1、工商管理專業英語重點一名詞解釋：what is a manager?答 ： A manager is a person who plans,organizes,directs,and controls the allocation of human ,material,financial,and information resources in pursuit of the organization s goals.What is the difference between middle managers and first-line managers?答：The heavier empha

2、sis onmanaging group performance and allocating resources represent the most important differences between first-line ang middle managers.How can you characterize top-managers work?答： Top managers spend most of their day(over 75 percent) planning and leading.pressures and demands on top managers can

3、 be intense.What is the one of natural outcomes of outsourcing?答： Modular corporations come into being.二選詞填空Adrian was in charge of the allocation of available funds.2.Our firm is orientedtowards the export side of the business.The on-time delivery of goods is required in the contract.Thegraphicdisp

4、lays will be heloful to illustrate the increase of the output.Companies cannot survive fierce competition withoutinnovativepersonnels.Keeping the accounts is part and parcelof my job.The CEO and other high-level executivesare often referred to as top management.The tasks that managers do include pla

5、nning,organizing,leading,andcontrolling the work of an organization. Functionalmanagers supervise employees having expertise in one area,such as accounting,humanresources,sales,finance,marketing,or production.general managers areresponsiblefor the operations of a more complex unit,such as a company

6、or a division.He carried out a number of fraudson trusting people who lent him money .He would not havesucceeded in such a risky business if he had not been such a clever entrepreneur.They could not tell the commcnding officer from his subordinates.The two old rivals vie for the frist place .15.Some

7、 people cannot be trusted to work wihout supervision.Half of the medical supplies have already been allocated to the victims of the earthquake.Can youdifferentiatethis kind of rose from the others?The factory haslaid offworkers because of the drop in sales.They were blame for their failure to hold d

8、ownexpenditure.The companyhas slashedthe costs of the project in order to seize the last chance to survive.The company is trying todiversifyits range of products so that they can get more market shares.Mr. Black realized that his company was in dire straits and it went beyond him to deal with the wh

9、ole situation.Tom, my next door neighbor, isexemptform military service because of his poor health.With the economic environment improved , his company ssale in that area is getting less susceptibleto the crisis.Mr.White declared that he was not liable for his partner s debts.The employees suedtheir

10、 manager for breach of contract.27.If we cannot keep on holding the edge in the services, we ll lose our share in market.Nowadays, the manufacturing industry cannot make dowithout services.To merge or not to merge that s the question. The board of the company has deferred the decision to do it.A cou

11、ntry sinfrastructureservices must develop with its economic growth because no advanced society can be without these services.31.三翻譯 英譯漢： 1.Sometimes, though, a first-line manager is a recent college graduate who is responsible for the work of both hourly employees and professionals. Such a first-lin

12、e manager is likely to have little hands-on experience. Lack of experience isn ta problem if the new manager is willing to learn and has the competence to communicate with diverse types of people , to coach and counsel subordinates, and to provide constructive constructive feedback. 答;然而有時一個第一線經理是新來

13、的大學畢業生，負責管理計時雇員和專業人員的工作。這樣的第一線經 理可能很少有親身的經驗。缺少經驗不一定是麻煩，但這要求新經理樂于學習，并且有能力和不同類型的 人打交道，培訓和指導下屬，并提供建設性的反饋。managers and acquisitions 兼并與收購 3.corporate restructuring 公司重組 4.downsizing 縮編 5.outsourcing decision 外包決策 6.modular corporation 組件公司 7.unit cost of production 單位生產成本 8.strategic alliance 戰略聯盟 9.ove

14、rhead 管理費用 petitive advantage 競爭優勢 work form of organization 網絡型組 織（結構） 漢譯英社團 community2. 首席執行官 chief executive officer3. 常務董事 managing director4. 流行價格 prevailing price5.監督員 supervisor.市場份額 market share7.計算機程序員 computer programmed.管 理能力 managerial competency9. 保險業務員 insurance agent10. 資源配置 allocatio

15、n of resources11. 新聞廣播員 newscaster12. 任務小組 task force13. 銷售合作人 sales associate14. 收入，稅收 revenue15. 管理，管理人員 management16. 工作框架 work setting17. 電話營銷中心 telemarketing center18. 顧客投訴 customer complaint19. 業績評價 標準 evaluation criteria for performance20. 具體運 作計 劃 specific operational plans21. 分派權力與責任 delega

