1、職高英語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ)模塊Unit10Environment-全篇Unit 10Environment noise pollutionrubbish everywhereair pollutionwater pollution1._12342._3._4._Under the Blue SkyWhat causes the pollution of our environment?1. What makes it hard for people to breathe the fresh air?2. What now harms everyone in the world?3. What is coa

2、l used for?4. What causes traffic jams everywhere in large cities?5. How many people a year die of diseases related to air pollution in the United States according to the Natural Resources Defense Council?Is the death rate of diseases related to air pollution higher than that of traffic accidents or

3、 AIDS?What would help to protect and to improve the environment?Ask and answer Ask and answer 1. What makes it hard for people to breathe the fresh air? 2. What now harms everyone in the world?Smoke from chimneys and waste gases from cars make it hard for people to breathe the fresh air.Air pollutio

4、n now harms everyone in the world.3. What is coal used for? 4. What causes traffic jams everywhere in large cities?Coal is used in industry and also for heating and cooking.That too many cars are running in the street causes traffic jams everywhere in large cities.5. How many people a year die of di

5、seases related to air pollution in the United States according to the Natural Resources Defense Council? About 50,000 people a year die of diseases related to air pollution in the United States according to the Natural Resources Defense Council. 6. Is the death rate of diseases related to air pollut

6、ion higher than that of traffic accidents or AIDS?7. What would help to protect and to improve the environment?Yes, it is.Little things like reusing, not littering around and walking or biking instead of driving cars would help to protect and to improve the environment.True or False?People in large

7、cities feel that the sky is as blue as it used to be. There is more fresh air for people to breathe. The death rate is higher than that of traffic accidents or AIDS.4.The situation of our environment is still not very worrying. 5. Air is being polluted mainly by car, for they burn fuel and release w

8、aste gas.Task 1 Fill the gap according to the text. Air pollution now _everyone in the world.Coal is used in _ and also for _and _.Smoke from _ is one of the causes of air pollution.According to the Natural Resources Defense Council in the United States, about 50,000 people a year _ diseases _air po

9、llution.harmsindustryheatingcookingburning coalTask 2die ofrelated to5. The unreasonable production often _air pollution, water pollution and much _ to the environment.6. Not only the government _ we the citizens should work more actively to _ pollution and to _ the environment. In addition, we shou

10、ld also _our own actions.leads todamagebut also fight againstprotectbe aware ofUseful expressions of Para.11. no longer2. used to do3. a blanket of smog4. industrial cities5. waste gases不再過去常常一層煙霧工業(yè)城市廢氣6. fill the air彌漫在空氣中Under the Blue Sky8. black dust更少的新鮮空氣7. less fresh air黑色的灰塵9. makes everythi

11、ng dirty弄臟了所有的東西10. the beautiful little birds美麗的小鳥11. flying in the air飛在空中的12. are dressed in穿上了的外衣13. black and gray黑灰色的The translation of Para.1 在蔚藍(lán)的天空下 住在大城市里的人們覺得天空不再像以前那么藍(lán)了。煙霧籠罩著工業(yè)城市的上空。空氣中彌漫著煙囪冒出的黑煙和汽車排放的廢氣，人們很難呼吸到新鮮空氣。黑色的灰塵弄臟了所有的東西 植物、建筑、人們的衣服、房子里的家具，甚至連飛在空中的美麗小鳥都被披上了黑灰色的外衣Language points o

12、f Para.1 People in large cities feel that the sky is _ as blue as it used to be. no longer大城市的人們都覺得天不再像以前那么藍(lán)了。A. no longereg.=notany longer他不再是一個(gè)小孩了。He was no longer a little boy.He was not a little boy any more.B. as as 意為“ 和一樣”，表示同級(jí)比較。1. 其結(jié)構(gòu)為：as + adj./ adv. + asThis film is as interesting as that

13、 one.eg.這部電影和那部電影一樣有趣。2.其否定形式為:not as/so +adj./adv.+aseg.這本字典不如你想象的那樣有用。This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.3. 當(dāng)“倍數(shù)”作為修飾成分出現(xiàn)時(shí)，必須置于as as 結(jié)構(gòu)之前，如：a quarter（四分之一）、half（一半）、once（一倍）、three times （三倍）等twice（兩倍） 、eg.你的包比我的貴一倍。Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.4. 幾個(gè)關(guān)于asas的常見句型： as as possib

14、le “盡可能”請(qǐng)盡快回答我的問題。Please answer my question as soon as possible. asas usual/before “與往常/以前一樣她看起來(lái)和以前一樣漂亮。She looks as pretty as before.媽媽與往常一樣忙碌。Mother is as busy as usual.5. 一些帶有as as 結(jié)構(gòu)的常見習(xí) 語(yǔ)歸納： as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一樣忙碌as easy as ABC 像ABC一樣容易as deep as a well 像井一樣深as light as a feather 像羽毛一樣輕 as sof

