1、WELCOME語法復習課被動語態 （Revision of the Passive Voice)1 單詞接力賽 2任務 復習重點:A.熟記結構B.明確用法難點C.熟練轉換難點D.注意特例了解* E.注意區別了解* F.相關句型31.被動語態的結構為“助動詞be及物動詞 的過去分詞（pp）”。(不及物動詞或不及物短語動詞不可用于被動語態 這類動詞有：happen（發生）, take place（發生） , break out（爆發）, die（死亡）, become（成為）, appear（出現）, disappear（消失）, last（持續）, set out（出發）等。)A.熟記結構口訣:

2、被動語態be字變, 過去分詞跟后面.Be動詞的五種變化形式：原 形 be現在時 am ,is ,are 過去時 was , were現在分詞 being過去分詞 been42.各種時態結構被動語態的不同時態是通過be的時態變化來表示的，其人稱和數方面應與主語保持一致。其具體變化為： 一般現在時： am / is / are done一般過去時： was / were done現在進行時： am / is / are being done過去進行時： was / were being done現在完成時： have / has been done過去完成時： had been done一般將來時

3、： shall / will be done ; be going to be done當句中含有情態動詞時，句子結構為 can / must / have tobe done He said the factory had been opened . 他說這家工廠已經開張。The pen has been used for several years. 這支鋼筆已經用了幾年。He told us the cat was being washed when we called him. 他告訴我們打電話時他正在給貓洗澡。The work will be finished in three ho

4、urs. 工作將于三小時后完成。The baby must be looked after well. 這孩子必須被好好照顧。This book was written in 1969. 這本書是1969年寫成的。The broken bike is being repaired now. 那輛壞了的自行車正在被修理。He is regarded as a brilliant. 他被認為很有才氣。53.例如： Chinese _ by the largest number of people Aspeak Bis speaking Cspeaks Dis spoken The boy _ to

5、 get supper ready after school last night Awere told Bis telling Cwas told Dtells A lot of new roads _ built in the west of China Amust Bmust be CHas Dhave （選D。考查一般現在時的被動語態）（選C。考查一般過去時的被動語態）（選B。考查含情態動詞的被動語態)6B明確用法 被動語態常用于以下兩種情況： 1不知道誰是動作的執行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執行者； 2強調動作的承受者。例如： 這棵樹是那個男孩砍斷的。 The tree _ _

6、by that boy 歌訣：誰做的動作不知道，說出誰做的沒有必要； 動作承受者需強調，被動語態運用到。was cut7主動句The naughty boy broke the window yesterday.被動句The window was broken by the naughty boy yesterday.主語謂語主語狀語賓語謂語狀語介賓123步驟二步驟一步驟三原賓變主主格變。被動語態be字變,過去分詞跟后面.謂語動詞break改為被動形式：be + 過去分詞。原主變賓by后見（有時by短語可以省略）。C熟練轉換8教你一招賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟。 謂語動詞變被動，be后“過

7、分”來使用9常見語態轉換（一）一般現在時和一般過去時的被動語態。引入練習1。請將下列主動語態變成被動語態1.Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy.2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day. The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day.3.Did they build the bridge in 1998? _ the bridge _ in 1998?4.When did Lu Xun write these books?When _these books _ _

8、Lu Xun?5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm.Apples _ _ on the farm.6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday.The classroom _ _ yesterday.小結：1、被動語態的轉換，在be+過去分詞中，確定_ 是關鍵，_永不變。2、Be的時態由_確定；be的單/復數由_確定。3、問句提前_; 否定_后加not.was bought by are watered byWasbuiltwere written by arent grownwasnt cleanedbe

9、 形過去分詞主動時態 被動主語be動詞be10(二）一般現在時帶情態動詞的被動語態。引入練習2。請將下列主動語態變成被動語態。1.You can do the work all by yourself. The work _ _ _ all by yourself.2.We must plant more trees. More trees _ _ _.3.We should dig a large hole. A large hole _ _ _.4.Can we put our bikes here? _ our bikes _ _ here?5.You mustnt throw rubb

10、ish here. Rubbish _ _ _ here.6.We cant see many stars. Many stars _ _ _ . 小結：1.含情態動詞的被動結構： _ .2.疑問句提前_; 否定句：_+not.can be donemust be plantedshould be dugCanbe putmustnt be thrown cant be seen 情態動詞+be (永遠是原形)+過去分詞情態動詞情態動詞11D注意特例 將主動語態變被動語態應注意幾個特殊情況： 1含雙賓語的主動結構變為被動結構時，有兩種方法： 將間接賓語(sb)變為主語，直接賓語保持不變； 將直

