1、LOGO模具基本結構 徐存善主編 徐存善主編 What does “mould” mean ？“Mould”是什么意思(單選)？提交 徐存善主編 徐存善主編 A simple mould of this type is shown in Figure 5-1, and a description of the design and of the opening sequence follows. The mould consists of three basic parts, namely: the moving half, the floating cavity plate and the

2、feed plate, respectively. The moving half consists of the moving mould plate assembly, support blocks, backing plate, ejector assembly and the pin ejection system. Thus the moving half in this design is identical with the moving half of basic moulds. 徐存善主編 The floating cavity plate, which may be of

3、the integer or insert-bolster design, is located on substantial guide pillars (not shown) fitted in the feed plate. These guide pillars must be of sufficient length to support the floating cavity plate over its full movement and still project to perform the function of alignment between the cavity a

4、nd core when the mould is being closed. Guide bushes are fitted into the moving mould plate and the floating cavity plate respectively. 徐存善主編The maximum movement of the floating cavity plate is controlled by stop bolts or similar devices. The moving mould plate is suitably bored to provide a clearan

5、ce for the stop bolt assembly. The stop bolts must be long enough to provide sufficient space between the feed plate and the floating cavity plate for easy removal of the feed system. The minimum space provided for should be 65mm just sufficient for an operator to remove the feed system by hand if n

6、ecessary. 徐存善主編 The desired operating sequence is for the first daylight to occur between the floating cavity plate and the feed plate. This ensures the sprue is pulled from the sprue bush immediately the mould is opened. To achieve this sequence, springs may be incorporated between the feed plate a

7、nd the floating cavity plate. The springs should be strong enough to give an initial impetus to the floating cavity plate to ensure it moves away with the moving half. It is normal practice to mount the springs on the guide pillars (Figure 5-2) and accommodate them in suitable pockets in the floatin

8、g cavity plate. 徐存善主編The major part of the feed system (runners and sprue) is accommodated in the feed plate and to facilitate automatic operation the runner should be of a trapezoidal form so that once it is pulled from the feed plate is can easily be extracted. Note that if a round runner is used,

9、 half the runner is formed in the floating cavity plate, where it would remain, and be prevented from falling or being wiped clear when the mould is opened.Now that we have considered the mould assembly in some detail, we look at the cycle of operation for this type of mould. 徐存善主編The impressions ar

10、e filled via the feed system (Figure 5-1(a) and, after a suitable dwell period, the machine platens commence to open. A force is immediately exerted by the compression springs, which causes the floating cavity plate to move away with the moving half as previously discussed. The sprue is pulled from

11、the sprue bush by the sprue puller. After the floating cavity plate has moved a predetermined distance it is arrested by the stop bolts. The moving half continues to move back and the moldings, having shrunk on to the cores, are withdrawn from the cavities. The pin gate breaks at its junction with t

12、he runner (Figure 5-1(b). 徐存善主編The sprue puller, being attached to the moving half, is pulled through the floating cavity plate and thereby releases the feed system which is then free to fall between the floating cavity plate and the feed plate. The moving half continues to move back until the eject

13、or system is operated and the moldings are ejected (Figure 5-1(c). When the mould is closed the respective plate are returned to their molding position and the cycle is repeated. 徐存善主編underfeed ,Qndfi:d adj. 底部進料的vt. 不充分供料cavity kvti n. 型腔；洞，凹處assembly sembli n.集合，裝配，集會pin pin n. 釘，銷，栓ejector idVekt

14、 n. 脫模器substantial sbstnFl adj. 堅固的，實質的n. 本質alignment lainmnt vt. 校直n.成直線；校準core kC: n. 型芯sprue spru: n. 注料口incorporate inkC:preit adj. 合并的vt. 合并 徐存善主編spring spri n. 彈簧vt. 使跳起impetus impits vt推動力，促進runner rQn n分流道impression impreFn n. 型腔；壓痕dwell dwel n保壓withdraw widrC: vt從撤回（過去分詞為withdrawn）bolster b

15、ulst n. 上下模板，墊板insert ins:t n嵌件，鑲件accommodate kCmdeit vt. 供給，容納 徐存善主編guide pillar導柱guide bush導套stop bolts限位釘feed system澆注系統sprue bush注料口襯套sprue puller澆道拉桿pin gate點澆口floating cavity plate 型腔板support blocks 支承塊backing plate 支承板Language points 徐存善主編 1. The floating cavity plate, which may be of the int

