1、編輯ppt動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 填寫下表各種時(shí)態(tài)名稱填寫下表各種時(shí)態(tài)名稱(主動(dòng)主動(dòng))并寫出其句式結(jié)構(gòu)并寫出其句式結(jié)構(gòu)(以以do為例為例)1動(dòng)詞常見時(shí)態(tài)有哪些？動(dòng)詞常見時(shí)態(tài)有哪些？時(shí)態(tài)一般進(jìn)行完成完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在時(shí)1234過(guò)去時(shí)567/將來(lái)時(shí)8910/過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)11/ 表示動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的表示動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的時(shí)間指向時(shí)間指向的動(dòng)詞形式叫動(dòng)詞的的動(dòng)詞形式叫動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。時(shí)態(tài)。答案答案1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)does/ do其他2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)am/is/aredoing其他 3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)has/havedone其他 4現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)has/havebeen doing其他

2、5一般過(guò)去時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)did其他6過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)was/weredoing其他1動(dòng)詞常見時(shí)態(tài)有哪些？動(dòng)詞常見時(shí)態(tài)有哪些？7過(guò)去完成時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)had done其他8一般將來(lái)時(shí): 主語(yǔ)shall/willdo其他 9將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)shall/will be doing其他10將來(lái)完成時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)shall/will have done其他11過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)： 主語(yǔ)should/woulddo其他1動(dòng)詞常見時(shí)態(tài)有哪些？動(dòng)詞常見時(shí)態(tài)有哪些？答案答案翻譯下列句子，指出一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯下列句子，指出一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義1. My father never takes a bus but walks

3、 to his office. 2. Water boils at 100. 3. The plane takes off at six past five. 2一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)怎樣使用？一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)怎樣使用？水在攝氏一百度時(shí)沸騰。表達(dá)一般真理真理。我父親從來(lái)不坐公共汽車而是走路去上班。表達(dá)父親的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。飛機(jī)將于5：06分起飛。表達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)的日程表安排日程表安排。4. (1) Ill let you know as soon as I hear from him. (2) We shall not have a discussion unless we have time. 我一接到他的信就

4、告訴你。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中一般式表將來(lái)。2一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)怎樣使用？一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)怎樣使用？沒(méi)有時(shí)間我們就不開討論會(huì)。條件狀語(yǔ)從句條件狀語(yǔ)從句中一般式表將來(lái)。5. There goes the bell.火車明天上午6點(diǎn)開。表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好已確定或安排好的事情。2一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)怎樣使用？一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)怎樣使用？鈴響了。在here，there等引起的倒裝句倒裝句中表進(jìn)行。6. The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 7. I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。在hope后的賓語(yǔ)從句后的

5、賓語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)。2 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性行為動(dòng)經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性行為動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài)作或所處的狀態(tài)。 常見時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：often，usually, always, sometimes, every day, once a week, on Sundays, never等。 2一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要用法有：1表達(dá)經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作； 2表達(dá)一般事理或客觀真理；3表達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)，車站，碼頭等的日程表安排；4在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表將來(lái)；5在here，there等引起的倒裝句中表進(jìn)行；6在戲劇，電影說(shuō)明文字中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 翻譯下列句子，指出現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯下列句子，指

6、出現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義1. Hold on! I am writing a letter. 2. Cheers! I know you are translating a famous novel. 3 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？等等， 我正在寫信。表說(shuō)話時(shí)說(shuō)話時(shí)正在寫信。干杯，聽說(shuō)你正在翻譯一本著名的小說(shuō)。表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行翻譯工作(說(shuō)話時(shí)不在翻譯)。3. Mary is coming back from her visit to Shanghai. 4. We are having the midterm examination next month. 3 現(xiàn)在

7、進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？瑪麗很快就要從上海訪問(wèn)回來(lái)了。短暫性動(dòng)作短暫性動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞come用進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。我們下個(gè)月進(jìn)行期中考試。表示按既定計(jì)劃要做按既定計(jì)劃要做，不輕易更改的計(jì)劃和安排。5. (1)He is always helping others. (2)She is always complaining. 3 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？他總是樂(lè)于助人。always與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用表示說(shuō)話者對(duì)“他”的贊揚(yáng)贊揚(yáng)。她總是喜歡抱怨。always與進(jìn)行時(shí)連用表示說(shuō)話者對(duì)“她”的討厭或不討厭或不滿。滿。3 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？6. Its getting c