16、te authority and responsibility22. 協調進度與資源 coordinate schedules and resources23. 商務合作人 business associate24. 財務崩潰 financial debacle25. 刺激業務增長 spur the growth of the business26. 監督現場工作 supervise on-site work27. 生物芯片混合了計算機技術和 生物科學，是通過新網絡企業創造的最令人興奮的產品中的一種。利用計算機能力的優越來處理大量 的信息，生物芯片被開發用來掃描人的基因構成和分析與各種基因轉換

17、疾病相關的風險。Biochips,which blend company technology with biological science, are among the most exciting products being created through new network organizations. Taking advantage of a computer s ability to process massive amounts of information, biochips are being developed to scan peoples genetic make

18、ups and analy ze risksassociated with various genetically transmitted diseases.28.世界經濟 a global economy29.經濟模式 the economic model 30.工業化經濟an industrializedeconomy31. 自給自足 self-sufficient32. 銀行業 a banking industry33. 提高生活質量 enhance the quality of life34. 經濟活動的核心 the hub/heart of economic activity35.

19、商務服務業 business services36. 銷售服務業 trade services37. 基礎實施服務業 infrastructure services38. 社會服務業 social/personal services39. 公共管 理服務業 public services 40.電子零售業 electronic retailing41. 商店結賬終端 point-of-sale terminal42 。公 司總部 corporate headquarters43.財務收益、盈利 financial rewards44.多種形式服務 an assortment of servic

20、es45.分銷、銷 售渠道 distribution channel46.建筑承包商 building contractors 47.運輸成本 transportation costs 48.非商店零售 non-store retail sales49.商品直銷 the direct sales of the merchandise 50. 縱向整合 vertical integration51.目標銷售 catalog sales52.年銷售額 annual sales 53.零售貿易 retail trades54. (備有)現貨 products availableConsumers a

21、re more and more knowledgeabledemanding better value and service.( 消費者越來 越會買東西 )Retailing is becoming a high-tech business 正在變成一種高科技企業)Computer programs analyze the data and then automatically transmit orders to theretailers.(分析數據并自動把定貨指令傳給零售商)Retail managers must make complex decisions in selecting

22、 target markets, locating stores, determining what merchandise and service to offeK選擇目標市場，確定店址，決定提供何種商 品和服務 )Dell computer views direct-mail retailing skills as the key to its success把直接郵購零售技術 視為其成功的關鍵 )四、判斷正誤1 、 A manageris a person who plans,organizes,directs,and controls the allocation of human ,

23、material,financial,and information resources in pursuit of the manager s individual goals. (F)While achieving the organizational goals, managers must perform moretasks by themselves. (F)Effectivemanagers must pay attention to what goes on both inside and outside theirorganizations.(T)The job of mana

24、gers is to help the organizations achieve specific goals,but usually they donot create any goals.(F)5.In a small orgain ,nization,there is usually only one level of management. As an organizationgrows, more levels of management are needed.(T)Middle managers receive broad, general strategies and poli

25、cies from top managers and translate them into specific goals and plans for first-line managers to implement.(T)Top managers are responsible for directing and cooedinating the activities of first-line managers and middle managers.(F)Middle managers spend more time on planning and organizing than fir

26、st-line managers.(F)9， A wholesaler is the final business in a distribution channel that links manufactureers with consumers.(F)Breaking bulk is to keep inventory so that products will be available when consumers want them.(F)Vertical integration means that a firm preforms onlyone level of activity

27、but organizing the other firms in thedisyribution channel.(F)Retailing is one of the nation slargest induetries in terms of employment.(T)relationship-oriented leaders are more effective when the situation is highly unfavourable.(F)the set of formal tasks and formal reporting relationship provides a

28、 framework for horizon control of the organization .(F)unity of command means that each employee is held accountable to not only one supervisor.(F)staff authority means that people in management positions have formal authority to direct and control immediate subordinates.(F)decentralization means th

