1、Unit 10 It's a nice day, isn't it?【單元目標】n.目標句型：1. It ' s a nice daysn ; t it? 2. What a nice day, isn ' t it?3. It looks like rain , doesn' t? 4. I hope so / not. 5. So do I.m.語法反意疑問句反意疑問句是對陳述句所表達的事實提出看法,問對方同不同意.它的結構由兩局部組成：陳述句+簡短問句.如果前一局部為肯定形式,后一局部用否認形式；前一局部為否認形式,后一局部就用肯定形式.一般來說,

2、簡短問句主語人稱的數、動詞時態應和陳述局部的主語人稱的數、動詞時態相一致.如：Mary likes reading , doesn' t she瑪麗喜歡讀書,是吧？前一局部為肯定形式,后一局部用否認形式Mary doesn' t like reading does she?瑪麗不喜歡讀書,是吧？前一局部為否認形式,后一局部就用肯定形式You' re a new student aren t you ?你是新來的學生,對吧？前一局部為肯定形式,后一局部用否認形式You aren' t a new student are you ?你不是新來的,對吧？前一局部為否認

3、形式,后一局部就用肯定形式1 .如果陳述句有一個助動詞 包才can, must, need等情態動詞,其簡短問句用同一個 助動詞.例如：You haven' t seen that film have you ?你沒有看過那部電影,是嗎？He can swim , can't he?他會游泳,對嗎？2 .如果陳述局部包含no, never, hardly , few , little , scarcely等否認詞,簡短問句部分應用肯定形式.例如：You have no time on Monday , have you?星期一你沒有時間,是嗎？He has never been

4、 to Shanghai, has he?他從沒去過上海,對嗎？They can hardly imagine how beautiful she is , can they? 他們很難想象出她是多么漂 亮,是嗎？3 .陳述句局部是there be句型時,簡短問句局部也用there be.例如：There are some people in the room, aren' t there 屋里有人,是嗎？4 .在英語口語中,I am后面的簡短問句用aren't I?例如：I' m late aren ' t?I我遲到了,是嗎？5 .當陳述句局部含有否認詞如no

5、thing , nobody等不定代詞時,簡短問句局部應用肯定結構.為防止重復,用代詞 it來代替nothing ;用they或he來代替nobody.例如：Everything goes well , doesn' t it一切順利,是嗎?Everyone is here, aren' t they注意：此句問句與前句動詞的數不一致.6 .祈使句后面的簡短問句使用 will you ? won' t you? would you ? can you ? can' t you would you ? shall we?它們不是真正的疑問句 (意為請),但常用升調

6、.won't用于邀請；will , would , can, can '及shall we用來告訴人們該做什么事,表請求.例如：Do sit down , won' t you?您請坐.Give me a pen, will you ?請給我一支筆.Open the door, would you ?請翻開門好嗎？Let' s go together shall we ?咱們一起走吧.7.在I think , I believe , I suppose, I guess等結構中,簡短問句的主語往往與從句的主 謂保持一致,例如：I think she '

7、s , ousn ' t she我想她出去了,是嗎？I don ' t believe it sstriue我認為那不是真的,對嗎？注意：在答復反意疑問句的問題時,如果答復是肯定的,要用yes,否認的要用no,在第一局部是否認形式時要特別注意,這時的英語答復與漢語答復是有區別的.例如：This isn ' t yoursis it?這不是你的,是嗎？Yes, it is. 不,是我的.No, it isn ' t. 對,不是我的.【重點詞匯】1. last持續,為延續性動詞,可與一段時間及How long連用如：America Civil War lasted

8、for four years.美國內戰持續了 四年.Our holidays lasted for ten days.我們休了 十天假.2. always頻度副詞,意思是：永遠,一直,總是(1)always , usually , often, sometimes, hardly ever 和 never 是頻度副詞,與疑問詞 how often對應.它在句中位于實義動詞之前, 情態動詞(may, can, would , could等)、助動詞(do, did , does, have, had等)、連系動詞(be)之后.He is always wearing that blue shir