8、older and colder.天氣變得越來(lái)越冷。get用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示一個(gè)逐漸變化的過(guò)程逐漸變化的過(guò)程。3 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般表達(dá)說(shuō)話時(shí)間或現(xiàn)階段正在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的動(dòng)作， 常見時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有now，at the moment，at present。 主要用法有：主要用法有：1表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作；2表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(說(shuō)話時(shí)不一定正在進(jìn)行); 3表將來(lái)。用進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)的動(dòng)詞通常為短暫性動(dòng)作或表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞用進(jìn)行時(shí)，如come, go, leave, return, arrive, begin, start等；34表示按既定計(jì)劃，不輕易更改的安排；5常與always, c

9、ontinually, constantly 等副詞連用，表達(dá)說(shuō)話人或褒或貶的感情，如贊揚(yáng)，敬佩，羨慕，遺憾，討厭或不滿等。6表示漸變動(dòng)詞，如become, turn, get, grow, run, go, begin用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示一個(gè)逐漸變化的過(guò)程。 4現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)怎樣使用？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)怎樣使用？翻譯下列句子，指出現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯下列句子，指出現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義 1. My daughter has just handed in her duty report. 我女兒剛上交值日?qǐng)?bào)告。表示到說(shuō)話時(shí)間為止“上交”的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。2. (1) They have been

10、away for two years.他們離開已經(jīng)兩年了。表示狀態(tài)的持續(xù)狀態(tài)的持續(xù)，狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞與一段時(shí)間連用。(2) They have gone away. (3) We have talked for more than 2 hours and lets call it a day. 4現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)怎樣使用？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)怎樣使用？他們已經(jīng)離開。短暫性動(dòng)作短暫性動(dòng)作不能接一段時(shí)間。我們交談兩個(gè)多小時(shí)了，今天就到這兒吧。強(qiáng)調(diào)到說(shuō)話時(shí)間為止動(dòng)作已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，不動(dòng)作已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，不再繼續(xù)下去再繼續(xù)下去。(4) I have worked in China since 1997 and I won

11、t go back to Canada until 2117.4現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)怎樣使用？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)怎樣使用？自1997年以來(lái)我一直在中國(guó)工作，要到2117年才回加拿大。表示到說(shuō)話時(shí)間動(dòng)作已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，還要繼動(dòng)作已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，還要繼續(xù)下去續(xù)下去。4 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到說(shuō)話時(shí)間為止，動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生生或動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間。 1表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，此時(shí)該動(dòng)作通常為短暫意義的動(dòng)詞，如open, go, come, die, arrive, leave, lose, fall等。短暫性動(dòng)作不能與含有一段時(shí)間的完成時(shí)連用，因?yàn)樗鼈儽硎镜膭?dòng)作不可能持續(xù)。但可與j

12、ust, already，yet, never, always, often, before等連用；4 2表示該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，還可能持續(xù)下去。 與once, twice, ever, never, today, these days, recently, now, lately, for, since, so far, by now, up to now，in the last/past two weeks/years/days/months, just 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 5現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？翻譯下列句子，指出現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯下列句子，指

13、出現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義1. Here comes the bus. Ive been waiting for it since eight oclock in the morning. 車來(lái)啦！ 我從早上8點(diǎn)鐘一直在等呢。表示“等”的動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，剛動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，剛剛終止剛終止(車來(lái)了不用再等)。2. I have been writing a novel and I wont be free until next year. 我一直在寫本小說(shuō)，明年才有空。 表示“寫”的動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，仍動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，仍然在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行然在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行

14、(要寫到明年)。5現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？5 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本含義是動(dòng)作從過(guò)去沒(méi)有動(dòng)作從過(guò)去沒(méi)有間斷地一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在間斷地一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能剛剛終止，也可能持續(xù)下去。 理解其中“一直一直”的含義至關(guān)重要。既然“一直”持續(xù)，短暫性動(dòng)作不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)主要為now，these days, this morning, these years等具有連續(xù)性意義的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。翻譯下列句子，指出一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯下列句子，指出一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義1. The train arrived ten minutes ago. 2. I was a newspape

