1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業專心-專注-專業精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業介詞和連詞中考命題趨勢考綱解讀(介詞和連詞在近5年考試中的考查點)1. 熟悉和掌握常用介詞和連詞的用法。2. 了解和運用一些常見的介詞短語及連詞的使用方法。3. 能正確區分并列連詞和從屬連詞，并掌握其用法。命題預測1. 介詞的考查方式以單項選擇的形式為主，也會在單詞拼寫、完形填空中進行考查。2. 據統計，介詞的常考點有：(1)表示時間的介詞，如：臨沂，17題；咸寧，30題。(2)表示地點方位的常用介詞，如：大慶，2題。(3)表示方式、手段或工具的介詞，如：云南，21題。

2、(4)介詞的常見搭配，如：徐州，7題。連詞的考點有：(1)并列連詞的用法，如：綏化，6題；臨沂,28題。(2)從屬連詞的用法，如：長春，13題；樂山，30題。3. 預計今后中考中介詞考查的重點將是其基本用法(同時也要注意介詞的常見搭配的情況)；連詞的考查將以并列連詞和從屬連詞基本含義為重點，也要注意考查連詞的特殊用法，比如：“就近原則”，不能出現在同一個句子中的連詞等。介詞知識點全覽介詞時間介詞in，on，at，after，before，since，until，by，during等方位介詞in，on，over，under，above，below，by，beside，near，next to，r

3、ound/around，between，among，into，out of等方式介詞by，in，on (表示交通方式) by，in，with，on(表示工具或手段等)常見易混淆介詞during與for；before與by；across，through，over與past；in，on與to；because，as與for；besides與except常用介詞搭配介詞與動詞：listen to等介詞與名詞：on time等介詞與形容詞：be afraid of等中考考點清單一、介詞概述：介詞又叫前置詞，是一種虛詞。介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞或者詞與句之間的關系的詞，在句中不能單獨作句子成分。介詞一定要

4、有賓語，充當賓語的一般有名詞、代詞或相當于名詞的其他詞、短語或句子。如：I am inschool. in the morningThanks forhelping me. What aboutgoing for a walk?二、介詞的句法功能：介詞不能獨立在句中作成分，介詞后必須與名詞、代詞或動名詞構成介詞短語在句中充當一個成分，表示人、物、事件等與其他人、物、事件等之間的關系。1. 作定語：The book on the table is mine. 2. 作狀語：We have breakfast at seven. (表時間)；They were late for meeting b

5、ecause of the heavy rain. (表原因)；They started the machine by pressing the button. (表方式)3. 作表語：My dictionary is in the bag. 4. 作賓語補足語：I found him in the office. 三、介詞分類：時間介詞；方位介詞；方式介詞；目的介詞；原因介詞；運動方向介詞；比較介詞等等。考點1時間介詞1. at表示“在某一時間點”，或用來表示不確定的時間和短期的假日、時節等。at six oclockat Easter2. in表示“在某一時間段”，如用在月份、季節、年份、

6、時代、世紀等前。in July/summer/ancient times/the 1900sin the morning/afternoon/evening3. on表示在特殊或具體的日子。on Saturday morningon the morning of August 1ston the Mid-Autumn Day【注意】當表示時間的名詞前有this/last/next/every等時，前面不需要加介詞。She will come back next week. They played basketball last night. 4. since，from與for(1)since指

7、從某時一直延續至今，后接時間點，與完成時連用。He has lived here since 1993. (2)from說明開始的時間，謂語可用過去、現在、將來的某種時態。From now on，I will learn English in the morning. (3)for指動作延續貫穿整個過程，后接時間段，表示“持續時間”。常與完成時連用。I have studied English for six years. 5. after與in(1)after與時間段連用，用于過去時。They finished the work after two years. (2)after與時間點連用

8、，用于將來時。Ill ring you up after two oclock. (3)in與時間段連用，指“在之后”，表示從說話起的一段時間后，常與將來時連用。The bus will be here in ten minutes. 6. by“到以前為止” “by+時間點”表示“在之前”，如果by后跟一個過去的時間點應用過去完成時。We had learned 1，000 English words by the end of last term. 7. “during+時間段”“在期間”，與延續性動詞連用表示某期間的動作或狀態。He lives with us during these

9、years. 8. until用于否定句中，意為“直到才”，其前的謂語動詞多用瞬間性動詞；用于肯定句中，意為“直到為止”，其前的謂語動詞須用延續性動詞。I didnt leave until my mother came home. I waited for my mother until she came home. 9. before和after 表示時間，分別意為“在之前”和“在之后”。Please bring your homework before ten oclock. 考點2方位介詞表示事物存在的方向和位置的介詞，我們稱之為方位介詞。如in(在里)，behind (在后面)，do