29、at decision authority it located near the top of the organization.(F)第六章選詞As top manager of the company ,if you do not assignline-managers responsibility to the plan,y ou will reach no goal.Theinspector was interested in ereything pertainingto quality appraisal.3.One of the most important points to

30、make achievements in business is to energizefront-line workers. 目標管理 management by objectives 一次性計劃 a single-use plan 常備計劃 a standing plan 應變計劃 a contingency plan 企業目標 corporate goals 計劃時間范圍 planning time horizon 業績評估系統 performance appraisal system 應急預算 emergency budget 靈活性與適應性 flexibility and adapt

31、ability 安全認定 系統 system of safety recognition 基層部門監督者 line supervisor 表彰信 a letter of commendation 英譯development an action 制定行動計戈Ll develop safety training session 開安全生產培訓課 /辦 班 develop a line of thought 展開思路 develop front-line employees 培養一線工人 develop an interest inmanagement 對管 理產生 develop the nati

32、onal economy 發展國民經濟 develop the company business擴展公司業務 develop one s idea （詳纟細）闡述觀點 develop a new device 研制一個新裝置 develop the region in the west China 開發 建設中國西部地區第七章 填詞The subordinates refused to complywith the manager s demand because its not at all practical 。A good manager is person who can harnes

33、sindividual talents to a common end 。No one can make the business go smooth only by issuingorders。An unbroken line of authority that links all individuals in the organization and specifies who reports to whom is named as chain of command。Delegation is the process managers use to transfer authority a

34、nd responsibility to positions below them in the hierarchy。Tall structure i s a kind of management structer characterized by an overall narrow span of management and a relatively large number of hierarchical levels 。Flat structer is a management structure characteriged by an overall broad span of co

35、ntrol and relatively sew hierarchical levels。Formalization is the written documentation used to direct and control employ ees。英譯漢Deploy resources 有效的使用資源 hierarchical levels 層級 span of managers control 經理的管理職權范圍 effective coordination 有效的協調 vertical control of the organization 組織機構的縱向管理 an automobil

36、e assembly line 汽車組裝（流水）線 chain of command 指令鏈 delegate authority 分權 meet customers needs 滿 足消費者的需求 line department 業務部門 staff department 職能部門 issue orders 發布命令第八章 填詞Subordinates should have some say in the management of the business。The employees in Jacks company have regular accessto the boss to a

37、ir their opinions 。Participatory democracy is something that subordinates enjoy in management decision-making 。 英譯漢Position power 職位權利 legitimate power 法理權利 reward power 獎賞權利 coercive power 懲罰權利 personal power 個性化權利 expert power 專業技能權利 referent power 稟性相關權利 charismatic leadership 個人魅力型領導 autocratic

38、leader 獨斷/專斷型領導 democratic leader 民主型領導 authoritarian management 極權型管理 centralizeauthority 集權第十四章 漢譯英1 市場營銷組合 marketing mix 市場細分研究 segmentation research 市場導向 marketing orientation 目標市 場 target marketing 描述功能 descriptive function 診斷功能 diagnostic function 預測功能 predictive function 生 產導向活動 production-or

39、iented exercises 前控管理 proactive management 后控管理 reactive management 市 場信息反饋過程 marketing intelligence feedback process 市場營銷系統 marketing systemIf they want their business to run well , managers should develop a long-run marketing strategy (制定長期 市場營銷策略)Some organization havent conducted much marketing

40、research ，which causes them lose the market share。(失去市場份額)Heavy coupon users are most likely to redeem the coupons (用贈券兌換產品)The companies who increase their market share are those who are really understand and meet consumers need. (了解并滿足消費者需求)It makes much difference for a firm to improve the bottom

41、 line(改善盈利狀況 )填詞three years ago ，the board of directors made that decision to computerize the whole company including all the branches。 And now this is paying dividendthe marketing research enables the firm to make their promotion more efficient and their consumers more acquainted with the brands ，r

42、etail outlets , etc.As CEO, Mr. Smith always ignores the side issues and addresseshimself to the main problems in management 。Mr. Carter always takes a pragmatic approach to problems . Thatsthe very reason why he was appointed to the post of sales director.判斷Market research is the primary tool for exploring new opportunities in the marketplace.(T)To describe the historic ales trend and consumersat