1、2012職稱英語考試理工類(B級)真題及答案該文章轉載自無憂考網：第 1 頁：第一頁：詞匯選項第 2 頁：第二頁：閱讀判斷第 3 頁：第三頁：概括大意第 4 頁：第四頁：閱讀理解第 5 頁：第五頁：補全短文第 6 頁：第六頁：完形填空第 7 頁：答案解析第1部分：詞匯選項(第115題，每題1分，共15分)下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。1. She eventually married the most persistent one of her admirers. A. in a wayB. in due courseC. in the

2、endD. in any case2. Five minutes left，the outcome of the match was still in doubt. A. resultB. judgmentC. decisionD. event3. The reporter was accused of unprofessional conduct. A. movementB. wordsC. principleD. behavior4. He made a considerable sum of money in real estate. A. largeB. positiveC. powe

3、rfulD. realistic5. A crowd gathered to see what had happened. A. collectedB. fixedC. dividedD. assist6. If I made a mistake，I will try to remedy it. A. clarifyB. diagnoseC. evaporateD. correct7. We derive information mainly from the Internet. A. depriveB. obtainC. descendD. trace8. His sole motive w

4、as to make her happy.1 A. aimB. argumentC. capabilityD. pursuit9. He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert. A. bearB. hateC. likeD. criticize10. These factors interact intimately and cannot be separated. A. tenselyB. nearlyC. carefullyD. closely11. She exhibited great powers of endur

5、ance during the climb. A. playB. sendC. showD. tell12. The eternal motion of the stars fascinated him. A. longB. never-endingC. boringD. extensive13. She could not answer，it was an immense load off her heart. A. naturalB. fatalC. tinyD. enormous14. The book made a great impact on its readers. A. for

6、ceB. influenceC. surpriseD. power15. Accompanied by cheerful music，we began to dance. A. pleasantB. colorfulC. fashionableD. different16.Killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is completely approved by the US government. A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. A great many food pro

7、cessors produce irritated foods. A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. Many consumers suspect the safety of irradiated foods and suggest the government inspect them severely . A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. Some companies foresee the bankruptcy of food processing factories. A. Right B. WrongC. No

8、t mentioned20. Irradiated fruits and vegetables do not need to be labelled. A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directly from distributors without labeling it.A. Right B. WrongC. Not mentioned22. According to the passage， FDA approves irradiating food to

9、some extent but irradiated food is not widely accepted. A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned23. Paragraph 3 _24. Paragraph 4 _25. Paragraph 5 _26. Paragraph 6 _ANuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Suns EnergyBThe Most Important Source of EnergyCTypes of Electromagnetic EnergyDX-rays Are Used

10、to Detect and Treat Cancer ESeeking New Sources of EnergyFNuclear Energy is Beginning to Compete with Coal 27. Visible light that produce warmth is an example of _.28. We can use energy from the sun because _.29. The energy stored in coal _30. _ when electron rearrangement takes place.Aelectromagnet

11、ic energyBelectromagnetic energy travels through spaceCcame from the sunDwhen a change in the nucleus of an atom takes placeEwhen the sunrays are fierceFchemical energy is generated31. In paragraph one， what does "the school of tomorrow" mean? A. The school with a central building.B. The s

12、chool with four or five master studios.C. The school with television.D. The school with televised lessons and electronic teaching tools.32. After a televised lesson， which will not happen? A. The classroom teacher will take over for the all-important "follow-up" period.B. The lessons will

13、be carried into classrooms all over a city， or even an entire country.C. The students will ask any troublesome questions.D. Difficult points will be cleared up through discussion.33. In the following statements， which one will not happen in the televised lesson? A. The teacher will still have to pla

14、y an important role.B. The chalk and erasers will still be used.C. Each student will receive an individual lesson.D. The lessons will be specifically geared to the students' levels of ability. 34. What kind of lessons will the students have? A. The same lessons.B. Individual lessons according to

15、 their ability levels.C. Individual lessons according to the teacher's instruction.D. Individual lessons according to their parents' instruction.35. According to the last paragraph， which one is true? A. Homework will be handed in via electronic mail system.B. Homework will be not be assigne

16、d.C. Students never take examinations.D. Students get the score after a long time.36. What does "Such natural disasters" in the first paragraph refer to? A. Sudden， heavy rainfall.B. Earthquakes，C. Water erosion.D. Landslides.37. Which of the following statements is true of landslides? A.