15、r boy in the 1930s. 3. I used to go to school early. 6 一般過(guò)去時(shí)怎樣使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)怎樣使用 ？火車10分鐘前就到了。表示過(guò)去特定時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作過(guò)去特定時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。20世紀(jì)30年代我是報(bào)童。表示過(guò)去特定時(shí)間所處的狀態(tài)過(guò)去特定時(shí)間所處的狀態(tài)。我過(guò)去總是很早去學(xué)校。表示過(guò)去才有的習(xí)慣過(guò)去才有的習(xí)慣。4. Mother said Father didnt like smoked food. 5. If I were you, I would choose to work at home. 6. Its high time that we di

16、scussed the problem now.6一般過(guò)去時(shí)怎樣使用？一般過(guò)去時(shí)怎樣使用？母親說(shuō)父親不喜歡熏制食品。受主語(yǔ)從句影響受主語(yǔ)從句影響，用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。假如我是你，我會(huì)選擇在國(guó)內(nèi)工作。表虛擬虛擬，與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。是我們討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候了。表委婉的虛擬虛擬語(yǔ)氣。6 一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)過(guò)去一段時(shí)間的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作作或狀態(tài)狀態(tài)或過(guò)去某一具體時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或所處的過(guò)去某一具體時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或所處的狀態(tài)。狀態(tài)。注意：注意：過(guò)去時(shí)有時(shí)并不實(shí)際表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。受主句過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)影響: 從句用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)； 表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。6 常見的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(舉例式)有： yesterday

17、, (two days/) ago，last (year/)，the other day(前幾天)，once upon a time(很久以前)，just now(剛才)，in the old days(在過(guò)去的日子里)，before liberation(解放前)，When I was 8 years old(當(dāng)我8歲時(shí))，at (7 oclock/)等。翻譯下列句子，指出過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯下列句子，指出過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義1. This time yesterday, we were having an English lesson. 7過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用昨天這個(gè)時(shí)

18、候，我們正在上英語(yǔ)課。this time yesterday 表達(dá)“昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候”，強(qiáng)調(diào)當(dāng)當(dāng)時(shí)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2. When I was in Greece, he was studying French.我在希臘時(shí)，他當(dāng)時(shí)正在學(xué)法語(yǔ)。表過(guò)去一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作過(guò)去一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。3. She was setting the table when it began to shake terribly.4. It was getting dark and the wind was rising.7過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用她擺桌子時(shí)突然感到桌子劇烈地震動(dòng)起來(lái)。

19、用于固定句型“正在做某事，突然正在做某事，突然”。天漸漸黑下來(lái)了，風(fēng)勢(shì)增強(qiáng)了。表“慢慢地慢慢地”。5. In Qing Dynasty, China was always saying Yes to western powers.清朝時(shí)，中國(guó)總是屈服于西方列強(qiáng)。與always連用，表示強(qiáng)烈的譴責(zé)譴責(zé)語(yǔ)氣。7過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用7 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)動(dòng)詞主要表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)動(dòng)詞與always, continually, frequently 等詞連用時(shí)，表示明顯的感情色彩。 進(jìn)行時(shí)與w

20、hen連用表達(dá)“正在做某事，突然”的意思。 短暫性動(dòng)作用于進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)，表達(dá)“慢慢地”的意思。 常見時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有this time yesterday/last month/last year等，表達(dá)“過(guò)去這個(gè)時(shí)候”的意思。翻譯下列句子，指出過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯下列句子，指出過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義1. She had visited China twice before she came last year. 8過(guò)去完成時(shí)怎樣使用？過(guò)去完成時(shí)怎樣使用？她去年來(lái)這里前兩次訪問(wèn)過(guò)中國(guó)。“訪問(wèn)”發(fā)生在過(guò)去動(dòng)作“來(lái)”之前，即表示“過(guò)過(guò)去的過(guò)去去的過(guò)去”； 2. By the middle of last

