1、并列句/賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句并列復(fù)合句 :由并列連詞( and, but, or, so, not onlybut also, however, neither nor, eitheror, still)把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的獨(dú)立的分句連接而成的句子叫做并列句。并列句之間的關(guān)系有并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、因果等關(guān)系。1. 并列關(guān)系 He is a lovely boy and he is helpful.他很可愛(ài)，樂(lè)于助人。2轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 I can come, but will be a little late.我能來(lái)，但是要稍晚一些。3. 選擇關(guān)系 Either give a hand, or leave

2、right away.或者幫忙，或者立刻離開(kāi)。4. 因果關(guān)系 She is kind to the others, so all of us love her. 她對(duì)別人很好，所以我們都喜歡她。賓語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1、掌握引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的各種連詞 2、掌握賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序主句+連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) 3、掌握賓語(yǔ)從句，主句與從句在時(shí)態(tài)上的呼應(yīng)。重難點(diǎn)：語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng), ；疑問(wèn)詞+不定式的轉(zhuǎn)化；狀語(yǔ)從句的辨析一賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞：1.連詞that，只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，也無(wú)詞匯意義，在口語(yǔ)中常被省略。eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.2.連詞if 、

3、whether，它們起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口語(yǔ)中多用if。eg. Tom dont know if/whether his grandpa liked the present. He asked me whether or not I was coming.一般情況下，if 和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether： = 1 * GB3 在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided. = 2 * GB3 在介詞前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going

4、to rain. = 3 * GB3 與or not連用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.1.連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which，連接副詞when, where, why, how， 它們起連接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意義。eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in. I wonder where he got so much money.【注意】1、由連接代、副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可以和“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)化。e

5、g. I dont know how I should do with the presents. I dont know how to do with the presents.2、要注意區(qū)分判斷由if、when引導(dǎo)的從句類型.二賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序：賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序是陳述語(yǔ)序，即“連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其它成分”。特別強(qiáng)調(diào)：它的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)序是陳述語(yǔ)序，而不是疑問(wèn)句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?()Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( )The teacher asked the studen

6、ts what they were doing.(思考: what在從句中的成分)陳述句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí),要注意人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,語(yǔ)序不變。 eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” She said she would leave a message on the desk.一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí),也要注意人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,后面接陳述語(yǔ)序。Eg. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him. I asked him where the tickets are.三賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)：賓語(yǔ)從句

7、中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，常常受到主句謂語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的制約，此為時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)。如果主句謂語(yǔ)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)不受限制；如果主句謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句一般要隨著改為相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。eg. I thought (that) you are free today. () I thought (that) you would be free today. ( )【注意】當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句敘述的是客觀真理時(shí)，不管主句謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)如何，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。eg. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around

8、 the sun.其他需要說(shuō)明的問(wèn)題：標(biāo)點(diǎn)由主句決定，如主句是陳述句、祈使句，則用句號(hào)；是疑問(wèn)句則用問(wèn)號(hào)。eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you tell me which bus I should take?要注意個(gè)別句子中主從句人稱的一致。五、 賓語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)分：eg. 1) I will go out tomorrow if it is fine. 2) I dont know if the train has arrived.句1中if引導(dǎo)的是狀語(yǔ)從句。這個(gè)從句表示“條件”，修飾主句。整個(gè)句子的意思是如果明天天氣好

9、，我就出去。句2中if引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞dont know的賓語(yǔ)。整個(gè)句子的意思是我不知道火車是否到達(dá)。判斷方法：可以從整個(gè)句式看。狀語(yǔ)從句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面（個(gè)別除外），賓語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后。從引導(dǎo)詞看。if充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞時(shí)，相當(dāng)于whether， 詞義為“是否”，充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞時(shí)，詞義為“如果”。when充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞時(shí)，意為“什么時(shí)候”，充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞時(shí)，意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”。從時(shí)態(tài)看。if和when作連接詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句要注意：從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化。if和when充當(dāng)從屬連詞時(shí)，引導(dǎo)條件和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，