17、The initial movement is hard to spot.B. They start with a movement of a few particles of soil or rock.C. They can be destructive in a matter of hours or minutes.D. All of the above.38. Why do researchers develop a new device to monitor signs of landslides? A. Because the new device can，measure the s

18、ite directly.B. Because the new device can be sunk into boreholes or fixed above ground. C. Because the common methods can cause false alarms.D. Because the common methods are useless.39. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the device，according to Paragraph 4? A. It is filled in with gr

19、avel.B. It consists of a steel pipe.C. It is dropped into a borehole filled in with gravel.D. It is connected to a sensor on the surface.40. According to the context，what does the word "positives" in the fifth paragraph mean? A. Positive electric charges.B. Evidences.C. Warnings.D.Predicti

20、ons.41. Why does the author mention "pyramid builders"? A. Because they once worked miracles.B. Because they were well-built.C. Because they were actually very weak.D. Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization.42. Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible f

21、or the fall of the civilization of ancient Egypt? A. Change of climate. B. Famine.C. Food.D. Population growth.43. Which of the following statements is true? A. The White Nile is the trunk of the River Nile.B. The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue Bile.C. The White Nile a branch of the Blue Nile.D

22、. The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile.44. According to Krom，Egypt's Old Kingdom fell A. immediately after a period of drought.B. immediately after a period of flood.C. just before a drought struck.D. just before a flood struck.45. The word "devastating" in t

23、he last paragraph could be best replaced by A. frustrating.B. damaging.C. defeating.D. worrying.A. Commercial warmth and gratitude are the atmosphere being spread around for this special Sunday in May. B. But what's more，commercialism changes young people's attitude towards motherhood. C. Ob

24、viously，the best girl will be a phone call or a visit.D. According to a research by the US card company Hallmark，96 percent of American consumers celebrate the holiday. E. As a result，motherhood has suffered a huge drop in status since the 1950s. F. Becoming a mother，however，inevitably handicaps car

25、eer anticipation. 51. A. offerB. offeredC. will offerD. has offered52 A. fundingB. providingC. payingD. charging53. A. buildB. useC. becomeD. do54. A. inB. atC. onD. by55. A. beforeB. agoC. afterD. later56. A. foundB. producedC. positionedD. located57.A. withB. forC. aboutD. above58. A. results inB.

26、 gives rise toC. is due toD. causes59. A. be made fromB. consist ofC. consist inD. be consisted of60. A. spendB. gainC. giveD. cost61. A. offeredB. calledC. usedD. turned62. A. officialsB. countriesC. organizationD. agreement63. A. /B. the satelliteC. the satellitesD. satellites64. A. speedB. direct

27、ionC. distanceD. location65. A. sendB. letC. allowD. transmit第1部分：詞匯選項1.C【解析】譯文：她終于嫁給了最執著追求她的人。劃線詞的意思是“最后”。C項意為“最后，最終”，例：Everything will be all right in the end.最終一切都會好的。A項意為“在某種程度上，從某一點上看”，例：The work is well done in a way.從某種程度上說，這工作做得不錯。B項意為“到時候，在今后適當時候”，例：He appeared in due course.他在適當的時候出現了。D項意為