15、t as butter 像黃油一樣軟used to do“過去常常”C.對(duì)比be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事eg.他過去常常夏天在河里游泳。He used to swim in the river in summer.eg.路西習(xí)慣于早晨早起。Lucy is used to getting up early in the morning. even the beautiful little birds flying in the air are dressed in black and gray.甚至連飛在空中的美麗小鳥都披上了黑灰色的外衣。A. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)

16、作的 主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行。如：flying in the air動(dòng)詞ing形式作定語(yǔ)，修飾Note:birds。The girl sitting by the door is my sister.坐在門邊的女孩是我的姐姐。B.dress sb.eg.dress是及物動(dòng)詞,意“為穿衣”，用法是保姆每天都要給寶寶穿衣。對(duì)比 The babysitter dresses the baby everyday.be/get dressed (in)“打扮，穿著”She is dressed well today.她今天穿得很漂亮。eg.She is dressed in a new skirt. 她穿著一條

17、新裙子。Translate the following phrases.1. no longer2. as as 3. used to do 4. be dressed in 5. dress sb6. a blanket of ( )( )( )( )( )( )像 一樣過去經(jīng)常做不再一層穿著給某人穿衣服Translate the following sentences.他不再吸煙了2. 我們上學(xué)時(shí)他常幫助別人。 3. He told me he would (再也不) go shopping with me. 4. His father (過去常常) smoke, but now he d

18、oesnt. 5. 住在大城市里的人們覺得天空不再像以前那么藍(lán)了。( )( )( )He used to help others when we were at school.no longerHe no longer smokes. / He doesnt smoke any longer.used toPeople in large cities feel that the sky is no longer as blue as it used to be.( )Useful expressions of Para.21.air pollution2.be used in industry

19、3.be used for doing4.burning coal5.one of the causes6.in large cities7.the serious problem空氣污染被用于工業(yè)被用來(lái)做燃燒的煤主要原因之一在大城市中很嚴(yán)重的問題8.traffic jams9.at the same time10.the excessive waste gases過多的廢氣11.give out 排放，發(fā)出12. badly damage the air quality 嚴(yán)重地破壞了空氣的質(zhì)量be given out交通堵塞同時(shí)The translation of Para.2空氣污染現(xiàn)在危

20、害著世界上的每一個(gè)人。煤用于工業(yè)上，也用來(lái)取暖和做飯。 燃燒的煤產(chǎn)生的黑煙是空氣污染的主要原因之一。現(xiàn)在在大城市中空氣污染有另一個(gè)主要的原因。 路上有太多的車在行駛,這是一個(gè)很嚴(yán)重的問題,經(jīng)常會(huì)導(dǎo)致大城市中的交通堵塞。同時(shí)，過多的車輛排放的廢氣嚴(yán)重地破壞了空氣的質(zhì)量。Explanations of some important phrases. harm (v.) 危害 ; (n.) (傷)害 ; harmful (adj.)必記短語(yǔ)：do harm to be harmful to 對(duì) 有傷害eg: Your smoking can be harmful to the health of y

21、our children. Excessive（過量的）drinking will do harm to you .2. be used for 被用來(lái) 其主動(dòng)形式：use sth for sth 用 作 1）We used the seals fur for coats . 我們用海貂皮做大衣。2）She decided to use milk for gifts. 她決定使用牛奶做禮物。3）Castor oil is used for medicine . 蓖麻油可做藥用。eg.4）It can also be used for food . 它也可食用。3. give out: 放出，發(fā)

22、出（聲音，光線，氣味等） 用完，用盡分發(fā)，分配 發(fā)表，公布, This kind of flowers give out a pleasing smell. We had just reached home when the petrol gave out. We saw a man giving out leaflets(傳單) in the street. eg. The result of the examination will be given out this week.4. at the same time同時(shí) We should read more in learning En

23、glish , at the same time we have to listen more. Two iron balls landed the ground at the same time .eg.Translate the following phrases.1. do harm to 2. be used for 3. traffic jams 4. give out 5. at the same time6. air pollution ( )( )( )( )( )( )被用來(lái)做 交通阻塞對(duì) 有傷害空氣污染放出，發(fā)出同時(shí)Check yourself.Too much work

24、and too little rest may (對(duì) 有害)our body.2The sun _(發(fā)出，釋放) light and heat to the earth. 3A knife_(被用來(lái)) cutting the things.Carelessness always_(導(dǎo)致) driving accident.5. Sorry, Im 20 minutes late because of the _ _( 交通阻塞)on the way here.traffic jams gives outdo harm to/ be harmful to is used forcauses/le

25、ads toUseful expressions of Para.21.air pollution2.be used in industry3.be used for doing4.burning coal5.one of the causes6.in large cities7.the serious problem空氣污染被用于工業(yè)被用來(lái)做燃燒的煤主要原因之一在大城市中很嚴(yán)重的問題1. according to 根據(jù) 2. in the United States 在美國(guó)3. the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) 自然資源保護(hù)委員會(huì)4.