16、eger or insert-bolster design, is located on substantial guide pillars fitted in the feed plate. 譯文：浮動型腔板通過導柱固定在定模板上，設計形式可以是整體式，也可以是嵌入式。 說明：句中的which從句為非限定性定語從句，修飾floating cavity plate，解釋說明浮動型腔板的設計形式。 Language points 徐存善主編2. The major part of the feed system. is can easily be extracted.譯文：澆注系統的主要部分 (

17、分流道和主流道)設在定模板上，為便于自動操作，分流道應采用梯形截面，以便于脫出澆注系統凝料。說明：句中的so that 從句為目的狀語從句。Language points 徐存善主編3. The sprue puller, . and the feed plate譯文：安裝在動模部分的拉料桿脫離浮動型腔板，澆注系統凝料由此脫下，然后在浮動型腔板和定模板之間自由落下。說明：句中的which is.and the feed plate是狀語，修飾the feed system。be attached to: 附屬于，連接 Exercises 徐存善主編I. Answer the following

18、 questions. How many basic parts does the mould consist of? What are they?2. How many parts does the moving half consist of? What are they?3.Can you briefly describe the cycle of operation for this type of mould? The mould consists of three basic parts, namely: the moving half, the floating cavity p

19、late and the feed plate, respectively. The moving half consists of the moving mould plate assembly, support blocks, backing plate, ejector assembly and the pin ejection system. Paragraph 7-9Exercises 徐存善主編II. Place a “T” (true) or an “F”(false) beside the sentences according to the text. 1. The guid

20、e pillars are fitted in the feed plate. 2. Guide bushes are fitted into the moving mould plate. 3. The maximum space provided for should be 65mm just sufficient for an operator to remove the feed system by hand if necessary.4. The pin gate breaks at its junction with the runner.TFFTExercises 徐存善主編Th

21、e mould consists of three basic parts, namely: the moving half, the floating cavity plate and the feed plate, respectively. 2. The moving mould plate is suitably bored to provide a clearance for the stop bolt assembly. Translate the following sentences into Chinese模具由三個基本部分組成，分別是動模部分、浮動型腔板和定模板。 在動模板

22、的適當位置鉆孔，以便安裝限位釘。 徐存善主編科技英語具有詞義多、長句多、被動句多、詞性轉換多、非謂語動詞多、專業性強，結構嚴密、邏輯性強等特點。在科技英語翻譯實踐中，有時若按字面翻譯，句子的結構不完善，或句子的含義不明確，或詞匯的概念不清晰時，需要增加某些詞語，以便更完善、清楚地表達英語句子的內容。增詞譯法，是翻譯的基本方法之一，就是在譯句中增加或補充句子中原本沒有或省略掉了的詞語，以便更完善、更清楚地表達原意。徐存善主編 英語中通常用動詞形式變化或加上助動詞表示時態，翻譯時要刻意用漢英語中通常用動詞形式變化或加上助動詞表示時態，翻譯時要刻意用漢語表達出來。語表達出來。比如： The mech

23、anical ignition system was mechanical and electrical and used no electronics before 1975. 1975年之前，機械式點火系統只采用機械裝置和電氣裝置，并不采用電子裝置。 （used表示過去狀態）徐存善主編 翻譯數詞時，常常需要加上量詞，如翻譯數詞時，常常需要加上量詞，如“個個”、“只只”、“量量”、“臺臺”等。此外，還要根據上下文正確判斷其復數是等。此外，還要根據上下文正確判斷其復數是“二二”還是還是“多個多個”。比如： The distributor has two tasks to perform. 分電

24、器有兩個任務需要完成。 （增加量詞“個”） Chromium improves the properties of steel. 鉻可改進鋼的各種性能。 （properties譯為“各種”）徐存善主編 英譯漢時，有時所有的詞匯都相應地譯出后，漢語句子的結構顯得不英譯漢時，有時所有的詞匯都相應地譯出后，漢語句子的結構顯得不完整。這時，應增補缺少的句子成分。完整。這時，應增補缺少的句子成分。比如： An exact solution demands much calculation. 一個精確的解答要求進行很多次計算。 （補充謂語“進行”） Fuses are cheap,other equipm