28、“無論如何，不管怎樣”，例：In any case，you must arrive there on time.無論如何你必須按時到達那里。2.A【解析】譯文：比賽只剩下5分鐘了，可是結局仍然難以預料。劃線詞的意思是“結果”，A項意為“結果;成績;答案”，例：They worked without result.他們徒勞無功。B項意為“評價;判斷(力)”，例：Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgment.她的決定似乎顯示出缺乏政治判斷力。C項意為“決定”，I wasnt informed of the decision unti

29、l too late.等到我得知這項決定時，已經太遲了。D項意為“事件，大事;比賽項目”，例：This article discussed the events that led to her suicide.這篇文章討論了導致她自殺的一系列事件。3.D【解析】譯文：那位記者被控有違反職業道德的行為。劃線詞的意思是“行為”，D項意為“行為，舉止”，例：His behavior showed he was an evil person.他的行為表明他是一個邪惡的人。A項意為“運動，活動”，例：He lay there without movement.他躺在那里，一動也不動。B項意為“言語”。例

30、：In other words，experts want shortcuts to everything.換句話說，專家需要所有的快捷方式。C項意為“原則”，例：I take this seriously.Its a matter of principle.我對此很認真。這是原則問題。4.A【解析】譯文：他做房地產生意賺了大筆錢。劃線詞的意思是“相當大(或多)的”，“a sum of”只能用“大”、“小”修飾。A項意為“大的”，例：I want a large box;this is too small.我要一個大盒子;這個太小了。B項意為“確定的;積極的;正面的”，例：He has a po

31、sitive attitude towards life.他對生活持有積極的態度。C項意為“強大的，有力的”，例：He had broad shoulders and powerful arms.他肩膀寬大，雙臂有力。D項意為“現實的”，例：Stop daydreaming and be realistic.別空想了，還是從實際出發吧。5.A【解析】譯文：一群人聚攏起來看發生了什么事。劃線詞的意思是“聚集”.A項意為“聚集，堆積，收集”。例：I tried to collect my thoughts but I was too excited.我試圖使思想集中起來，但是我太激動了。B項意為“

32、修理;安裝;安排;整理;準備”，例：My watch has stopped it needs fixing.我的表停了需要修理了。C項意為“除，分割，劃分，隔開”，例：The class is divided in opinion.整個班級意見有分歧。D項意為“幫助，協助”，例：A team of nurses assisted the doctor in performing the operation.一組護士協助醫生施行手術。6.D【解析】譯文：我如果有錯的話.我會改正的。劃線詞的意思是“改正”，D項意為“正確的;改正”，例：Would you help me correct my p

33、ronunciation?你能幫我矯正發音嗎?A項意為“澄清，闡明，使明晰”，例：I hope that what I say will clarify the situation.我希望我說的話能澄清這一情況。B項意為“診斷，判斷”，例：The doctor diagnosed measles.醫生診斷出麻疹。C項意為“蒸發，揮發;消失”，例：The water soon evaporated in the sunshine.水在陽光下不久就蒸發了。7.B【解析】譯文：我們主要從網絡上獲取信息。劃線詞的意思是“得自，起源，引申于”，B項意為“獲得”，例：I havent been able

34、to obtain that book anywhere.我到處都沒買到那本書。A項意為“剝奪”，常和“of”連用，例：The new laws deprived many people of the most elementary freedoms.新法律剝奪了許多人最基本的自由。C項意為“下降”，例： The sun descended behind the hills.太陽下山了。D項意為“痕跡;追蹤，回溯”，例：The book traces the development of philosophy.該書追溯了哲學的發展過程。8.A【解析】譯文：他唯一的目的就是使她幸福。劃線詞的意思

35、是“動機;目的”，A項意為“目標。目的”，例：What is your aim in life?你的生活目標是什么?B項意為“爭論”，例：We accepted the agreement without argument.我們毫無異議地接受了這一協議。C項意為“才能;性能”，例：As a scientist，he has the capability of doing important research.作為一個科學家，他具有從事重要科學研究的能力。D項意為“追求”，例：We work hard in pursuit of happy life.我們為追求幸福生活而努力工作。9.A【解析】