21、month, I had lived in Beijing for five years.到上月中旬，我已在北京住了5年了。到過(guò)去時(shí)間到過(guò)去時(shí)間(上月中旬)為止為止， 動(dòng)作動(dòng)作(住)已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間時(shí)間(5年)。3. If I had attended the meeting last night, I would have seen Mr. Li, chairman of the meeting.8過(guò)去完成時(shí)怎樣使用？過(guò)去完成時(shí)怎樣使用？要是昨晚我參加了會(huì)議(事實(shí)上沒(méi)去)，我就會(huì)見到會(huì)議主席李先生了。表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬虛擬語(yǔ)氣。4. He had no sooner sto

22、len the purse than he was caught redhanded. 5. I had hoped that nothing would get worse. 8過(guò)去完成時(shí)怎樣使用？過(guò)去完成時(shí)怎樣使用？他剛偷到錢包就被當(dāng)場(chǎng)抓獲。用 于 特 定 句 型 n o s o o n e r t h a n 和 hardly(scarcely) when(前面部分用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，前面部分用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，后面部分用一般過(guò)去時(shí)后面部分用一般過(guò)去時(shí))。我原本希望情況不會(huì)更糟(事實(shí)上更糟)。表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)不符與過(guò)去事實(shí)不符的意圖、希望或想法：原以為、本希望 8 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的基本含義表示在過(guò)去某一參

23、照時(shí)在過(guò)去某一參照時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或到過(guò)去某一參照時(shí)間間或動(dòng)作之前動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或到過(guò)去某一參照時(shí)間或動(dòng)作為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間或動(dòng)作為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間。 用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，必須有一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間或動(dòng)作來(lái)作參照，說(shuō)明在此之前某動(dòng)作已發(fā)生或某狀態(tài)已經(jīng)存在。 體會(huì) “過(guò)去的過(guò)去過(guò)去的過(guò)去”或或“從過(guò)去到過(guò)去從過(guò)去到過(guò)去”是理解過(guò)去完成時(shí)的關(guān)鍵。 具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有： by過(guò)去時(shí)間或before過(guò)去時(shí)間。編輯ppt8過(guò)去完成時(shí)在句中一定有一個(gè)過(guò)去的的時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)在句中一定有一個(gè)過(guò)去的的時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的過(guò)去。強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的過(guò)去。 9一般將來(lái)時(shí)怎樣使用？一般將來(lái)時(shí)怎樣使用？

24、翻譯下列句子，指出一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯下列句子，指出一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義1. (1)I will go to Hawaii to attend a fashion show next month. (2)Man will die without air or water. (3)You shall have the book as soon as I get it. (1)下個(gè)月我將去夏威夷參加時(shí)裝秀。 表主觀意愿主觀意愿。(2)沒(méi)有空氣和水人類將死亡。 表客觀必然客觀必然。(3)我一拿到書就給你。 用于第二、三人稱第二、三人稱表說(shuō)話人的允諾允諾。2. (1)My brother is g

25、oing to learn English next year. (2)There are many black clouds in the sky. It is going to rain. (1)我哥哥準(zhǔn)備明年學(xué)英語(yǔ)。表主觀打算主觀打算。(2)天上烏云密布。要下雨了。表根據(jù)客觀跡象主觀上判斷非常可能發(fā)生某事客觀跡象主觀上判斷非常可能發(fā)生某事。 9一般將來(lái)時(shí)怎樣使用？一般將來(lái)時(shí)怎樣使用？3. (1)You are not to smoke in this room. (2)Tomorrow is still to come. 4. My book is about to be publish

26、ed.9一般將來(lái)時(shí)怎樣使用？一般將來(lái)時(shí)怎樣使用？(1)你不許在這個(gè)房間里抽煙。 表建議建議“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”(否定表責(zé)備)。 (2)明天過(guò)了還有明天。 表客觀必然客觀必然。我的書即將出版。表即將、馬上發(fā)生某事即將、馬上發(fā)生某事。 一般將來(lái)時(shí)表達(dá)說(shuō)話時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的表達(dá)方式較多：主語(yǔ)will/shall do; 主語(yǔ)be going to do; 主語(yǔ)be to do; 主語(yǔ)be about to do; 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中一般式表將來(lái)；短暫性/位移動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞/既定計(jì)劃進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為:所有表示將來(lái)的點(diǎn)時(shí)

