪兒去找所需要的光學儀器。第7頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二II. Translation of Chinese Complex Sentences Sentence Combination （1）門口放著一堆雨傘，少說也有12把，五顏六色，大小不一。 There are at least a dozen of umbrellas of several colors and sizes in the doorway.

12、（2）我有一個問題弄不明白，想請教你，你有時間嗎？ Do you have spare time to answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me?（3）因為距離遠，又缺乏交通工具，農村社會是與外界 隔絕的。這種隔絕狀態，由于通訊工具不足，就變得更加嚴重了。 The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the inf

13、ormation media.第8頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二 （4）他這時已是將近六旬的人，一表人才，高個兒，眉清目秀，頭發又多又黑，略帶花白，恰好襯托出他堂堂的儀表。 He was at this time in his late fifties, a tall, elegant man with good feathers and thick dark hair only sufficiently graying to add to the distinction of his appearance.2. Sentence Sequence 例：黑龍江省林業廳顧

14、問趙樹森在人民日報上撰文指出，中國的森林是豐富的再生能源，在農村地區應當大力開發，用做燒柴。第9頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二Version 1: In an article in “The Peoples Daily”, Zhao Shusen, consultant to Heilongjiang Forestry Bureau, says that, “Chinas forests are a vast source of renewable energy and should be largely developed for firewood in the ru

15、ral areas.”Version 2: Heilongjiang Forestry Bureau consultant Zhao Shusen says in an article carried in “The Peoples Daily” that “Chinas forests are a vast source of renewable energy and should be largely developed for firewood in the rural areas.”Version 3: Chinas forests are a vast source of renew

16、able energy and should be largely developed for firewood in the rural areas, says Zhao Shusen, Heilongjiang Forests Bureau consultant, in an article carried in “The Peoples Daily”.第10頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二Exercise:1. It hasnt been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.2. It is

17、 frequently the case that automobiles break down on the highway.3. I put it to you that you are the only person who had a motive for the crime.4. There is no denying the fact that the new technique has greatly raised labour productivity.5. And there was the possibility that a series of provocations

18、might lead up to the border war.6. Not long ago the scientists made an exciting discovery that this “waste”.第11頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二1. 還沒有明確宣布新道路什么時候通車。2. 汽車在公路上拋了錨，這是常有的事。3. 我要讓你明白你是唯一具有犯罪動機的人。4. 不可否認，新技術大大提高了勞動生產率。5. 而且總是存在著這種可能性一系列的挑釁事件可 能會導致邊境戰爭。6. 不久以前，科學家有了令人振奮的發現，即可以把這種廢物變為塑料。 求知三個境界：獨上

19、高樓，望盡天涯路；路漫漫其修遠西兮，吾將上下而求索；為伊消得人憔悴，暮然回首，卻在燈火闌珊處。 A truthful knowledge-seeking involves a high degree of three statures: to be persistent in ones long lasting research, to be regretfulless at a sudden recall of ones floppy clothes on his thin old body as if a burning light with last drop of oil and to

20、 be unrivaled on the peak of learning as if one climbed alone on the top of a tower and looked into distance.第12頁，共15頁，2022年，5月20日，8點9分，星期二 黃山：我國名山風景之一，“奇峰”，“怪石”，“云海”，“溫泉”為黃山四絕。峰巒溪瀑如潑墨山水畫，素有“五岳歸來不看山，黃山歸來不看岳”的美譽。 Huang-shan, one of the most famous tourist mountains in China, is distinctive for its “four uniques” (peculiar peaks, strange rocks, cloud sea and hot springs). With its peaks, streams and water-falls as beautiful as a water-color picture, Huang-shan brings a world-wide reputation that one knows Huang-shan only after visiting “the five mountain