25、ent is much more expensive. 保險絲很便宜，但其它保險設備卻昂貴得多。 （在“設備”前補充定語“保險”）徐存善主編英語中常根據語法或語言習慣省略某些重復出現的詞語，但用漢語逐英語中常根據語法或語言習慣省略某些重復出現的詞語，但用漢語逐詞翻譯后不能清楚明確表達原句概念，可補充出來進行解釋說明。詞翻譯后不能清楚明確表達原句概念，可補充出來進行解釋說明。比如： The following discussion assumes the teeth gear to be perfectly formed,perfectly smooth,and absolutely rigid

26、. 下面的討論中假定輪齒加工沒有誤差，輪齒表面完全光滑，輪齒為絕對剛體。 （增加重復詞語“輪齒”） 徐存善主編 The best service information in the world is useless if the technician cannot readily retrieve the information. 如果技師不會快速地檢索住處的話，那么，即使世界上最好的維修信息，也都就沒有用了。 （增加銜接詞語“也都”） The reliability of semi-conductor devices is very important, especially in spa

27、ce applications. 半導體器件的可靠性至關重要,特別是在空間技術應用中尤其如此。 （增加“尤其如此”）徐存善主編 模具的頂出系統將在以下三個標題中討論，即：(i) 推出支架；(ii) 推板裝配機構；和 (iii) 推出方式。 推出支架 推出支架是模具的一部分，用來支撐模板，并為推板的裝配和運動提供空間。推出支架通常由動模座板和幾塊支撐塊組成，支撐塊安裝在動模座板上，且便于加工成型。The ejector system in a mould will be discussed under three headings, namely: (i) the ejector grid; (

28、ii) the ejector plate assembly; and (iii) the method of ejection. Ejector gridThe ejector grid is that part of the mould which supports the mould plate and provides a space into which the ejector plate assembly can be fitted and operated. The grid normally consists of a back plate (clamp plate ) on

29、to which is mounted a number of conveniently shapedsupport blocks.徐存善主編There are three alternative designs:( i ) The in-line ejector grid;( ii )The frame-type ejector grid;( iii )The circular support block grid.推出支架有三種設計形式：(i) 同軸的推出支架； (ii) 框狀推出支架： (iii) 圓形支架。徐存善主編Ejector plate assemblyThe ejector p

30、late assembly is that part of the mould to which the ejector element is attached. The assembly is contained in a pocket, formed by the ejector grid, directly behind the mould plate. The assembly consists of an ejector plate a retaining plate and an ejector rod. One end of this latter member is threa

31、ded and it is screwed into the ejector plate (see cross-section view). In this particular design, the ejector rod functions not only as an actuating member but also as a ejector rod passes through an ejector rod bush fitted in the back plate of the mould.推板裝配機構也是模具的一部分，用來安裝推出零件。推板裝配機構安裝在推板支撐架內，直接裝在模

32、板后面。裝配機構由推板、推板固定板和注塑機頂出桿組成。注塑機頂出桿一端帶有螺紋，通過螺紋緊固在推板上。在這種結構中，頂出桿的作用不僅是推出零件，而且頂出桿上直徑相等的部分通過頂出桿套筒，套筒安裝在模具座板上。 徐存善主編Before proceeding to discuss the individual parts in more detail, let us consider how this assembly is actuated. The mould is mounted on the moving platen of the injection machine. To the le

33、ft of the moving platen is the machines actuating rod. This member can be adjusted to allow for various alternativeejector strokes. When the moving platen is caused to move to the left, and the mould opens, the moulds ejector rod at some point of the stroke strikes the actuating rod. The entire ejec

34、tor plate assembly is arrested as shown at (b). The remainder of the moving half (i.e. the mould plate and the ejector grid) continues to move to the left until the opening stroke is complete (c). This relative movement between the ejector plate assembly and the mould plate is necessary to operate t

35、he ejector element.徐存善主編在更詳細討論模具推出方式之前，我們了解一下推出機構是如何工作的。模具安裝在注塑機的移動臺板上，臺板左側是注塑機推動桿。推動桿的位置是可以調整的，以適應不同的“推動力”。當移動臺板向左移動時，開模，在推動桿的作用下模具推桿運動。整個模具推件裝配機構如圖5-l (b) 所示。動模的其余部分(例如模板和推出支架)繼續向左運動，直到模具完全打開 (如圖5-l (c) 所示)。為使推出元件起作用，推板裝配板和模板之間必須存在相對運動。徐存善主編推出方式對于內部不帶有其他形狀的塑件，塑件冷卻后，其收縮狀態取決于塑料熔體的成型過程。例如實芯矩形件，塑件的收縮作