26、die of diseases related to air pollution 死于與空氣污染有關(guān)的疾病5. the death rate 死亡率6. traffic accidents 交通事故Useful expressions of Para.3The translation of Para.3根據(jù)自然資源保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)的報(bào)告，在美國(guó)每年大約5萬(wàn)人死于與空氣相關(guān)的疾病，這一死亡率比交通事故或艾滋病都高。According to the National Resources Defense Council(NRDC),in the United States, about 50,000 peo

27、ple a year die of diseases related to air pollution.根據(jù)自然資源保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)的報(bào)告，在美國(guó)每年大約5萬(wàn)人死于與空氣污染相關(guān)的疾病。A.對(duì)比die ofdie from表示由于年老、疾病、饑餓等直接原因而死亡一般由于車禍火災(zāi)等意外或間接原因而死亡He died of a heart disease. 他因心臟病而死。他死于一場(chǎng)車禍。 He died from a car accident.eg.eg.B.relate to同有關(guān)系過去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)eg.These are the books related to science.這些是與科學(xué)相關(guān)的

28、書籍。eg.Wealth is seldom related to happiness.財(cái)富鮮與幸福有關(guān)Translate the following phrases.1. according to 2. NRDC 3. die of 4. relate to 5. the death rate6. traffic accidents( )( )( )( )( )( )自然資源保護(hù)委員會(huì)死于根據(jù)交通事故同有關(guān)系，涉及死亡率The translation of Para.4過多的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致空氣污染、水污染并對(duì)環(huán)境造成很大的危害。我們?cè)趺床拍軌蛞庾R(shí)到地球是我們的家園，我們應(yīng)該為了我們的孩子們來(lái)保

29、護(hù)它呢？The unreasonable production often leads to air pollution, water pollution andmuch damage to the environment. 過度的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致空氣污染、水污染并對(duì)環(huán)境造成很大的危害。lead to 導(dǎo)致，通向 Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.過量的工作以及太少的休息常會(huì)引起疾病。 條條大路通羅馬。All roads lead to Rome.eg.eg.Useful expressions of Para.51.n

30、ot littering around2.instead of 3.to improve the environment4.some day5.the blanket of smog over large cities不亂扔垃圾代替改善環(huán)境有朝一日大城市上空的陰霾不僅政府而且我們市民都應(yīng)當(dāng)更加積極地反對(duì)污染，保護(hù)環(huán)境。為。此外，我們也應(yīng)該留意自己的行為。一些小的事情像回收利用、不亂扔垃圾、以步行或騎自行車代替開車都有助于保護(hù)和改善環(huán)境。我們希望有朝一日大城市上空的陰霾會(huì)消失，我們能再次看到蔚藍(lán)的天空。The translation of Para.5Not only the governmen

31、t but also thecitizens should work more activity tofight against pollution and to protect the environment.不僅政府而且我們市民都應(yīng)當(dāng)更加積極地反對(duì)污染，保護(hù)環(huán)境。not onlybut also“不但而且”是一個(gè)并列連詞短語(yǔ)使用規(guī)則：1. not only 與but also 要求前后對(duì)稱,即所連接的詞的詞性必須一致；2. not only位于句首時(shí),后接句子語(yǔ)序需用 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)；eg.Franklin was considered not only an inventor, but als

32、o a statesman.富蘭克林不僅被看做發(fā)明家，而且被看做政治家。不但路西喜歡彈鋼琴，莉莉也喜歡。eg.3.當(dāng)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)遵循就近原則，即與but also后的主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持一致。Not only _ to play the piano, but also Lily likes to.does Lucy likeeg.Not only you but also Mr. Zhang _in this college.teachesIn addition, we should also be aware of our own actions.此外，我們也應(yīng)該留意自己的行為。in

33、addition “另外” 他們還吃了大量的水果。They eat a great deal of fruit in addition.be aware of 意識(shí)到, 留意Are you aware of the danger?你意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)了嗎？eg.B.A.We must be aware of the weather these days. 我們必須留意最近的天氣。help to do sth “有助于”2) The babys crying helps to digest(消化)。1）The book helps to understand Moyan himself.C.Transl

34、ate the following phrases.1. not only but also 2. fight against 3. 此外，另外 4. be aware of5. 有助于6. 用代替，是而不是， 用而不是， ( )( )( )( )( )( )與 作斗爭(zhēng) in addition不但而且instead of意識(shí)到help to do sthCheck yourself.As a student, we should (反對(duì))wasting time and money.2They use cotton _(而不是) silk. 3You should _(注意) your mis

35、takes, or you can crime.Driving a car carefully _(有助于) safe.Tom goes to school on foot ( 而不是)by car.6. ,she still studies hard to catch up with the others.instead of instead of fight against be aware ofhelps toIn addition Check yourself.7. Not only his brother but also he (學(xué)習(xí))at this college.8. We should _ _(與 作斗爭(zhēng) ) those crimes(犯罪分子). 9. not only he but also you in the classroom yesterday? A. Is B. Are C. Was D. Were 10. A man who often pollution is a brave man. A. fight against B. fights against C. fought against D. fights for fight again