1、優選中國貨幣的簡史與發展加入SDR第一頁，共二十八頁。Definition A generally accepted form of money, including coins and paper notes, which is issued by a government and circulated within an economy. Used as a medium of exchange for goods and services, currency is the basis for trade.Currency第二頁，共二十八頁。Ancient CurrencyChina is

2、 one of the countries where money was used earliest in the world. After Qin Dynasty unified the country, official metal money was cast of Bronze circular in shape with a square hole through the center. This kind of bronze coins had been used in China for over 2000 years until up to Song Dynasty when

3、 earliest paper money in the world appeared. 第三頁，共二十八頁。Over 3000 years ago, China began to use shells as money which was also called cowries.In antiquity, people used shells for exchange.Cowries (貝幣)第四頁，共二十八頁。Bronze Coins In the 11th century BC, the bronze was found to be more durable than shells an

4、d also convenient carry and collect, so bronze coins were cast in imitation of seashells. Bronze coins in later periods roughly fall into four types: spade coins(布幣), knife coins(刀幣), round coins(環幣) and yibi cowries(蟻鼻幣). 第五頁，共二十八頁。Spade coins of the Warring States Period （戰國布幣）Half tael coins of Q

5、in Dynasty (秦代半兩銅幣)第六頁，共二十八頁。Spade coins in the period of Wangmang (王莽布幣)Yibi cowries in the shape of ants creeping on the nose (楚國蟻鼻錢)第七頁，共二十八頁。Knife coins第八頁，共二十八頁。These are one kind of ancient Chinese bronze coins with a weight of five Zhu (about 3.33 gram) and two Chinese characters “五銖” cast on

6、 the face. The casting of Wu Zhu coins began in the year of 118 BC and it had circulated for over 700 years because it had a proper size and convenient weight.Wu Zhu Coins第九頁，共二十八頁。第十頁，共二十八頁。Coins of Kaiyuan Tong BaoTong Bao is the name of one kind of ancient Chinese bronze coins which were first us

7、ed in Tang Dynasty and lasted over 300 years as the main currency. Kaiyuan Tong Bao refers to the bronze coins that were cast in the beginning years of Tang Dynasty.第十一頁，共二十八頁。第十二頁，共二十八頁。In Qing Dynasty, each emperor had a reign title and the coins cast were named after the reign title of the empero

8、r on the throne. Xianfeng was the reign title of one emperor in Qing Dynasty, and the coins cast in his reign were called Xianfeng Tong Bao.第十三頁，共二十八頁。Coins of Xianfeng Tong Bao第十四頁，共二十八頁。Jiaozi (交子)Jiaozi was a kind of paper money used earliest in China and also in the world. It was first issued by

9、 wealthy businessmen in Chengdu, Sichuan Province in the early years of Northern Song Dynasty (from about 998 to 1022) , and then in the year of 1023, began to be printed and issued by the government. This kind of paper money, more convenient in use than metal currency, was circulated in markets and

10、 could also be exchanged with silver money.第十五頁，共二十八頁。Jiaozi: the worlds first known paper money第十六頁，共二十八頁。Longyang: Dragon Silver Dollar Coins In the late years if Qing Dynasty, Viceroy Zhang Zhidong who administered Guangdong and Guangxi made a kind of Chinese silver dollar coins with machine. Wit

11、h a dragon design cast on one side, they were also called Longyang (Dragon Silver Dollar Coins)第十七頁，共二十八頁。Longyang(龍洋)第十八頁，共二十八頁。Modern CurrencyRenminbi (RMB) is the legal currency of PRC, issued by the Peoples Bank of China. It has comprehensively reflected the political, economic and cultural char

12、acteristics in different historical periods of China and has the reputation of “Identity Card” of the state. Form the year of 1948 till now, five series of RMB have been issued. 第十九頁，共二十八頁。New China currencyThe lawful currency of the Peoples Republic of China is the RMB, and the unit is Yuan.There h

13、as already implemented five sets of RMB,and it is to be a currency system of paper, metal, general and precious metal souvenir coin and so on. 第二十頁，共二十八頁。The sample of No.1 series of RMB paper notes 第二十一頁，共二十八頁。The sample of No.2 series of RMB paper notes第二十二頁，共二十八頁。The sample of No.3 series of RMB

14、paper notes第二十三頁，共二十八頁。The sample of No.4 series of RMB paper notes第二十四頁，共二十八頁。The sample of No.5 series of RMB paper notes第二十五頁，共二十八頁。Function of moneyGenerally, economists have defined fifth types of functions of money which are as follows: (i) Medium of exchange(ii) Measurement of value;(iii) Sta

15、ndard of deferred payments (iv) Store of value (v) World Currency.These first four functions of money have been summed up in a couplet which says: Money is a matter of functions four, a medium, a measure, a standard and a store. The fifth function world currency is derived from medium of exchange.Me

16、dium of exchange : Money acts as a medium of exchange as its generally accepted. On the payment of money, purchase of goods and services can be madeThe World currency is along with the development of commodity production and exchange.When the commodity exchange beyond national boundaries as the inte

17、rnational trades, currency as reflecting form of value, has become a worldwide universal equivalent of commodity, that is world currency.第二十六頁，共二十八頁。Chinese Currency and SDRThe IMFs decision will eventually put the yuan alongside the dollar, euro, pound and yen in the funds reserve-currency basket,

18、with the IMF giving more weight to Chinas currency than to either the yen or pound.But while the decision is a boost for Chinas national self-esteem, it isnt likely to drive a huge surge in yuan buying. Nor is there much threat the yuan as the worlds preeminent reserve currency, especially given Chi

19、nas many political and economic challenges.China will speed up the effort to promote financial reforms and opening.The move will help pave the way for broader use of the renminbi in trade and finance, securing Chinas standing as a global economic power.第二十七頁，共二十八頁。Conclusion The Renminbi marches tow

20、ards internationalization The effect of high-speed political, economic and cultural development is that Chinas status in international society is constantly rising, and China is engaging more frequently in cultural and economic exchange and cooperation with other nations of the world. SDR inclusion could be interpreted as international recognition of Chinas increased economic importance and role in global financial markets.Every IMF member holds at least some SDRs. Thus,