11、接賓語(sth)變為主語，間接賓語用介詞to或for引導。12提示(必背)a. 把直接賓語(sth)變為主語后，間接賓語(sb)前通常要加上介詞to的有：write ,pass,give,lend,sell,show,hand等。 b.把直接賓語(sth)變為主語后，間接賓語(sb)前通常要加上介詞for的有：有make,buy,find,draw等。13練習例： 1.Her mother gave her a new pen A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother 2.She wrote us a letter. 3.She made her son a pair

12、 of new shoes.4.He found Jim a seat.5. He bought me a computer.A letter was writtento us.was given toA pair of new shoes was madeforher son by her.A seat was foundfor Jim.A computer was boughtfor me.142短語動詞的被動語態：在變為被動語態時，要將短語動詞視為一個整體，其后的介詞或副詞不能省去。例如： This dictionary mustnt _ from the library Atake a

13、way Btaken away Care taken away Dbe taken away She will take good care of the children（變被動語態） The children will _ _ _ _ _ （by her） be taken good care of15動詞短語的被動語態。改正下列轉換中的錯誤：1.People often talk about the film. 誤：The film is often talked. 正：2.Lily looked after the baby. 誤：The baby was looked by Lily

14、. 正：3.We shouldnt give up the work. 誤：The work shouldnt be given . 正：4.We cant work out the problem. 誤：The problem cant be worked. 正： The film is often talked about.The baby was looked after by Lily. The work shouldnt be given up.The problem cant be worked out.練習4165.We must take good care of young

15、trees. 誤：Young trees must be taken good care. 正：6.We must write to him. 誤：He must be written. 正： 小結：動詞短語在轉換成被動語態時， 不能丟掉其中的_。Young trees must be taken good care of.He must be written to.介詞或副詞 173含有復合賓語的主動結構變被動結構時，通常將賓語變為被動句的主語，而賓語補足語就成為主語補足語。注意：省略to的不定式作賓補時，不定式符號to必須補上。例如： Someone saw him swim in Qia

16、nling Lake yesterday（變被動語態） He _ _ _ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday 4不定式的被動結構：動詞不定式的被動語態為“to be 過去分詞”。例如： The radio says a wild animal zoo is to _ in our city Abe building Bbuild Cbe built Dbuilt C was seen to18請將下列主動語態變成被動語態。引入練習5。 1.The farmer made the horses work the whole day. The horses_ _ _ _

17、 the whole day.2.Mum asks the twins not to swim in the lake. The twins _ _ _ _ _ in the lake.3.I saw a mouse run into the room. A mouse _ _ _ _ into the room.4.I often hear him sing English songs. He _ often _ _ _ English songs.5.I saw Lucy playing in the park just now. Lucy _ _ _ in the park just n

18、ow.6.They watched the children sing that morning. The children _ _ _ _ that morning.小結:1.主動語態中省略to的賓補在被動中應_.如以上 _題.2.其它形式的賓補在被動中_.如以上_題。 were made to workare asked not to swim was seen to runisheard to singwas seen playingwere watched to sing補上to1、3、4、6不變2、519了解* 5以疑問代詞開頭的疑問句轉換成被動句時要注意詞序：應將主動句中的疑問代詞

19、改為介詞by的賓語，但仍然放在句子開頭。例如： Who has broken the cup？By whom has the cup been broken？ 20了解* 6有的動詞的主動形式可以表示被動意義1）感官動詞 ( taste ; feel ; smell ; sound ; look ) 用主動形式表示被動。 How sweet the music sounds ! Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth .2） write、read、sell、keep、prove、weigh、number、drink、wear、pay、wash、open

20、常用主動形式表被動意義。尤其是有副詞 well, easily時。 The book sells well . ( 這本書銷路很好。 ) The door will not open . ( 這扇門就是打不開。 ) This dress washes better . ( 這衣服較好洗。 ) The sign reads as follows . ( 這牌子告示如下。 ) 21了解* E注意區別 被動語態和過去分詞作表語的區別： 1）含義不同：被動語態強調動作，重點說明動作由誰完成、怎樣完成；而過去分詞作表語通常用來描寫情景，敘述人或事物的特征及所處的狀態。試比較： The window is

