1、光伏并網發電技術及標準研發中心 趙為 8/26/20221一、 背景 我國豐富的陽光資源和電池組件價格的下降中國日益緊張的電力供需矛盾資源與環境問題突出下一頁8/26/20222二、 光伏發電系統的組成 獨立供電系統 PV組件 蓄電池 充放電控制器 并網系統 PV組件 并網逆變器 雙向計量裝置 公用電網DC負載逆變器 + AC負載下一頁8/26/20223三、并網逆變器的種類 1.直接耦合系統 2.工頻隔離系統 3.高頻隔離系統 4.高頻不隔離系統下一頁8/26/20224四、 光伏并網發電的關鍵技術 組件的絕緣技術 光伏陣列的最大功率跟蹤技術（MPPT） 并網逆變器的設計、制造 孤島效應保護

2、技術 電能雙向計量技術 夜間零耗電技術 電磁兼容性 其他的安全問題（如防雷）下一頁8/26/20225五、 光伏并網系統的三大趨勢 光伏建筑（BIPV）（15kW）：各國發展迅猛； 大型光伏電站 （LPVGS）（100kW100MW）：適合在我國廣闊西部地區推廣； 小功率光伏并網模塊 （AC MODULE）由于效率不高， 安全性差等問題，發展前景黯淡。下一頁8/26/202266.1 采用工頻變壓器隔離的單相并網逆變器系統六、 用于光伏建筑的并網逆變器技術方案8/26/202276.2 采用直流升壓、高頻變壓器隔離的單相并網逆變器系統六、 用于光伏建筑的并網逆變器技術方案8/26/202286

3、.3 采用工頻變壓器隔離的大功率三相并網逆變器系統六、 用于光伏建筑的并網逆變器技術方案8/26/20229七、 大型光伏電站的技術方案1.多重疊加技術 10MW 系統下一頁8/26/2022102.多機并聯技術 150MW 系統下一頁8/26/2022113.多電平直接逆變技術 50100MW 系統下一頁8/26/202212八、 光伏并網發電相關的標準（TC82）NO1. IEC 60891：1987, procedures for temperature and irradiance corrections to measured I-V characteristics of cryst

4、alline silicon photovoltaic (PV) devices. Amendment NO1.NO2. IEC 60904-1：1987, PV Part1：Measurements of PV current-voltage characteristics.NO3. IEC 60904-2：1989, Photovoltaic devices-Part2：Requirements for reference solar cells.NO4. IEC 60904-3：1989, Photovoltaic devices-Part3：Measurement principles

5、 for terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) solar devices with reference spectral irradiance data.NO5. IEC 60904-5：1993, Photovoltaic devices-Part5：Determination of the equivalent cell temperature (ECT) of photovoltaic (PV) devices by the open-circuit voltage method.NO6. IEC 60904-6：1994, Photovoltaic device

6、s-Part6：Requirements for reference solar modules.下一頁8/26/202213NO7. IEC 60904-7：1995, Photovoltaic devices-Part7 ：Computation of spectral mismatch error introduced in the testing of a photovoltaic device.NO8. IEC 60904-8：1995, Photovoltaic devices-Part8 ：Guidance for the measurement of spectral resp

7、onse of a photovoltaic device. Second edition (1998).NO9. IEC 60904-9：1995, Photovoltaic devices-Part9：Solar simulator performance requirements.NO10. IEC 60904-8：1998, Photovoltaic devices-Part10：Methods of linearity measurement.NO11. IEC 61173：1992, Overvoltage protection for photovoltaic (PV) powe

8、r generating systems-Guide.NO12. IEC 61194：1993, Characteristics parameters of stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) systems.下一頁8/26/202214NO13. IEC 61215：1993, Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules. Design Qualification and type approval.NO14. IEC 61277：1995, Guide:General description o

9、f photovoltaic (PV) power generating systems.NO15. IEC 61345：1998, UV test for photovoltaic (PV) modules. NO16. IEC 61427, Secondary cells and batteries for photovoltaic (PV) energy systems-General requirements and methods of test.NO17. IEC 61646：1996, Thin film silicon terrestrial PV modules-Design

10、 Qualification and type approval.NO18. IEC 61683：1999, PV system-power conditioners-procedures for measuring efficiency.NO19. IEC 61701：1995, Salt mist corrosion testing of photovoltaic (PV) modules. NO20. IEC 61702：1995, Rating of direct coupled photovoltaic (PV) pumping systems.下一頁8/26/202215下一頁NO

11、21. IEC 61721:1995, Susceptibility of a photovoltaic (PV) module to accidental impact damage (resistance to impact test).NO22. IEC 61724:1998, Photovoltaic system performance monitoring-Guidelines for measurement, data exchange and analysis.NO23. IEC 61725:1997, Analytiacl expression for daily solar

12、 profiles.NO24. IEC 61727:1995, Photovoltaic systems-Characteristics of the utility interface.NO25. IEC 61730 Photovoltaic system safety qualification-part1:Requirement for construction.NO26. IEC 61829:1995, Crystalline silicon PV array-On-site measurement of I-V characteristics. NO27. IEC 61830:199

13、7, Solar photovoltaic energy system-terms and symbols.NO28. IEC 61853 Performance testing and energy rating of terrestrial photovoltaic modules.8/26/202216NO329. IEC 62078 Certification and accreditation program for photovoltaic (PV) components and systems-Guidelines for a total quality system.NO30.

14、 IEC 62093, BOS components-Environmental reliability testing- Design qualification and type approval.NO31. IEC 62108 Concentrator photovoltaic (PV) receivers and modules- Design qualification and type approval.NO32. IEC 62109 Electrical safety of static inverters and charge controllers for use in ph

15、otovoltaic (PV) power systems. NO33. IEC 62116 Testing procedure-Islanding prevention measures for power conditions use in grid connected photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems. NO34. IEC 62124 Photovoltaic stand-alone systems- Design qualification and type approval.NO35. IEC 62145 Crystalline s

16、ilicon PV modules-Blank detail specification.NO36. IEC 62234 Safety guidelines for grid connected photovoltaic (PV) systems mounted on building.下一頁8/26/202217NO37. IEC 62253 Direct coupled photovoltaic (PV) pumping systems- Design qualification and type approval.NO38. IEC 62257 Specifications for th

17、e use of renewable energies in rural decentralised electrification.NO39. IEC/PAS 62111 Specifications for the use of renewable energies in rural decentralised electrification.NO40. PNW 82-263 Maximum Power Point Tracking.IEEE Codes and StandardsABBREVIATIONS:ANW=Approved New Work PNW=Proposed New Wo

18、rkCDM=Committee draft to be discussed in at meeting.PWI=Potential New Work Item.下一頁8/26/202218九、 目前急需貫徹的標準 1.IEC61727-1995 Photovoltaic system-characteristics of the utility interface.2.IEEE929-2000 Recommended practice for Utility Interface of PV system.3.IEC61215-1993 單晶硅電池標準. crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules. Design Qualification and type approval. 4.IEC60304 Electrical Installations of building.5.IEC61000 EMC standards.6.GB/T 并網光伏發電系統技術要求. 7. UL1741-1999 Standard for Static Inverters and Charge Controllers fo