27、間(如 in 2050)或段時(shí)間(如 between 2050 and 2080)。 9 10將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)怎樣使用？翻譯句子，指出其時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯句子，指出其時(shí)態(tài)含義This time next week we shall be taking our exams. 下周這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們將在考試。表將來(lái)特定時(shí)間正在發(fā)生將來(lái)特定時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某階段正在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。表說(shuō)話者主觀上感覺某事即將發(fā)生，是對(duì)將來(lái)動(dòng)作的預(yù)測(cè)或期待對(duì)將來(lái)動(dòng)作的預(yù)測(cè)或期待，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。 除了this time tomorrow/next wee

28、k/標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)外，其他表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)均可用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。10 11將來(lái)完成時(shí)怎樣使用？將來(lái)完成時(shí)怎樣使用？翻譯下列句子，指出其時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯下列句子，指出其時(shí)態(tài)含義1. By seven oclock this afternoon we shall have got to Shanghai if the train keeps good time. 如果火車準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)，我們今天下午7點(diǎn)就到上海了。表到“今天下午7點(diǎn)”(將來(lái)時(shí)間將來(lái)時(shí)間)為止為止， “到達(dá)”動(dòng)作(get to)已經(jīng)發(fā)生已經(jīng)發(fā)生。2. By February next year the f

29、oreign expert will have been here on this job for five years. 到明年二月，這個(gè)外國(guó)專家在這兒做這項(xiàng)工作就滿5年了。表到“明年二月”(將來(lái)時(shí)間將來(lái)時(shí)間)為止為止，狀態(tài)(be)已經(jīng)持已經(jīng)持續(xù)續(xù)5年。11將來(lái)完成時(shí)怎樣使用？將來(lái)完成時(shí)怎樣使用？ 將來(lái)完成時(shí)主要表示到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間為止將要到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間為止將要完成的動(dòng)作完成的動(dòng)作，或表示到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間為止動(dòng)作表示到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間為止動(dòng)作(須為須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)作延續(xù)性動(dòng)作)或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，還可能繼續(xù)下去。 主要時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有by將來(lái)點(diǎn)時(shí)間。11 12過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)怎樣使用？過(guò)去

30、將來(lái)時(shí)怎樣使用？翻譯下列句子，指出過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義翻譯下列句子，指出過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)含義1. They asked me if I would go to Guangzhou soon.2. I told her I was going to see her that afternoon. 他們問(wèn)我是否很快要去廣州。用于間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作“去”發(fā)生在過(guò)去動(dòng)作“問(wèn)”后。我告訴她我那天下午要去看她。用于間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作“看”發(fā)生在過(guò)去動(dòng)作“告訴”后。3. She and I were to meet at an agreed place. 4. Mrs. Brown was

31、about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. 12過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)怎樣使用？過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)怎樣使用？她和我將在一個(gè)約定的地方見面。對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)來(lái)說(shuō)“見面”動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生尚未發(fā)生。布朗夫人剛要開始，但是珍妮先說(shuō)話了。當(dāng)時(shí)布朗夫人正要說(shuō)話，突然被珍妮打斷。 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示相對(duì)過(guò)去某時(shí)間而言相對(duì)過(guò)去某時(shí)間而言將要發(fā)生的事情，多用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。 表達(dá)形式多樣：主語(yǔ)would/should動(dòng)詞；主語(yǔ)was/were going to 動(dòng)詞；主語(yǔ)was/were to動(dòng)詞；主語(yǔ)was/were about動(dòng)詞。12 13一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有何異同？一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有何異同？翻譯下

32、列句子，辨析異同翻譯下列句子，辨析異同1. (1)I left home 3 years ago. (2)I have been away from home for 3 years.(1) 我3年前離開家里的。表示3年前的動(dòng)作。(2) 我離開家里3年了。 表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)3年。2. (1) I put the book in the drawer. (2) I have put the book in the drawer. (1) 我當(dāng)時(shí)把書放這個(gè)抽屜里了。隱含“書現(xiàn)在不一定在抽屜”。(2) 我已經(jīng)把書放抽屜里了。隱含“書現(xiàn)在在抽屜里”。13一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有何異同？一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成