10、若主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，則從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。賓語(yǔ)從句的口訣賓語(yǔ)從句三注意，時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)序、引導(dǎo)詞。從句時(shí)態(tài)主句定， 陳述語(yǔ)序要牢記。 主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)隨句義。主句若是過(guò)去時(shí)，主從時(shí)態(tài)要一致。賓從表達(dá)是真理，客觀真理仍現(xiàn)在。 引導(dǎo)詞也不難，陳述句that可省略。碰到特殊疑問(wèn)句， 疑問(wèn)詞來(lái)?yè)?dān)此任。 一單項(xiàng)選擇1.I dont know _ he will come or not. BAhowBwhetherCweatherDwhen2.Can you tell me _they will come back? BAwhereBwhenCwhichDwho3The stor

11、y _I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers. C Awhose Bwho Cthat Dwhere 4The students_ I met in a football game are my best friends now. C A. when Bwhich Cwho Dwhose 6He said that light _much faster than sound. C Ahas travelled B. travelling C. travels D. travelled 7Could y

12、ou tell me _？ C Its twenty minutes ride by bike.A. how can I get to your school Bhow much it costs to get to your school Chow far it is from your home to your schoolDhow long does it take me to get to your school8. The manager asked the man_. The man answered “Yes”. CAwhat the story was about Bwhen

13、did the story happenCif the story was true Dwhether had he heard the story9Helen will call me up when she _in Shijia zhuang. DA. arrive Bwill arrive Carrived Darrives10。 I dont know _. AAwhen the train will leave Bwhen will the train leave Cthe train will leave when11If you _ your homework，you can g

14、o out to play football. AAfinish Bwill finish Care finishing二填空1. The first thing _we should do is to tell him the good news. that2The new-designed car is on show. I wonder _it costs. how much 3. The teacher asked Li Hua _ he was late for class. Why4.Excuse me，could you please tell me_ Suxian Mounta

15、in is？ whereSorry，Im new here.I dont know the way，either.直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)一、如何變?nèi)朔Q：直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果從句中的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱變化如：She said. My brother wants to go with me. She said her brother wanted to go with her.“直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，若從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第二人稱。或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語(yǔ)一致。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)。也可以用第一人稱，如：He s

16、aid to Kate. How is your sister now?He asked Kate how her sister was then。“直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)。如果從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如：Mr Smith said。 Jack is a good worker。Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker。二、如何變時(shí)態(tài)：直接引語(yǔ)在改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)、時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在范疇的時(shí)態(tài)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)，則間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞仍保持直接引語(yǔ)原來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)按

17、下列變化：（1） 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)（2） 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（3） 一般將來(lái)時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)（4） 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)（5） 一般過(guò)去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^(guò)去完成時(shí)（6） 過(guò)去完成時(shí)不變，仍為過(guò)去完成時(shí)要注意在以下幾種情況：（1） 如果直接引語(yǔ)是表示客觀真理時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：The teacher said The earth goes round the sun.The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.（2）直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、某日作狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如： He s

18、aid to me, I was born in 1973.He told me that he was born in 1973.(3)如果直接引語(yǔ)所述事實(shí)在當(dāng)時(shí)和目前同樣生效，變?yōu)殚g接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)不改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：He said, Im a boy, not a girl.He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.(4) 直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：The girl said, I get up at six every morning.The girl said that she gets

19、 up at six every morning.(5)如果直接引語(yǔ)中含有since, when, while 引導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句，在變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，只改變主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，從句的一般過(guò)去時(shí)則不變。如：He said to me, I have taught English since he came here .He told me that he had taught English since he came here.(6)如果直接引語(yǔ)中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must, need, had better以及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式could, might, should, would,在變?yōu)?/p>

20、間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，這些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)的改變。例如：The teacher said to me . You must pay more attention to your pronunciation. The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.He said , I could swim when I was only six .He said that he could swim when he was only six.(7) 直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：Jack