36、用使其脫離型腔壁，因此，可以采用簡單的脫模方式 (推出塑件)。Ejection techniques When a moulding cools, it contracts by an amount depending on the material being processed for a moulding which has no internal form, for example a solid rectangular block, the moulding will shrink away from the cavity walls as shown, thereby permit

37、ting a simple ejection technique to be adopted.徐存善主編然而，若塑件具有內部形狀，冷卻收縮時塑件將包緊在型芯上，因此，有必要采用一些適當的方式推出塑件。 設計推出機構時有幾種方式可供選擇，但是，總的說來，選擇哪種推出形式取決于塑件的形狀?；镜耐瞥龇绞接幸韵聨追N：(i)針狀脫模；(ii)推管脫模；(iii)推桿脫模；(iv)推件板脫模；（v)氣動脫模；(vi)卸料板脫模。However, when the moulding has internal form, the moulding, as it cools, will shrink onto

38、 the core and some positive type of ejection is necessary.The designer has several ejection techniques from which to chose but, in general, the choice will be restricted depending upon the shape of the moulding. The basic ejection techniques are as follows: (i) pin ejection; (ii)sleeve ejection; (ii

39、i)bar ejection; (iv)blade ejection; (v)air ejection; and (vi)stripper plate ejection.徐存善主編Ejection from fixed halfWhile it is generally desirable to situate the ejector system in the moving half of the mould, this is not always practicable. Consider the case of a box-type component which must, for r

40、easons of appearance, be gated from the inside. In this case the core and the ejector system are mounted on the fixed mould half. Now this presents certain complications.定模部分的推出機構盡管推出機構通常安裝在模具的動模部分，但這種方式并不總是可行的?？紤]到箱形塑件的表面質量，澆口必須設置在塑件內部。這種情況下，型芯和推出系統安裝在定模部分，模具具有一定的復雜性。徐存善主編First, to incorporate an ej

41、ector grid and ejector assembly behind the fixed mould plate causes this mould half to be excessively deep. Because of this the melt has to travel a long distance from machines muzzle. This distance can be minimized, however, by sinking the sprue bush deep into the mould plate assembly as illustrate

42、d, though this necessitates using a special extension muzzle.首先，推出支架和推板裝配板安裝在定模板后面，這將極大地增加模具高度。因此，熔體從噴嘴射出后要經過較長的距離 (才能進入型腔)。然而，為縮短這段長度，澆口套 (必須) 較深地進入模板內，裝配結構如圖例，這就必須使用特殊的延伸式噴嘴。徐存善主編Second facilities are not normally provided on the machine for actuating any type of ejector system from the fixed moul

43、d half side. This means that the actuating mechanism must be incorporated in the mould design.While any of the ejection techniques discussed in section 3.4 can be incorporated in the fixed half, certain of these techniques are more easily incorporated than others.其次，注塑機的定模部分并不提供任何驅動推出系統工作的動力裝置，這就意味著

44、動力機構必須與模具設計成一體。盡管在上面“推出方式”中討論的所有推出方式都能安裝在模具的定模部分，但是在設計時應根據具體情況選擇適合的方式。徐存善主編Sprue pullersWhen the mould opens it is essential that the sprue is pulled positively from the sprue bush. With single-impression moulds the sprue feeds directly into the base of the component and the sprue is pulled at the s

45、ame time as the moulding is pulled from the cavity.拉料桿開模時，流道凝料必然從澆口套中拉出。對于單腔模具，熔體沿著主流道直接進入模具型腔。開模時，塑件脫離型腔，澆道凝料也一同脫出。 徐存善主編For a multi-impression moulds using a basic feed system, the sprue would probably be left in the sprue bush each time the mould was opened. This would necessitate a manual operat

46、ion to remove the unwanted sprue. To avoid this undesirable feature, an arrangement for pulling the sprue should always be incorporated in the design.對于帶有基本澆注系統的多腔模具，每次開模時澆道凝料很可能滯留在澆口套中，必須用手工去除熔體凝料。為避免這種情況，設計時總會考慮安裝澆道凝料拉出機構。徐存善主編The common sprue pulling methods utilize an undercut pin or an undercut