9、t.他總是穿著那件藍色的襯衣.I always think of her in that dress.我總是想起她穿著那件連衣裙的樣子.(2)always與進行時連用,常帶有感情色彩.The boy is always telling lies.這孩子總是說謊.(表示生氣)He is always talking to his father like that他老是那樣和他父親說話.(表示不滿)3. alone(1)alone形容詞,意為 單獨的；獨一無二的",只可作表語.I am not alone in this opinion.不只是我一個有這想法.(2)alone也可作副詞,

10、意為 單獨,單獨“.He alone knows the secret.只有他一人知道秘密.She lived alone. 她獨居.The key alone will open the door.只有這把鑰匙能開這個門.He did it all alone.這事是他一個人干的.4. cross(1)cross作動詞,意為 橫渡,渡過；越過They crossed the road. 他們過了 馬路.(2)cross作動詞時,還可表示 交叉,相交；錯過.例如：We crossed each other on the way.我們在途中錯過了.(3)近義詞：pass穿過5. along(1)

11、along作副詞(與動詞連用),意為往前,向前Let us walk along.讓我們往前走.(2)along作副詞時,還可表示共同,一起“.例如：I took my brother along.我帶著弟弟.(3)along還可作介詞,意為沿著“.例如：We walked along the river.我們沿著河走.6. feel like表示 感覺是,似乎What' s this in my pocket? It feels like a nut.什么東西在我口袋里？摸上去像是個堅果.feel like后可接doing sth,表示 喜歡(愿意)做某事.I feel like s

12、taying at home to the weekends.我喜歡周末待在家里.7. enjoy是帶有欣賞性質的喜歡,喜愛,且含享受之意.例如：I think everyone enjoyed your wonderful party我想所有的人都非常欣賞你們的精彩晚會.enjoy doing表示 喜歡,樂意做某事,指從某件事中享受到樂趣.例如：I enjoy listening to music.我很喜歡聽音樂.8. be good at表示 擅長,在方面做得好,at后面跟名詞、代詞或動名詞.He is good at swimming.他擅長游泳.What subjects are yo

13、u good at?你擅長哪些科目?She is good at math.她擅長數學.He is good at singing.他擅長唱歌.近義詞組：do well in ,更強調一次性做得好.You did well in the Chinese exam.你這次語文測試考得好.9. clean表示清掃,及物動詞,還有形容詞詞性.(1)clean作動詞,意為 清掃,弄干凈.The students are cleaning the classroom.學生們在清掃教室.(2)clean還可作形容詞,意為干凈的“,其反義詞為dirty.Please keep the classroom c

14、lean and tidy.請保持教室干凈整潔.【重難點分析】1) He sure is!他確實很好！此處sure是副詞,意為 確實,一定“.It sure was a cold day.確實是個冷天.2) ) 口語中可以單獨使用,表示 同意.Are you going?你去嗎？Sure.當然啦.(3)sure還常用作表語.其用法如下： be sure of表示 對有把握,肯定 .I' m serof his coming.我確信他能來.be sure that 表示 確定,確信 .I ' m sure that he will come.我確信他能來.2. It looks

15、like rain , doesn' t it?看起來要下雨了,不是嗎？(1)it作代詞,在本句中指天氣",it還可指 時間,距離例如:It ' s a fine day today. 今天天氣很好. It ' s seven o ' clock. 現在 7 點了.It ' s two kilometers away from my home to school.從我家到學校有 2 千米遠.(2)本句中100k作系動詞,后可接形容詞、名詞.She looks very sad.她看上去很傷心.You look very happy today.

16、今天你看上去很快樂.3. Do you think it ' ll stop by noon?你認為到中午雨會停嗎？(1)think后引導的是一個賓語從句,用陳述句語序.Do you think she can carry the box?你認為她能搬動這個箱子嗎？(2)by表示時間,指 在前,不遲于,至ij時(為止)",相當于beforeoCan you finish your work by 6 pm?下午6點前你們能完成工作嗎？By the time we got there , the bus had already gone. 當我們到達那兒時, 公共汽 車已經走了

