1、工作中的年齡歧視精品資料僅供學習與交流，如有侵權請聯系網站刪除 謝謝 精品資料僅供學習與交流，如有侵權請聯系網站刪除謝謝 工作中的年齡歧視英語專四閱讀模擬試題：工作中的年齡歧視Rece ntly. Con gressi onal Democrats in troduced legislatio n to make it easier for older workers to win age discrimination lawsuits. Age discrimination remains a significant workplace issue.In rece nt ten years,

2、 15.79 perce nt of cases brought to the Equal Employme nt Opport unity Commissio n, were described as successful claims. While this nu mber is small given the number of workers covered by the Age Discrimination in Employme nt Act, many, if not most, i nsta nces of age discrim in ati on are n ever su

3、ed, and cases hiri ng discrim in ati on ofte n go un detected.Most of those who do sue are white, male middle-ma nagers who are likely to have lost a sizeable salary and pension. For the most part, other groups do not sue because the costs of a lawsuit outweigh the pote ntial ben efits. Age discrimi

4、 natio n remai ns a sig nifica nt workplace issue.There is strong experime ntal evide nee for age discrim in ati on in hiri ng, at least for en try-level jobs. Rece ntly, I performed a labor market experime nt in Bost on in whichI sent out thousa nds of resumes for fictitious 虛構的）en try-level female

5、 can didates and measured resp onse rate based on date of high school graduati on. Among this group, youn ger applica nts, whose date of high school graduati on in dicated that they were less tha n 50 years old, were 40 perce nt more likely to be called back for an in terview tha n were older applic

6、a nts.It is difficult to tell whether employment problems are worse for older workers than for other workers whe n times are bad. The nu mber of discrimi natio n lawsuits in creases duri ng times of high un employme nt, but this finding by itself does not in dicate an in creased level of age discrim

7、 in ati on. In times of higher un employme nt, the opport unity cost to a lawsuit is lower tha n it is whe n times are good.From the employers perspective, mass layoffs may seem like a good cha nee to remove a higher proporti on of gen erally more expe nsive older workers without the worry of being

8、sued. On the other hand, employers may be less likely to remove protected older workers because they still fear lawsuits. One thing we do know is that once an older worker loses a job, he or she is much less likely to find a new job tha n a youn ger worker is.Un fortun ately, the effect of legislati

9、 on prohibit ing age discrim in ati on is not easy to see and may actually be part of the reason it is so difficult for older workers to find employment. If it is more difficult to fire an older worker than a younger worker, a firm will be less likely to want to hire older workers. In deed, my resea

10、rch finds that in states where workers have Ion ger time to bring a lawsuit claim, older men work fewer weeks per year, are less likely to be hired, and less likely to be fired than men in states where they do not have as much.Not many people would suggest that we go back to a world prior to the Age

11、Discrimi natio n in Employme nt Act, i n which advertiseme nts specify the specific ages of people they are willing to hire. However, legislation prohibiting discrimination is no pan acea 萬靈藥）.The rece nt proposed con gressi on al legislati on could have both positive and n egative effects on pote n

12、tial older workers.A lot of cases of age discrim in ati on are not found becauseage discrim in ati on law was just in troduced rece ntly.other discrim in ated groups dont sue except the whites.age discrim in ati on cases are in large qua ntity and it is difficult to detect all of them.many discrim i

13、n ated people dont sue and costs of a lawsuit outweigh pote ntial ben efits.The labor market experime nt in Bost on shows thatyoun ger male applica nts are more likely to be hired tha n their female coun terparts.age discrimi natio n is quite com mon in hiri ng process.the author collected in format

14、io n by in terviewi ng female applica nts.female applica nts who are 50 years old will n ever have a cha nee to get a job.What may lead to the in crease of discrimi natio n lawsuits duri ng times of high un employme nt?The in crease of age discrim in ati on.The decrease of age discrim in ati on.The

15、decrease of opport un ity cost to lawsuits.The in crease of opport un ity cost to lawsuits,.From the last paragraph, we lear n thatemployers could specify the ages of people they want to hire in the past.all employers recruited workers through advertiseme nt in the past.legislation prohibiting discr

16、imination cant free old workers from age discrim in ati on.the rece nt proposed con gressi on al legislati on is in effective.The author is _ when he analyzes the age discrimination issue.pessimisticpartialobjectivedoubtful【文章概要】本文講述了工作中的年齡歧視問題，及就此狀況提出了禁止職場中的年齡歧視的法案。第l段引出話題指出國會民主黨人提出立法，旨在使歲數較大的職員在年齡

17、歧視訴訟案中更容易獲勝；第2 3段用數據說明，相當多年齡歧視案件沒有人提起訴訟，雇傭方的歧視案件也往往不被發現，并分析其中的原因第6段以一個實驗為例證指出年齡歧視的現象也存在于低級別的職位上，同時 分析了高失業率期間年齡歧視案件增加的原因及雇主雇用工人時考慮的因素；第7段指出禁止年齡歧視的立法產生的效果并不明顯，分析年齡較大的工人難 以找到工作的可能原因：最后一段講到用立法來解決年齡歧視的問題并不是萬 能的，最近的提案也可能有其利弊。【答案解析】 D因果推斷題。第2段最后一句講到許多年齡歧視案件沒有被發現，第3 段分析了其原因。第3段末句指出“因為訴訟費遠遠超過潛在的利益”，故選Do A在文章

18、首段便提及，但不與題干構成因果關系；第3段指出中層管理者也有可能提起訴訟，故B也錯；C項文中沒有提到。B細節判斷題。根據Boston定位到第4段。該段首句指出年齡歧視起碼在 低級別的職位存在，通過接下來的實驗調查可知，年齡歧視在招聘過程中很普遍，故選&該實驗沒有對男應聘者和女應聘者進行對比，故A沒有原文依據；文中指出“我只是發出上千份虛假的應聘簡歷，故錯誤；最后一句指出 低于50歲的申請人，收到面試電話的幾率比年齡較大的申請人高40%,故D與原文表述不符。C細節推斷題。根據high unemployment定位到第5段最后兩句。根據最后兩旬可知，高失業時期，訴訟機會成本低于好景時的機會成本，因此可推斷高 失業期訴訟機會成本較低可導致訴訟案件增加，C正確。A、B都沒有提到關鍵詞cost, D與原文的意思相反，故都排除。A細節判斷題。由最后一段第l句可