21、 broken窗子破了。（系表結構） The window is broken by him窗子被他打破了。（被動語態） 2）用法不同：過去分詞作表語時可以被 so，very，too等程度副詞修飾，而被動語態則不能用so，very，too修飾，而需用much，very much，so much，too much修飾。試比較： He was very interested in science他對科學有極大興趣。（系表結構） I was so much surprised at the scene that I didnt know what to do我被那種場面搞得大吃一驚，不知所措。（被動

22、語態） 22了解* F相關句型 初中教材中與被動語態相關的句型有： 1be covered with被覆蓋 2be made of由制作（發生物理變化） be made from由制作（發生化學變化） be made in由（某地）制造 be made by被（某人）制造 3be used for被用來 be used as被當作（作為）來使用 be used to do sth被用來做某事 4It is said that據說 It is hoped that希望 It is well known that眾所周知23例如： Your coat looks niceIs it _ cotto

23、n？ YesIts _ Shanghai Amade of；made by Bmade of；made in Cmade for；made by Dmade for；made in This machine is used _ the room wet Afor keeping Bas keeping Ckeep Dto keeping 據說在南京長江上又在建一座橋。 _ _ _ that _ _ is being _ over the Changjiang River in NanjingBAIt is saidanotherbuiltbridge241.到了初三隨著英語單詞量的不斷增加，難

24、度的不斷提高，有些學生對英語漸漸失去了學習的興趣。以四人小組為單位用被動語態列舉學習英語的重要性，讓他們好好學習。然后派代表說出討論結果。并用被動語態寫出一篇有知英語的重要性的作文.下面是一組學生的匯報： English is used as an international language. English is the most widely spoken. English is widely used for business. Half the worlds telephone calls are made in English.Homework252把下列句子變為被動句: 1.Th

25、ey asked me to come a little later. I _ _ to come a little later. 2.Women often talk about food and clothes. Food and clothes _ often _ about by women. 3.Do they make this kind of truck in Nanjing? _this kind of truck _ in Nanjing? 4.We must clean our teeth twice a day. Our teeth must _ _ twice a da

26、y. 5.Can I answer this question in simple English? _this question _ _ in simple English? 6.You may clean the room after work. The room may _ _ after work. 7.We use brooms for sweeping the floor. Brooms_ _for sweeping the floor. 8. They built quite a few tall buildings in their hometown last year. Qu

27、ite a few tall buildings _ _ in their hometown last year.9. You must not put the bike there. The bike _ _ _there. 10. Can you see the stars in the daytime? Can the stars _ _in the daytime? 26be3.Fill in the missing words according to the passage. Several days ago a large tiger escaped from the zoo b

28、ecause it (1)_fed well. One morning the tiger was seen (2)_run into a small forest near the city (3)_Some people. The people (4)_the police about it at once. They said that the tiger was very strong ,but the animals around it (5)_not hit. The police warned people not to go out during the night. Tom

29、was made not（6）_ go to school that day. The police(7)_ asked to find out the tiger quickly and kill it. But the police said the tiger should(8) _ protected and well looked after if it was found out. In the evening a big net was put around the Forest by the police. Some sheep (9)_tied to the trees be

30、hind the net. When the sheep were heard (10)_ bleat , the hungry tiger ran out to catch them. At last the tiger was caught and it was (11)_back to the zoo. Now the tiger (12)_ taken good care (13)_. It must (14)_given the most food because it is the largest.wasnttobytoldweretowerebeweretotakenisofbe

31、27在下列情況下要使用被動語態：1. 行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動作的執行者時。如：Football is played all over the world.2. 不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的執行者時。如：我的自行車被盜了。3. 漢語中含有“據說、據悉、有人說、大家說”等時。如：據說，有一天他爬到一所房子的頂上，往煙囪下面扔了一些錢。4. 漢語中含有“被、由”等詞時。如：魏華是被林濤叫來的。課外補充It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and dropped some money down a chim

32、ney.Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao.My bike was stolen.285. 漢語中沒有“被、由”等詞，而在原句中試加這類詞且句意通順時。如：這些歌曲通常是男生唱的。（在“是”后面可以加上“由”） 6. 某些句子習慣上用被動語態。如：He was born in October， 1989.7. 表示禮貌時。如：敬請您明天晚上8：00光臨我們的英語晚會。These songs are usually sung by boys.You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8：00 p.m. tomorrow.29在以下10種情況下均不能使用被動語態：1. 不及物動詞不能用于被動語態。如：正：誤：The story was happened in London.2. 表示狀態的動詞，如hav