33、時(shí)有何異同？相同：相同：一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作均發(fā)生在過(guò)過(guò)去去。不同：不同：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)帶來(lái)的結(jié)果對(duì)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響現(xiàn)在的影響，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過(guò)去發(fā)生了某一動(dòng)作或有某種狀態(tài)這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)，其結(jié)果不影響其結(jié)果不影響到現(xiàn)在到現(xiàn)在。在使用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)方面，有具體過(guò)去時(shí)間，則用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，短暫性動(dòng)作不能用于含有一段時(shí)間的完成時(shí)。 14現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)有何區(qū)別？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)有何區(qū)別？翻譯下列句子，辨析異同翻譯下列句子，辨析異同1. (1) We have completed the library. (2) The head teacher has been back

34、 for two days.(1)我們已經(jīng)修好了圖書館。表示“到現(xiàn)在為止”動(dòng)作“修”已經(jīng)完成。 (2)班主任已經(jīng)回來(lái)兩天了。表示“到現(xiàn)在為止” “回來(lái)”這一狀態(tài)已經(jīng)持續(xù)“兩天”。2. (1) We had completed the library by the end of last year. (2) We had been out of touch with each other for 20 years by the day we met again. 14現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)有何區(qū)別？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)有何區(qū)別？(1)到去年年底為止我們已修好圖書館。表示“到過(guò)去時(shí)間the en

35、d of last year為止”動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。(2)再次見面時(shí)我們已經(jīng)失去聯(lián)系20年了。表示“到過(guò)去時(shí)間the day we met again為止”“失去聯(lián)系”狀態(tài)已經(jīng)持續(xù)“20年”。 相同：相同：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)均表示到某一時(shí)間為止某一時(shí)間為止動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間。不同：不同：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到現(xiàn)在為止，可以沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，而過(guò)去完成時(shí)一定要有明顯的過(guò)去參照時(shí)間有明顯的過(guò)去參照時(shí)間。14 15現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有何區(qū)別？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有何區(qū)別？翻譯下列句子，辨析異同翻譯下列句子，辨析異同1. (1)I have read a novel. (2) I

36、have been reading a book. (1) 我已看過(guò)一本小說(shuō)。表示“看看”的動(dòng)作結(jié)束的動(dòng)作結(jié)束，“可能剛看過(guò)，也可能很久以前看的”。(2) 我一直在看一本小說(shuō)。表示“到現(xiàn)在為止，沒(méi)停到現(xiàn)在為止，沒(méi)停過(guò)，可能繼續(xù)看下去過(guò)，可能繼續(xù)看下去”。2. (1)The Mikes have lived here for three decades. (2)The Mikes have been living here for three decades.15現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有何區(qū)別？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有何區(qū)別？(1) 邁克一家住這兒30年了。到現(xiàn)在為止，動(dòng)作“住”持續(xù)了3

37、0年。(2) 邁克一家一直住這兒，有30年了。 到現(xiàn)在為止，動(dòng)作“住”沒(méi)有間斷地沒(méi)有間斷地持續(xù)了30年。3. (1)We have finished our performance. (2)We have been doing our performance.15現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有何區(qū)別？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有何區(qū)別？(1) 我們已經(jīng)表演完。表動(dòng)作“finish”的結(jié)束。(2) 我們一直在表演。表動(dòng)作“do”一直延續(xù)。相同：相同：兩者均表示到現(xiàn)在為止到現(xiàn)在為止的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。不同：不同：用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞可以是短暫性動(dòng)作(只是不接一段時(shí)間的完成時(shí))也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞，

38、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行，而且只能限于持續(xù)性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，短暫性動(dòng)作與狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能用于完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。15 16學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好哪些要點(diǎn)？學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好哪些要點(diǎn)？英漢互譯，注意動(dòng)詞的形式英漢互譯，注意動(dòng)詞的形式1. 李經(jīng)理為什么不在公司？ 他去上海了。 Why is Manager Li absent? Because he has gone to Shanghai.2. 自從去年年底以來(lái)，公司產(chǎn)量急劇增加。3. 明年這個(gè)時(shí)候，我會(huì)在美國(guó)看職業(yè)籃球賽。16學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好哪些要點(diǎn)？學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好哪些要點(diǎn)？The production of our company has sha