10、wn (向下)等。其中有些方位介詞的意義比較接近，但在用法上有一定的差別，如on，over，above 都有“在之上”的意思，但用法卻不盡相同。這里，我們可以用圖示配以簡短的文字敘述來說明這些介詞的不同用法。介詞圖示意義例句1in在 之內The students are reading in the classroom. 學生們在教室里讀書。2on在 上面The boat is on the river. 那條船在河上。3over在 (正)上方There are several bridges over the river. 河上有好幾座橋。4under在 (正)下方The boat sail

11、ed under the bridge. 船在橋下行駛。5above在 上方The plane flew above the clouds. 飛機在云上飛行。6below在 下方The sun sinks below the horizon. 太陽沉到地平線下。7by在 旁邊Our house is by the river. 我們的房子在河邊。besideCome and sit beside me. 過來坐在我旁邊。8near在 附近I dont need a car because I live near the city centre. 我不需要汽車，因為我住的地方靠近市中心。9nex

12、t to緊挨My best friend sits next to me in class. 上課時我最好的朋友坐在我的旁邊。10behind在 后面Oliver hid behind a tree. 奧利弗藏在一棵樹后面。11before在 之前He made a speech before a large audience. 他在許多觀眾面前發表了講話。12outside在 外面He parked his car outside the theater. 他把汽車停在劇場外面。13to到 去We walked to the fruit shop. 我們步行去了水果店。14from從 來We

13、 traveled to London from Edingburgh. 我們從愛丁堡旅行到倫敦。15round/ around圍繞All sat around the table. 所有的人圍著桌子坐。16between在之間 (指兩者)The letter B is between A and C. 字母B在A和C之間。17among在之間 (指三者或三者以上)The house stands among the trees. 房子在樹叢中。18across橫過、越過If the road is busy，dont walk across it. 如果道路交通繁忙，就不要橫穿馬路。19th

14、rough穿過We drove through the tunnel. 我們開車穿過了隧道。20onto(強調動作) 向上The people lifted the baskets onto the trucks. 人們把籃子運上了卡車。21into(強調動作) 進入They put the apples into the baskets. 他們把蘋果放進了籃子里。22out of從出來Dont look out of the window in class. 上課時不要朝窗外看。23along沿著Walk along this street，and then turn left，you ca

15、n see the post office. 沿著這條街走，然后向左拐，你就可以看到郵局。24up向上The monkeys climb- ed up the trees to pick the bananas. 猴子爬到樹上去摘香蕉。25down向下The ball is rolling down the hill. 球正往山下滾。考點3方式介詞1. by+動詞-ing表示“通過方式”The blind learn something by touching. 盲人通過觸摸學習東西。2. by+交通工具表示“搭乘”by bus乘公共汽車by ship乘船by taxi乘出租車by train

16、乘火車by plane乘飛機【注意】by car=in a/his car 坐車；by plane=in a plane坐飛機；by bike=in a bike騎自行車3.“by+水陸空狀態詞”也表示交通方式。by road公路運輸；乘汽車by land陸地運輸by sea海路運輸；乘船by water水路運輸；乘船by air航空運輸；坐飛機4. by+通訊方式表示“用作為聯系方式”by letter書信聯系；以書信的方式by express快遞by e-mail郵件聯系5. by固定搭配：by hand手工制作；用手by far到目前為止by the time到的時候by name用的名

17、字by the name of名叫的6. in+語言表示“用語言”in Chinese 用中文7. in固定搭配in time及時on time準時in the sun在陽光下in a moment立刻in no time立刻in life在生活中in a low/high voice低聲說/高聲說8. with+具體的工具或五官表示“用”eat with a spoon用勺子吃write with a pencil用鉛筆寫We see with our eyes，and hear with our ears. 我們用眼睛看，用耳朵聽。9. be made of/from由制成The desk

18、 is made of wood. 這個書桌是用木頭做的。Bread is made from wheat. 面包是小麥做的。10. be made in+地名在某地制造Most of the phones are made in China. 大多數手機在中國制造。考點4常見易混淆介詞辨析1. 時間介詞during與for的用法辨析(1)當所指的時間起止分明時用介詞duringHe swims every day during the summer. (2)for后接時間段，常與完成時連用I havent seen her for years. 2. 時間介詞before與by的用法辨析(1