47、 recess situated directly opposite the sprue entry. The plastics material which flows into the undercut, upon solidifying, provides sufficient adhesion to pull the sprue as the mould is opened.普通的拉料方式是利用推桿頂部加工出的凹陷拉料，或者利用主流道入口處的凹陷拉料，該處凹陷與主流道的 (錐度) 方向相反。熔體進入凹陷后，(冷卻) 凝固，開模時，(這部分凝料)能夠提供足夠大的阻力以拉出澆道凝料。徐存善

48、主編There are two basic designs of sprue puller. In one, the undercut is produced within the cold slug well region, and is situated below the parting surface. In the second design, the undercut portion of the sprue pulling device is situated above the parting surface. To differentiate between these tw

49、o basic types, we designate them type A and type B respectively.拉料桿有兩種基本形式。一種是在冷料井底部加工出空間，這種方式適合在分型面下部使用。另一種是在拉料裝置的頂部加工出適當的形狀，該方式適合在分型面上部使用。為區分兩種基本拉料方式，我們分別用方式A和方式B表示。徐存善主編Fig. 5-1 Opening sequence of a basic underfeed type mould 徐存善主編 Fig. 5-2 Drawing example of underfeed mould New words and phrase

50、s 徐存善主編徐存善主編grid grid n. 支架；計網格；柵格；輸電網mount maunt vt. 安裝；增加；n. 底座in-line in,lain adj. 同軸的；嵌入的，內嵌的rod rCd n. 桿；枝條；懲罰；權力threaded Wredid adj. 有螺紋的v. 穿過，穿線于screw skru: vt. 旋，擰；強迫n. 螺絲釘actuate ktjueit vt. 開動（機器等）；驅使；激勵muzzle mQzl n. 噴嘴，槍口；口套recess rises n. 凹陷 vt. 使凹進；放在隱蔽處New words and phrases 徐存善主編徐存善主編

51、frame-type 框架式的retaining plate 推板固定板moving platen 動模板sprue puller 拉料桿multi-impression mould 多腔模具Exercises徐存善主編1.推出支架2. 定模部分Translate the following phrases into English. ejector gridthe fixed halfExercises徐存善主編3.推桿脫模 4. 拉料桿bar ejectionsprue puller徐存善主編模具的頂出系統將在以下三個標題中討論，即：(i) 推出支架；(ii) 推板裝配機構；和 (iii)

52、 推出方式。推出支架推出支架推出支架是模具的一部分，用來支撐模板，并為推板的裝配和運動提供空間。推出支架通常由動模座板和幾塊支撐塊組成，支撐塊安裝在動模座板上，且便于加工成型。推出支架有三種設計形式：(i) 同軸的推出支架； (ii) 框狀推出支架： (iii) 圓形支架。徐存善主編推板裝配機構推板裝配機構推板裝配機構也是模具的一部分，用來安裝推出零件。推板裝配機構安裝在推板支撐架內，直接裝在模板后面。裝配機構由推板、推板固定板和注塑機頂出桿組成。注塑機頂出桿一端帶有螺紋，通過螺紋緊固在推板上。在這種結構中，頂出桿的作用不僅是推出零件，而且頂出桿上直徑相等的部分通過頂出桿套筒，套筒安裝在模具座

53、板上。徐存善主編在更詳細討論模具推出方式之前，我們了解一下推出機構是如何工作的。模具安裝在注塑機的移動臺板上，臺板左側是注塑機推動桿。推動桿的位置是可以調整的，以適應不同的“推動力”。當移動臺板向左移動時，開模，在推動桿的作用下模具推桿運動。整個模具推件裝配機構如圖5-l (b) 所示。動模的其余部分(例如模板和推出支架)繼續向左運動，直到模具完全打開 (如圖5-l (c) 所示)。為使推出元件起作用，推板裝配板和模板之間必須存在相對運動。徐存善主編推出方式推出方式對于內部不帶有其他形狀的塑件，塑件冷卻后，其收縮狀態取決于塑料熔體的成型過程。例如實芯矩形件，塑件的收縮作用使其脫離型腔壁，因此，可以采用簡單的脫模方式 (推出塑件)。然而，若塑件具有內部形狀，冷卻收縮時塑件將包緊在型芯上，因此，有必要采用一些適當的方式推出塑件。 設計推出機構時有幾種方式可供選擇，但是，總的說來，選擇哪種推出形式取決于塑件的形狀?；镜耐瞥龇绞接幸韵聨追N：(i)針狀脫模；(ii)推管脫模；(iii)推桿脫模；(iv)推件