1、關于讓步狀語從句第一張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月 讓步狀語從句通常用 though, although, no matter, even if, if, even though, however, whatever等引起。 讓步狀語從句可以前置，也可以后置；前置時強調主句內容，后置時強調從句內容。有時也可以采取中位（插入句中）。第二張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月 兩個詞同義，一般情況下可以互換使用，如：He didnt light the fire though / although it was cold. though可以和even 連用，但although 不可

2、以， Although (Even though) the traffic held us up, we got to the airport on time.1although 和though 引導的讓步狀語從句：第三張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月 當讓步狀語從句是指一種假設的情況，不指事實時，通常用though，而不用although，如：He will never do such a thing though he (should) be forced to. though可以在非正式文體中用作連接性狀語，而although 則不行。（though 可以放在句中或句末，通常用

3、逗號隔開），如： He said he would come; he didnt, though. though引導的從句可用倒裝語序（即把從句中的表語或狀語等放在though之前），而although 不能這樣用，如： Young though she is, yet she is fit for the job. (= Young as she is, )第四張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月 有時可用副詞yet, still, nevertheless (但不能用連詞but) 加強語氣，如： Though he is over seventy, yet / still / nev

4、ertheless he can ride the bike. though和although后面的主語和謂語動詞be 可以省略，如果這個主語和主句中的主語指同一個人或物時，如： Though (he was) severely wounded, yet he refused to leave the battle field. Though (they were) very tired, they continued to march on.第五張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月2even if, even though和 if 引導的讓步狀語從句：even if 與 even th

5、ough同義，常用于強調讓步概念 Ill do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon. Even if you fail, you can try again.注：if 有時也可以用于讓步含義，但要注意條件if 與讓步if 的區別，試比較： If he is poor, how can he buy the house? (條件) If he is poor, he is at least honest. (讓步) (= even if)第六張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月3由as, that, though引導的特殊讓步狀語從句結構：

6、在正式文體或文學作品中，為了強調讓步的含義，可用as引導讓步從句。但as一般不置于句首，而將從句中的表語或狀語置于句首。（though, that與as一樣，也可以用于這種結構），如下面幾種情況： 表語的倒裝： Old as I am, I can still fight. Tall as / though he was, he couldnt reach the top shelf. Difficult though the task was, they managed to accomplish it in time.第七張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月 謂語動詞的倒裝： Try

7、 as he would, he could not remember a word of it. (= No matter how he would try ) Try as he might, he didnt pass the exam.Try as you may, you will never succeed. 狀語的倒裝：（這時不可在狀語之前加very, much等修飾語） Much as I admire him as a writer, I do not like him as a man.Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with

8、 them.第八張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月注意事項： 如果是單數名詞或形容詞最高級作表語，不再用冠詞，如：Child as / that he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best. as從句可以置于主句前、主句后或句中，當as從句置于句首時，主句前可加yet ，如： Mary, brave as she is, is afraid of snakes.Rich as he is, (yet) I dont e

9、nvy him.第九張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月 當作表語的形容詞提前時，如果從句的主語是人稱代詞，那么它只能放在動詞之前；如果從句的主語是名詞，則可用倒裝語序，也可用陳述語序，Clever though / as you may be, you cant do that. as 從句與主句在時態上可以不一致，如： Child as he is, he was brave.注意區別as 引導的原因從句與讓步從句， Lawyer as he is, he explains the reason clearly. (原因從句)Lawyer as he is, he cant expl

10、ain the reason very clearly. (讓步從句)第十張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月4even though和 though even though (= even if) 引導的從句指把握不大或假設的事情，意為“即使”、“縱然”； though 引導的從句指事實，意為“盡管”、“雖然”，例如： He will not reveal the secret, even though he knows it. (可能知道，也可能不知道。) He will not reveal the secret though he knows it. (雖然知道，卻不說出來。)第

11、十一張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月注意比較下列各句： While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. (讓步) While I understand what you say, I cant agree with you. (讓步) While I was reading, the light went out. (時間)He is idle, while his brother is diligent. (轉折、對比)5while引導的讓步狀語從句： while (= although),它引導的讓步狀語從句只

12、能前置，位于句首，如： While I admit that the problems are difficult, I dont agree that they cannot be solved.第十二張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月6whetheror引導的讓步狀語從句： 這種從句也稱“選擇條件-讓步狀語從句”，可位于主句之前或之后，如： Whether he drives or (whether he) flies, he will be here on time. Whether you like it or not, youll have to do it.We hold

13、that all countries, (whether they are) big or small, (whether they are) rich or poor, should be equal. Whether it rains or snows, I will go tonight. She had to go, whether or not she wanted it.第十三張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月7由連接代詞whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever引導的讓步狀語從句： Whoever (= no matter who) is

14、 unwilling to go, I will go. (whoever 既相當于連接詞短語no matter 連接主句與從句，又相當于疑問代詞who) Whomever (= no matter whom) you are dealing with, this method is no good. Whatever (= no matter what) happens, keep calm. Whatever others may say, you are certainly right. Whichever (= no matter which) you choose, we have