19、)介詞before表示“在之前”He wont come back before five. (2)介詞by表示“到時為止，不遲于”The work must be finished by Friday. 3. 方位介詞across，through，over與past的用法辨析(1)介詞across著重于“從一頭或一邊到另一頭或另一邊”，強調從表面穿過。She went across the street to make some purchases. (2)介詞through著重于“穿越”，強調從一定的空間內穿過。The sunlight was coming in through the

20、windows. (3)介詞over多表示從“上方越過”。He failed to go over the mountain；he had to go round it. (4)介詞past表示從“面前經過”。Someone has just gone past the window. 4. 地點介詞in，on與to的用法辨析(1)介詞in表示“包含”Beijing is in the north of China. (2)介詞on表示“緊鄰”Canada lies on the north of the U. S. (3)介詞to表示“沒接觸”France lies to the south

21、 of England. 5.介詞besides與except的用法辨析(1)介詞besides表示“除之外(全部計算在內)”We have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang. (2)介詞except表示“除之外(不計算在內)”We are all Chinese except Tom in our class. 考點5一些固定搭配(1)介詞與動詞的搭配listen to，laugh at，get to，look for，wait for，hear from，turn on，turn off，worry about，think of，look after，s

22、pend. on. 等。(2)介詞與名詞的搭配on time，in time，by bus，on foot，with pleasure，on ones way to，in trouble，at breakfast，at the end of，in the end等。(3)介詞與形容詞的搭配be late for，be afraid of，be good at，be interested in，be angry with，be full of，be sorry for等。連詞知識點全覽連詞并列連詞并列關系and，both.and.，not only.but also.，neither.nor.選

23、擇關系or，either.or.轉折關系but，while（然而）.因果關系for，so.從屬連詞引導狀語從句時間關系：when，while，after，until，as soon as.條件關系：if，unless，as long as.原因關系：because，as，since.讓步關系：though，although，even if,even though.結果關系：so.that.，such.that.，目的關系：so that.，in order that.地點關系：where.方式關系：as.比較關系：as.as.，not as/so.as.，.than.引導名詞性從句that，i

24、f，whether，who，whose，what，which，where.一、連詞概述連詞是連接單詞、短語或句子的一種虛詞。在句中不單獨作句子成分。歷年中考中常考并列連詞and，but，neither. nor. ；從屬連詞now that，though，when等。二、基礎知識梳理1. 并列連詞用來連接并列的詞、短語或句子。并列連詞有and，or，but，so，for，nor等。2. 并列連詞和連接性副詞存在以下區別：(1)連接兩個獨立的分句時，并列連詞只能放在第二個分句的句首，前面通常有逗號。I must work hard，for I still have a long way to g

25、o. They all went，but I didnt go. (2)連接性副詞的位置比較靈活，句中、句首、句末都可以。但是放在句首較為普遍。Mother was ill. Therefore，she stayed at home yesterday. =Mother was ill. She，therefore，stayed at home yesterday. 中考考點聚焦考點1介詞例1(上海)Frank is an independent boy. His parents are proud _ him.A. On B. to C. in D. of解析：句意：Frank是個獨立的孩子

26、，他父母以他為榮。本題考查固定介詞搭配。“對某人感到驕傲”表達為“be proud of sb.”答案：D例2(綏化)An earthquake happened in Songyuan, Jilin_ the morning ofMay28,.A. on B. in C. atD. for解析：句意：“5月28日上午，吉林松陽發生了地震。” 本題考查時間介詞。由題意可知，這是強調具體的某一天的上午，所以使用介詞on。答案：A考點2連詞例1 (長春)The sky is much bluer _ we have taken action to protect the environment.A

27、. becauseB. beforeC. untilD. unless解析：句意：“因為我們采取了措施來保護環境，所以天空更藍了。”由題意可知，本題考查原因狀語從句連詞。所以使用because。答案：A例2 (綏化)Work hard, _youll catch up with your classmates next timeA. and B. or C. butD. for解析：句意：“努力吧，下次你會趕上你的同學的”。本題考查并列連詞。根據句意可知，這里表示順承關系。答案：A中考真題演練考點1介詞1. (連云港)Im thirsty. Id like a glass of orange

28、juice. What about you, Dad? I prefer a cup of coffee _A_nothing in it.A. with B. without C. for D. to2. (呼和浩特)Bysuprs, he ns he nohng coon. A. h;nBo;nC. n;nDo;of3. (河南)I stopped _B_the night in a small village while I was on holiday in the Himalayas a few years ago.A. at B. for C. until D. through4.