36、譯文：他忍受不住沙漠的酷熱。劃線詞的意思是“容忍”，A項意為“忍受”，例：Hes bearing up well against all his misfortunes.他以堅強的意志對待他所有的不幸。B項意為“憎恨”。例：She hates to be late for work.她不喜歡上班遲到。C項意為“喜歡;像”，例：If you like，we could go out this evening.你要是愿意的話，咱們今天晚上出去。D項意為“批評，責怪”，例：They criticize their opponents under the cover of patriotism.他們借

37、口愛國來抨擊反對者。10.D【解析】譯文：這些因素相互之間緊密聯系.不能分開。劃線詞的意思是“密切地;熟悉地”，D項意為“緊密地;準確地”，例：Taste and smell are closely connected.味覺與嗅覺是密切相關的。A項意為“緊張地。拉緊”，例：I tensely watched him.我緊張地瞧著他。B項意為“幾乎”，例：The sea covers nearly three-fourths of the worlds surface.海洋幾乎占地球表面的3/4。C項意為“小心地”，例：As long as you drive carefully，you wil

38、l be very safe.如果你開車小心，你就會很安全。11.C【解析】譯文：她在攀登過程中表現出極大的耐力。劃線詞的意思是“展示，展覽”，C項意為“展示，表明”.例：Her laziness showed in her exam results.她平時懶惰從她的考試成績可以看得出來。A項意為“玩;播放”，例：I could hear music playing on the radio.我聽到收音機里演奏著音樂。B項意為“發送”，例：She sent me a Christmas card.她給我寄來一張圣誕賀卡。D項意為“講(述)，告訴;吩咐;認出;顯示;生效”，例：I always

39、tell my daughter a story before she goes to sleep.女兒睡覺之前，我總講故事給她聽。12.B【解析】譯文：星體永恒的運行使他著迷。劃線詞的意思是“永恒的，永久的”，B項意為“不停的，無限的”，例：Im tired of your never-ending complaints.我聽膩了你那沒完沒了的抱怨。A項意為“長(期)的(地);渴望”，例：We have，however，a rather long way to go.我們仍然還有好多路要走。C項意為“令人厭煩的。無聊的”，例：Hes likeable enough，but a bit bor

40、ing.他挺討人喜歡，就是有點無聊。D項意為“廣大的，廣闊的;廣泛的”，例：The teacher had both extensive knowledge and profound scholarship.先生的學問博大精深。13.D【解析】譯文：她心頭如釋重負，無言回答。劃線詞的意思是“廣大的，巨大的”，D項意為“巨大的。龐大的”，例：Their sitting room was enormous.他們的起居室很大。A項意為“自然的，正常的”，例：It is natural that such a hardworking student should pass the exam.這么用功的

41、學生考試及格是很自然的事。B項意為“致命的，災難性的;重大的，決定性的”，例：Fatal accidents have decreased in frequency over recent years.近年來死亡事故發生的頻率已經下降。C項意為“微小的”，例：A tiny fishing boat was drifting slowly along.一只小小的漁船在緩緩地漂去。14.B【解析】譯文：這本書對讀者有很大的影響。劃線詞的意思是“影響”，B項意為“影響”，例：Listening to the music has a calming influence on her.聽音樂對她起了一種

42、鎮靜的作用。A項意為“軍隊;暴力;強迫;用力推動”，例：The moral force is on our side.道義的力量在我們一邊。C項意為“驚奇”.例：What a surprise!真是出人意外的事!D項意為“力量，能力”，例：She lost her power of speech.她失去了說話的能力。15.A【解析】譯文：我們伴隨著歡樂的樂曲跳起舞來。劃線詞的意思是“高興的;使人感到愉快的”，A項意為“令人愉快的”，例：The walk was very pleasant.那次散步很愉快。B項意為“多姿多彩的”，例：He gave a colorful account of l