39、rply increased since the end of last year.I will be watching NBA in America this time next year.4. 難怪他很累，他一連工作了3個(gè)月周末都不休息。5. 我們眼看就要出發(fā)，突然接到電話說(shuō)會(huì)議推遲了。16學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好哪些要點(diǎn)？學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好哪些要點(diǎn)？No wonder he is tired. He has been working for three months without having a rest at the weekends.We were about to start to ha

40、ve a meeting when a call came informing us that the meeting had been put off.6. 我來(lái)辦公室半個(gè)小時(shí)了。你快點(diǎn)過(guò)來(lái)。7. (1)Its three years since we lived here. (2)Its three years since we began to live here.16學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好哪些要點(diǎn)？學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好哪些要點(diǎn)？I have been in the office for half an hour and come up to me soon.(1)我們搬家(不住這兒)3年了。(2

41、)我們住這兒3年了。8. (1)Please tell me when hell come here. (2)Please tell me about it，when he comes.(1)請(qǐng)告訴我他什么時(shí)候來(lái)這兒。 (2)當(dāng)他來(lái)了時(shí)，請(qǐng)告訴我這件事。16學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好哪些要點(diǎn)？學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好哪些要點(diǎn)？ 通過(guò)上述翻譯練習(xí)，可知要想準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)把握好如下要點(diǎn)：1動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)(句型公式)；2要掌握各種時(shí)態(tài)的常見時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：如“明年這個(gè)時(shí)候”常用于將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)；3掌握時(shí)態(tài)本身的含義。如表達(dá)將來(lái)時(shí)的“be about to do sth.”強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間逼近的將來(lái)，往往表達(dá)很快就要發(fā)

42、生某事；164注意時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用時(shí)的特定注意事項(xiàng)，如短暫性動(dòng)作不能用于含有一段時(shí)間的完成時(shí)；5注意相似表達(dá)及各時(shí)態(tài)之間的異同。如“have gone to”表示“到某地去了”；“ have been to”表示“去過(guò)某地”；166注意特殊句式的含義。如：“It is 段時(shí)間since主語(yǔ)過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)”句型中，若過(guò)去式動(dòng)作為延續(xù)性動(dòng)作，則主句時(shí)間應(yīng)從該動(dòng)作終止時(shí)算起。如：Its three years since we lived here.應(yīng)該理解為“我們從這兒搬家3年了”。因?yàn)閘ive是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作，“住”的終止時(shí)間就是“不住”，即“搬家”。 16編輯pptExercisesI usually _ up

43、 at 6:00, but yesterday I _ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _ up at 6:30. (get)Listen! Someone _ (knock) at the door.I _ (be) in Beijing for two years.How often _ Andy _ (surf) the internet?He fell asleep while he _ (read) a book.getwill getgotis knocking have been doessurfwas reading編輯ppt6. I _ never _ (

44、hear) of that man before.7. My brother often _ (go) for walks last summer.8. Lily said she _ (put) on the new dress the next day.9. _ the story _ (happen) in London in 1949?10. What _ his mother _ (do) when he opened the door?haveheardwentwould putDid happenwasdoing編輯ppt11. If it _ (not rain) tomorr

45、ow, they _ (go) fishing. 12. _ your mother _ the piano every Sunday?13. They _ (not) call you the day after tomorrow.14. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago.15. By the time I _ (walk) into the classroom, the teacher _ (start) teaching. doesnt rainwill go Does has workedwont walkedhad startedplay

46、編輯pptJenny Jenny _ (be) a foreign girl. She _ (come) from the United States. Look, she _ (draw) pictures in the living room. Two years ago, her parents _ (move) to China. Jenny _ (not have) any friends, so she _ (feel) lonely. But now, she _ (have) many Chinese friends and _ (study) with them everyd

47、ay. Jenny _ (visit) her grandparents in the United States next month.iscomesis drawingmoveddidnt havefelthasstudieswill visit編輯pptMonths ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no storm. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been calledB解析

48、解析雖然航海發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但是海洋的名稱不會(huì)因此而變化，所以要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。編輯ppt What would you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on ,since weve got everything ready. A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is rainingB解析解析if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。編輯ppt More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year.