21、said. John, where were you going when I met you in the street?Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。三、如何變狀語(yǔ)：直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)津，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來(lái)”（例：now變?yōu)閠hen, yesterday。變?yōu)?the day before）地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，尤其表示方向性的，或用指示代詞修飾的狀語(yǔ)，由“此”改為“彼”（例：this 改為that),如：He said, These books are mine. He

22、said those books were his.四如何變句型：直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：She said, Our bus will arrive in five minutes.She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.直接引語(yǔ)如果是反意疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句或一般疑問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句.如：He said, Can you swim, John? He asked John if he could swim.You have finished the

23、homework, havent you? my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.Do you go to school by bus or by bike? He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.直接引語(yǔ)如果是特殊問(wèn)句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該改為由疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序）。She asked me, When do they have their dinner? She asked me when t

24、hey had their dinner.直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)改為tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth.句型。如：Dont make any noise, she said to the children. She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. Bring me a cup of tea, please, said she.She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.直接引語(yǔ)如果是以“Lets”開(kāi)頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用

25、“suggest +動(dòng)句詞（或從句）。”如：He said, Lets go to the film. He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.引述別人的話有兩種方式：一是使用引號(hào)引出人家的原話，這叫做直接引語(yǔ)；一是用自己的話把人家的話轉(zhuǎn)述出來(lái)，這叫做間接引語(yǔ)。例如：John said, Im going to London with my father.約翰說(shuō)：我要和父親到倫敦去。（引號(hào)內(nèi)是直接引語(yǔ)）John said that he was going to Londo

26、n with his father. 約翰說(shuō)，他要和他父親去倫敦。（賓語(yǔ)從句是間接引語(yǔ)）五、由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)的幾種情況：1 直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句時(shí)間接引語(yǔ)為that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（口語(yǔ)中that可以省略），主句的引述動(dòng)詞主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。He said , You are younger than I.-He said (that ) I was younger than him. 2.直接引語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)句時(shí)間接引語(yǔ)為陳述語(yǔ)序：主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞say 改為ask,或改為wonder, do not know, want to know, b

27、e not sure, be puzzled等。（1） 一般疑問(wèn)句或反意疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閕f (whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。She said, Do you often come here to read newspapers?She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.She asked me , You have seen the film, havent you?She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.（2） 選擇疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閣hether.or 賓語(yǔ)從句。

28、I asked him, Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.(3)特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橛稍瓉?lái)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。He asked , Where do you live?He asked me where I lived.3.直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句時(shí)間接引語(yǔ)為不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（dont 變?yōu)閚ot ）.The teacher

29、said to the boy, Open the window.The teacher told the boy to open the window.His father said to him , Dont leave the door open.His father told him not to leave the door open.注意（1） 有些表示建議、提議、勸告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等動(dòng)詞 加以轉(zhuǎn)述。例如：He said, Lets go to the theatre.He suggested (our )going to the theatr

30、e.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.(2) Would you mind opening the window? he asked.He asked me to open the window.Why dont you take a walk after supper? he asked .he advised me to take a walk after supper.Shall we listen to the music? he asked.He suggested listening to the music.4.直接引

31、語(yǔ)是感嘆句時(shí)間接引語(yǔ)為what 或how 引導(dǎo)，也可以用that 引導(dǎo)。She said, What a lovely day it is !She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.5.代詞等一般地應(yīng)作用相應(yīng)的變化，變化方法見(jiàn)下表。在直接引語(yǔ)中在間接引語(yǔ)中指示代詞thisthatthesethose 表示時(shí)間的詞now thentodaythat daythis week(month ,etc)that week (month ,etc)yesterday the day before last

32、 week(month ,etc) the week(month ,etc) beforethree days (a year ,etc) ago three days (a year. etc) beforetomorrow the next (following ) day next week (month ,etc) the next (following ) week (month ,etc)表地點(diǎn)的詞herethere 動(dòng)詞bring take comego 1Have you seen the doctor? He asked me. （兩并一）He asked me if / w