43、ife in Samoa.他生動地敘述了薩摩亞群島上的生活。C項意為“時尚的”，例：It became fashionable for the rich to winter in the sun。在陽光充足的地方過冬成了富人的時尚。D項意為“不同的”，例：My husband has several shirts of different colors.我丈夫有好幾件顏色不同的襯衫。第2部分：閱讀判斷16.B【解析】句意：通過輻照去除食物中的害蟲和細菌。這已得到美國政府的完全批準。關鍵詞是approve和US government。依據此關鍵詞，可在文中第一段找到相關敘述：Irradiatin

44、g fruits，vegetables，pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade.Irradiation of other meats，such as beef and Iamb，is being re- viewed.由being reviewed可推測出，通過輻照去除食物中的害蟲和細菌并沒有完全通過批準，故此題為“錯誤”的。17.B【解析】句意：許多食品加工廠都生產輻照食品。關鍵詞是a gre

45、at many和food processors。依據此關鍵詞，可在文中第一段找到相關敘述：few food processors presently offer irradiated products，故此題為“錯誤”的。18.A【解析】句意。：很多消費者懷疑輻照食品的安全性，建議政府加強監管。關鍵詞是safety和government inspect。依據此關鍵詞，可在文中第一段找到相關敘述：Some people argue that more severe government inspection，are all that is needed to ensure that food i

46、s safe，故此題為“正確”的。19.C【解析】句意：一些公司預言食品加工廠將會倒閉。文章第二段最后一句雖然提到沒必要往輻照食品加工廠投巨資，但并沒有預測它們會倒閉，故此題為“未提及”的。20.B【解析】句意：輻照的水果和蔬菜無需標注。關鍵詞是Irradiated fruits and vegetables和labelled。依據此關鍵詞，可在文中第三段找到相關敘述：in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables，by placing a sign nearby，由此可知像蔬菜和水果這樣的散裝食品也應在旁邊標注出輻照食品的字樣，故此題

47、為“錯誤”的。21.A【解析】句意：餐館可以供應從經銷商那直接購買的輻照食品，無需標注。關鍵詞是Restaurants、distributors和without labeling，依據這些關鍵詞，可在文中第三段找到相關敘述：There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors，故此題為“正確”的。22.A【解析】句意：根據這篇文章，食品與藥物管理局在某種程度上批準了輻照食品，但

48、輻照食品并沒有被廣泛接受。這道題是有關文章主題的題，借助文章的結尾：Presently，the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation(與approves irradiating food to some extent呼應)，而文章開頭的句意也與該問題句的說法一致。第二段第一句提到many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer，由此可見輻照食品還沒有被廣泛接受，故此題的答案為“正確”的。第3部分：概括大意與完成句子23.

49、C【解析】第三段的第一句為主題句，意為：許多其他種類的能量也是不同類型的電磁能。該段列舉了電磁能的具體例子，C項Types of Electromagnetic Energy(電磁能的類型)與主題句意思吻合，故選C。24.B【解析】第四段的第二句為主題句，意為：我們大多數的能量都來自太陽。B項The Most Important Source of Energy(最重要的能量來源)與主題句意思吻合，故選B。25.A【解析】第五段的倒數第一句為主題句，意為：我們現在相信太陽的能量來自核反應，在此過程中，氫氣轉變為氦氣。A項Nuclear Reactions As the Lasting Sour

50、ce of the Suns Energy(核反應是太陽能最持續的來源)與主題句意思吻合，故選A。26.E【解析】第六段的倒數第一句為主題句，意為：科學家仍在繼續尋找獲取和使用能量的新的，更好的方法。E項Seeking New Sources of Energy(尋找新的能源)與主題句意思吻合，故選E。27.A【解析】題意：可見光能產生熱量是電磁能的例子。第一段的最后一句指出，“可見光和其它能產生熱量和造成曬傷的能量都是電磁能的例子”。A項中的“electromagnetic energy(電磁能)”與原句意思相符，故選A。28.B【解析】題意：我們能使用太陽能因為電磁能在太空中穿梭。第二段的