49、A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sentlast year表示過(guò)去，再者主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式。解析解析B編輯ppt Whats the terrible noise？ The neighbours _ for a party. have prepared B. are preparing A. C. prepare D. will prepare上下文語(yǔ)境告訴我們是講現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事。解析解析B編輯pptYou were out when I dropped in at your house.Oh, I _ for a friend from

50、 England at the airport. A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waitedA該題是根據(jù)交際情景考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法。該題是強(qiáng)調(diào)在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間（你來(lái)我家時(shí)）正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（在機(jī)場(chǎng)等人），用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：“我順路去你家時(shí)，你不在家。”“啊，（那個(gè)時(shí)候）我在機(jī)場(chǎng)等從英國(guó)來(lái)的朋友。”解析解析編輯pptHe was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the

51、 bank.were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide解析解析have decided現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示父母已經(jīng)決定了。B編輯pptMillions of pounds worth of damage _by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 解析：“storm”后的定語(yǔ)從句有明確的時(shí)間

52、狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)ast night”，故主語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)確定為完成時(shí)，但D項(xiàng)為將來(lái)完成時(shí)，顯然與語(yǔ)境不符。B項(xiàng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，但本句強(qiáng)調(diào)昨晚發(fā)生的風(fēng)暴對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。解析解析A編輯pptWhere _ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere. I _ it right here. But now its gone.A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; put第一個(gè)空“放”這個(gè)動(dòng)作強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，“我找不到”第二個(gè)空“放”指過(guò)去

53、的一個(gè)動(dòng)作解析解析B編輯pptNow that she is out of a job, Lucy _going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. had considered B. has been considering C. considered A. D. is going to considerB根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作（考慮返校學(xué)習(xí)）持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（還沒(méi)有決定）今后還有可能進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。句意：既然露西失業(yè)了，她一直在考慮返校讀書，但她還沒(méi)有定下來(lái)。解析解析編輯pptWhen the old man _ to walk ba

54、ck to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountain.A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hidA主句的動(dòng)作在前，從句的動(dòng)作在后，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 started to walk back表示過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)，因此主句的動(dòng)作應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。解析解析編輯pptBy the end of last year, another new gymnasium _ in Beij

55、ing. A. would be completed B. was being completed C. has been completed D. had been completedD by the end of last year常與過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用，表示到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。解析解析編輯ppt1. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose _ to her?A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happenedC說(shuō)話者強(qiáng)調(diào)Jane 目前的狀

56、況.解析解析編輯ppt2. Hello, I _ you were in London. How long _ here?A. dont know; were you B. hadnt known; are you C. havent known; are D. didnt know; have you beenDdidnt know 強(qiáng)調(diào)見面前原不知道.解析解析編輯ppt3. Im glad to tell you that we _ the work in less time than we _ expected to.finished; were B. have finished; ar

57、e C. have finished; were A. D. had finished; wereC全句含義為 “我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)比預(yù)期的(強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去)提前完成任務(wù)( 強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在). 解析解析編輯ppt4. It _ that pleasant music keeps people from becoming tired at their work.finds B. has found A. C. was found D. has been foundD為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí), 強(qiáng)調(diào)that 從句的內(nèi)容現(xiàn)在已被發(fā)現(xiàn),為人所知.解析解析編輯ppt- Hi, Tracy, you look tired.

58、“- I am tired. I _ the living room all day.painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted C強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的延續(xù)，而非動(dòng)作的結(jié)果解析解析編輯ppt1.I dont really work here. I _ until the new secretary _.just help out; comes B. have just helped out; will come C. am just helping out; comes A. D. will just help o

59、ut; has come指目前一段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生或暫時(shí)的動(dòng)作, until 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,動(dòng)詞需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。解析解析C編輯ppt2.- When shall we leave? - As soon as I _ what I _.A. will finish; do B. have finished, am doing C. finish, will do D. finish, doas soon as 從句前省略了主句, 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)將來(lái)的結(jié)果用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí); what I am dong 指目前正在做的事. 解析解析B編輯ppt1.He _ a book about Chi

60、na last year, but I dont know if he _ it.wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish 正確選項(xiàng)為B. 從I dont know if he has finished it.推斷，他去年一直在寫。 解析解析B編輯ppt2.Tom_ into the house when no one _.slipped; was noticing B. had slipped; noticed C. slipped;