33、hether I had seen a docto2How can we get to the science museum? Could you tell us?（兩句并一句）Could you tell me how we can get to the science museum?3.“Please tell me what happened ,Helen”,her teacher said. Her teacher asked Helen_ _ _ what _happened.4. Mother said,” Dont put it on this table.” Mother to

34、ld me _ _ _it on _table.5. “Ill go to your farm tomorrow,”he said to her. _told _ that he _ _ _ _farm_ _ _.6. She asked when the sports meet would begin. She asked,”_ _the sports meet _?”定語(yǔ)從句【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】 掌握定語(yǔ)從句的意義及作用。 區(qū)別各類引導(dǎo)詞。 【知識(shí)要點(diǎn)】 在復(fù)合句中 ， 修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句 ， 被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞 ， 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的有關(guān)系代詞 who, whom, whose,

35、 which, that等和關(guān)系副詞where, when, why等 ， 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)任句子成份。 1.由who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中 ， who用作主語(yǔ) ， 如 ： This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，whom用作賓語(yǔ)，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home. 3.由whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中 ， whose用作定語(yǔ) ， 如 ： Do you know the girl whose skirt is white? 4.由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，wh

36、ich用作主語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，如： The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. This is the pen which you want. 注意 ： (1)whom, which用作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí) ， 介詞可放在 whom、which之前 ， 也可放在從句原來(lái)的位置上；但在含有介詞的動(dòng)詞固定詞組中，介詞只能放在原來(lái)的位置上。如： He is the very person whom we must take g

37、ood care of. (2)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，必須用關(guān)系代詞which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much. (3)關(guān)系代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致。 5.由that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，that可以指人或物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，但不能放在介詞后面作介詞賓語(yǔ)，如： The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun. 注意在下面幾種情況下必須用 that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 (1)先行詞是不定代詞all, few, lit

38、tle, much, something, nothing, anything等 ， 如 ： All that we have to do is to practise English. (2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾，如 The first letter that I got from him will be kept. (3)先行詞被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修飾 ， 如 Ive eaten up all the food that you gave me. (4)先行詞被the only, the very, th

39、e same, the last修飾時(shí)如 He is the only person that I want to talk with. (5)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，如: They talked about persons and things that they met. (6)當(dāng)句中已有who時(shí) ， 為避免重復(fù) ， 如 ： Who is the man that is giving us the class? 6.由when, where, why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，如: I dont know the reason why he was late. This is the place whe

40、re we have lived for 5 years. Ill never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time. 注意：先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)，如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是及物的，就用 that(which)，如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物的，就用where引導(dǎo)。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.) 7. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 (1)限制性定語(yǔ)從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句

41、之間不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，這些關(guān)系代詞都不能省略。 (2)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明 ， 沒(méi)有這種從句 ， 不影響主句意思的完整 ， 一般用逗號(hào)把主句和從句分開(kāi) ， 關(guān)系代詞用 which,不用that;指人時(shí)可用who,如 ： I have two brothers, who are both students. 8如何簡(jiǎn)化定語(yǔ)從句（1）.定語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。如:My grandfather lives in a village that is far away

42、 from here.My grandfather lives in a village far away from here.我祖父住在離這兒很遠(yuǎn)的一個(gè)村子。This is a book that is worth reading.This is a book worth reading. 這是一本值得看的書(shū)。（2） 定語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為現(xiàn)在分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作前置或后置定語(yǔ)。The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher.The man standing under the tree is our English tea

43、cher.站在樹(shù)下面的那個(gè)人是我們的英語(yǔ)老師。I saw the house that was burning at that time.I saw the burning house at that time.當(dāng)時(shí)我看到那房子在燃燒。（3）定語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。I like to see the films which are directed by Zhang Yimou.I like to see the films directed by Zhang Yimou. 我喜歡看張藝謀導(dǎo)演的電影。She is the girl who was praised at the school meeting.She is the girl praised at the school meeting. 她就是在校會(huì)上受表彰的那個(gè)女孩。（4）定語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。He is always the first person that comes to school.He is always the first person to come to school.他總是第一個(gè)到校。The report which will be given tomorrow