51、第二句指出，“我們能使用太陽能因為電磁能在太空中穿梭”。B項中的“electromagnetic energy travels through space(電磁能在太空中穿梭)”與原句意思相符，故選B。29.C【解析】題意：煤炭中的能量來自太陽。第四段的最后一句指出，“其他的發電機靠煤炭的燃燒驅動，但是，煤炭中的能量也來自于太陽”。C項中的“came from the sun(來自太陽)”與原句意思相符，故選C。30.F【解析】題意：當發生電子重組時，化學能生成。第五段的第五句指出，化學能來自于電子重組。F項中的“Chemical energy is generated(化學能生成)”與原句意

52、思相符。故選F。第4部分：閱讀理解第一篇31.D【解析】題意：第一段中，“明日之校”指什么?有電視課程和電子教學工具的學校。短文第一段提到“閉路電視和其它新的電子教學工具使我們看到了明日之校”，因此，“明日之校”指的是有電視課程和電子教學工具的學校。故選D。32.B【解析】題意：電視課程以后，下列哪一項將不會發生?課程將會被發送到整個城市甚至整個國家的教室。A、C、D三項在短文第三段中都提到，B項發生在上課之前，故選B。33.B【解析】題意：電視課堂上將不會發生什么事情?粉筆和橡皮將仍然會被使用。短文第四段第二句提到“在老師的桌子上，傳統的粉筆和橡皮將會被一個多功能控制板和一個磁帶播放器代替”

53、，故選B。34.B【解析】題意：學生上的課程是哪種類型的?符合他們能力水平的課程。短文第四段第三句提到“課程將會根據學生的能力水平作出相應的改變”，故選B。35.A【解析】題意：根據短文最后一段，下列哪一項說法是正確的?可以通過電子郵件提交作業。短文最后第一段第二句提到“可以通過電子郵件來布置和提交作業”，故選A。第二篇36.D【解析】題意：在第一段中“這樣的自然災害”指的是什么?山體滑坡。短文第一段第一句提到了山體滑坡，此處的自然災害指的是上文的山體滑坡，故選D。37.D【解析】題意：下列關于山體滑坡的敘述中正確的一項是?最初的移動很難被察覺，開始的時候有些土壤和巖石粒子，能在數小時或數分鐘

54、內造成很大破壞。短文第二段第一、二句提到“滑坡時開始時，一個山坡上的土壤或巖石粒子移動，但初期可能很難辨認。然后山坡在數小時或數分鐘內可能變的不穩固”，故選D。38.C【解析】題意：為什么研究人員要發明一種新的儀器去檢測山體滑坡信號?因為通常的方法可能引起錯誤預警。短文第三段倒數第二句提到“但是，沒有山體滑坡.山坡也可以改變形狀，所以任何一種方法(普通方法)都可能產生假警報”，故選C。39.A【解析】題意：根據第四段的內容，下列關于這個儀器的說法，哪項是不正確的?它是用礫石填充的。短文第四段第二句提到“鉆孔是用礫石填充的”，故A的敘述不正確。故選A。40.B【解析】題意：根據上下文可知，第五段中的單詞“positives”是什么意思?證據。短文第五段最后一句提到“只要仔細和徹底地測試，這個儀器就可以為危險的山體提供早期的預警系統。”可推斷出上句的大意為“早期的結果表明它應該提供比現有系統更少的誤報證據”，故選B。第三篇41.D【解析】題意：作者為什么提及“建筑金字塔”的人?甚至是他們也不能挽救他們的文明。文章第一段提到“公元前2180年的饑荒毀滅了古埃及文明，即使是古埃及偉大的金字塔建筑者面對那場的饑荒也無能為力