15、no objection.第十四張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月8由連接形容詞whatever 或whichever 引導的讓步狀語從句，如： Whatever (= no matter what) difficulties may arise, we must and can overcome them one by one. (whatever 既相當于no matter 連接主句與從句，又相當于疑問形容詞what 修飾名詞difficulties。) Whichever (= no matter which) room is assigned to him, he will h

16、ave no objection. Whichever method you use, the result is much the same.第十五張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月9由連接副詞however, wherever 或whenever 引導的讓步狀語從句。例如： However ( = no matter how) difficult the task may be, we will fulfil it on time. ( however 既相當于 no matter 連接主句與從句，又相當于疑問副詞 how 修飾 difficult。) Wherever ( = n

17、o matter where) they went, they were warmly welcomed. Whenever Im unhappy, he cheers me up. The dog follows me wherever I go.第十六張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月10注意以上幾種結構的省略形式： However difficult the task (may be), it will be fulfilled on time. However great the difficulties (may be), we will never retreat. Wha

18、tever the difficulties (may be), they must and can be overcome.第十七張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月11由whenever, wherever 引導的從句，同時也分別是時間狀語從句和地點狀語從句，這里作為讓步狀語從句來看待，是強調它們帶有no matter when, no matter where 的含義。在口語中用no matter +wh- 結構比較常見。例如：No matter when and how the invaders come, they will be wiped out clean.It is t

19、rue, no matter what you may say. (可置于主句之后)第十八張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月原因狀語從句的引導詞：1. Because because 表示直接原因，語氣最強，because所引導的原因狀語從句通常位于主句之后，because所引導的句子還常用于回答why引導的特殊疑問句。e.g: I do it because I like it.第十九張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月2. since/now that。通常譯為“既然”，表示已知的顯然的理由，語氣比 because 弱，較為正式；now that，更突出事實本身。 Since

20、 和now that 所引導的原因狀語從句一般位于主句之前。第二十張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月e.g: 既然你比較空閑，那就幫我補習數學吧。 Since you are free, come and help me with my mathematics.既然你是個男子漢，就不要做這樣的事了。Now that you are a man, you must not do such a thing.第二十一張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月3. As 引導附帶說明的“雙方已知的原因”，語氣比since弱，較為正式，位置較為靈活（常放于主句之前）。天還在下雨，你還是乘出租車好

21、了。As it is raining,youd better take a taxi.第二十二張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月4. forFor 所引導的原因狀語從句并非用于說明主句行為發生的直接原因，而是為了提供一些輔助性的補充說明，只能放于主句之后并且必須用逗號將其與主句隔開。e.g: 他不可能見到我，因為當時我并不在那里。He could not have seen me, for I was not there.第二十三張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月注意：在強調句型中，強調原因狀語從句時，只可用It is/was because that而不可用since 或 a

22、s引導原因狀語從句。由于她媽媽病了，她沒和我們一起去。It was because her mother was ill that she didnt go with us. 第二十四張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月還有一些介詞短語也可以表示原因。這類介詞短語有：thanks to, as a result of,because of, due to, owing to 等。e.g: 多虧了你的幫忙，我才通過了測驗。由于戰爭，許多人喪失了生命。 As a result of the war,many peoples lives were lost. Thanks to your he

23、lp, I passed the test.第二十五張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月由于需求的增加，一些商品提價了。Some articles have risen in price due to the increasing demand.那班列車因天氣惡劣而誤點。The train was late owing to the bad weather.第二十六張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月seeing that, considering that, in that 等也可以引導原因狀語從句。既然他沒有經驗，他就不合適這項工作。 Seeing (that) he is i

24、nexperienced, he is not fit for the work.考慮到這個時間交通很擁擠，我們只好再呆一會兒。Considering (that) the traffic is heavy this time of day, we will have to wait a little longer.第二十七張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月我喜歡這座城市，但我更喜歡鄉村，因為那里有更清新的空氣。I like the city, but I prefer the country in that there is fresher air.第二十八張，PPT共三十五頁，創作

25、于2022年6月注意: 1. before 引導的從句常用句型；It is long before （過了 好久才）It is not long before(過了不久就)2. till/ until (till 一般不放在句首) 持續性動詞（肯定式）+ until (直到為止)瞬間性動詞（否定式）+until (直到才)強調句型；It is not untilthat I waited until/till he had finished his work.3. since 譯為 自從來since+瞬間性動詞過去式，從該動作發生時第二十九張，PPT共三十五頁，創作于2022年6月4. 原因狀語從句的連 because/as/since because 引導原因狀語從句，說明直接原因。有時也用于推測性理由表示必然的因果關系?；卮饂hy 只能用because,在because 前可加 only， just等表示強調意義的 詞或否定詞not.在構成強調句型時，只能用 because從句 不能用since或 as