29、 (昆明)Tony, dont eat _A _ class.Sorry, I wont do it again.A. in B. on C. to D. by5. (北京)Happy birthday, Peter! Heres a giftA you.A. for B. in C. with D. from6. (齊齊哈爾)My younger brother was born _B _the night of June21st. He is very cute.A. in B. on C. at 7. (廣東)Its very kind _A_ you to lend me your r

30、eusable shopping bags.A. of B. for C. to D. with8. (南京)Over 10, 000 runners joined a half and a mini marathons in Xianlin, Nanjing _B_ May 7, . A. in B. on C. at D. by9. (海南)Zhao is going to theairport_C _taxi.inB.onC.by10. (河北)Just walk down this road and youll see the museum _A_ your right.A. onB.

31、 inC. atD. by11. (河北)Mom wont let Dick go out _D_ he promises to be back by 10:00 tonight.A. ifB. whenC. sinceD. unless12. (宿遷)Your gloves should be made _ D _ leather, for they feel soft and smooth.A. in B. on C. for D. of13. (孝感) Its not necessary to find a friend who is the sameByou.A. inB. asC.

32、toD. from14. (南通)When I walked D the south side of the square，I happened to meet our English teacherA. across B. around C. through D. along15. (咸寧)- Thanks _our government, we can play sports on the new playground nextweek.- Thats for sure! And well have a sports meeting _A_ one month.A. for; inB. t

33、o; inC. for; afterD. to; after16. (武漢)- Whatare you doing?- Im looking_C the kids. They should be back for lunch nowA. after B.at C.for D.up17. (無錫) Lets put the piano over there, _B_ the wall.A. aboveB. againstC. acrossD. around18. (無錫)Im planning to climb Mount Huang this summer. Would you like to

34、 come along?Wow! That would be exciting _A_ challenging. Im in!A. as well asB. as good asC. as long asD. as far as19. (天津)In the picture, he sits _A_me, looking very happy.A. beside B. among C. up D. through20. (蘇州)Scared by the loud noise, the rabbits ran offCall directions.A. on B. at C. in D. by2

35、1. (上海)Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the World Cup_B_July.A. on B. in C. at D. of22. (南京)Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon _B_20 July 1969.A. in B. on C. at D. for23. (龍東)Stephen Hawking was famousCa scientist, he made a great contribution to the world, and he died Mar

36、ch 14th, .A. for; on B. as; inC. as; on D. for; in24. (連云港)Bill,didyouseeTom?Yes,hejustparkedhiscarhereandthenhurried Dthestreet.A. throughB. overC. pastD. across25. (東營)It is said that children in South Korea have to hike and walk through mountains at nightCtheir military(軍事的) training.-Really? So

37、their training is much harder than ours.A. afterB. sinceC. duringD. before考點2連詞1. (長春)Work hard and be patient, _A_ your dream wont come true.A. orB. andC. butD. so2. (揚州)Hawking is no longer with us,Che will continue to inspire the world.A. so B. if C. but D. as3. (孝感)BSquare Dancing is good exerci

38、se for the old, sometimes it makes a lot of noise.A. IfB. AlthoughC. UntilD. Because4. (咸寧)HayPoer s Cn neeng noel Ianto ead tagan. Iagee h ou.A. o;hatB. oo;oC. uch;hatD.;as5. (無錫)He stayed up very late that night. _D_ he woke up in the morning, the sun was already high up in the sky.A. UntilB. Afte

39、rC. WhileD. As6. (天津) Tony was drawing a picture_C_ I was doing my homework.A. if B. because C. while D. until7. (隨州)Some people wont realize the importance of their healthD they lose it.A. because B. after C. when D. until8. (蘇州)Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the nearest underground station?

40、Walk straight on C you see a white building. Its right there.A. though B. since C. until D. if9. (沈陽)My grandparents wrote letters to keep in touch with others_A_ they were young.A. when B. since C. after D. before10. (上海)Peter spent half a day fishing by the river,_D_he didnt catch anything.A. so B

41、. or C. for D. but11. (上海)Mr Black walked around and offered help_A_we were doing an experiment.A. while B. although C. until D. unless12. (南京)Mexican and Tex-Mex foods were popular in the USA, _B_ now Chinese food has more fans.A. because B. but C. so D. unless13. (臨沂) When you are in your school d

42、ining hall during lunchtime, you may feel lonely _B_ you can find someone to have lunch with.A. if B. unlessC. after D. because14. (蘭州) In summer, food will go bad quickly _B_ we put it into a fridge.A. if B. unless C. as soon as D. while15. (昆明) _C_I have lost everything in this terrible earthquake, I have not lost my life.A. Because