17、.by也可以表示方法、手段,意為同,靠,用,通過by phone 用 by bus乘公共汽車在旁,靠近 “相當于 beside, near等.我坐在窗子旁.我希望公共汽車很快就來.by還可以表示位置,意為I sit by the window.4. I hope the bus comes soon.soon表示 不久,很快,指的是時間上的快.I want to get your letter soon. The winter comes soon.(2)hope意為希望“,表示的是 式或從句作賓語.I hope to hear from you soon.I hope it will be

18、fine tomorrow.我想盡快收到你的來信.冬天馬上就要來了.宥把握、有信心實現某一愿望,它后面常接動詞不定5. Thank you so much for inviting me.(1)這是對別人提出邀請的禮貌答語.表示致謝的原因,表示 由于而感謝你我希望不久收到你的來信.我希望明天是好天氣.非常感謝你邀請我.thanks for后接名詞或動名詞形式,用 表示感謝最簡單最常用的方式是說for引起要Thank you或Thanks(這是更隨便的說法).Thank you for telling me.謝謝你告訴我.Thank you for a delicious lunch.謝謝你的美

19、味午餐.Thank you for giving me so much help.謝謝你給了我如此多的幫助.Thanks for your help.謝謝你的幫助.(2)invite作及物動詞,后常跟 人,也常與to連用,表示 邀請某人去She invited us to her party.她邀請我們參加她的聚會.如果你當面邀請人,不可用 invite,需用would you like來表達.例如：Would you like to come to the party?你們愿意來參加聚會嗎？6. I ' m going ask my cousin , Tommy , to go wi

20、th me.我打算要我的表兄湯米和我起去.(1)Tommy在本句中作 my cousin的同位語,是對 my cousin的補充說明.My sister, Jane, is a student. 我妹妹,簡,是一名學生.(2)to go在這里是ask的賓語補足語,即ask sb to do sth,表示 要求某人做某事.“例如:My boss asked me to finish the work before six o ' clock.老板要求我在下午 6點前完成這項工作.He always asks me to help him with his homework.他經常讓我幫助

21、他做作業.(3)本句中with是指 和某人在一起,后常跟名詞或代詞作賓語,其后假設跟人稱代詞時,要用賓格形式.I am going to the park with my mother.=My mother and I are going to the park.我打算和媽媽起去公園.I spend a good time with my students.我和學生們共度美好時光.7. He said he'd help me with my math project .他說他將幫助我做數學作業.(1)這是一個含有賓語從句的主從復合句,賓語從句為過去將來時.不管是什么人稱后, 這個時態

22、均由“would副詞原形構成,這個時態常常用在賓語從句中,特別是用于賓語從句中,其主語應是一般過去時.I knew you would agree.我知道你會同意的.I said l would arrange everything.我說我要安排一切.He told me he would wait for me outside.他告訴我他將在外邊等我.I asked if he would come and mend my television set.我問他可否來修我的電視機.(2)help sb. with sth.是固定搭配.May I help you with your lugga

23、ge?我幫你拿行李好嗎 ？Let me help you off with your coat.我來幫你脫上衣.Please help me up with this heavy box.請幫我把這個大箱子抬上去.(3)句中project意為 作業.In their geography class, the children are doing a special project on North American Indians.在地理課上,孩子們正在做一個有關北美印第安人的特別作業.I did my physics project with my classmates in my hous

24、e yesterday evening.昨天晚上我與我班的同學在我家做家庭作業.8. Paul and I are good friends. We get along well because we both like sports.我和保羅是好朋友,我們相處得很好,由于我們倆都喜歡運動.兩者)都,在句中常用在系/助/情態動詞之后,行為動詞之前.我們倆都很高.他們倆都是男孩.我們倆都留短發.他們倆都在這所學校讀書.我父母都喜歡遠足.(1)both 表示 We are both tall.They are both boys.We both have short hair They both

25、go to this school. My parents both like hiking.(2)both常與and連用,意為 不但而且；既又:用于連接兩個并列成 分.假設連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞須用復數形式.Both New York and London have traffic problems.紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題.The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish 這位秘書不但能說而且能寫西班牙Both teaching and research work are making great strides.教學與科研都在大踏步前進.(3)g

26、et along也可寫作get on,表示 相處“.例如：Do you get along well with your parents?你和父母相處得好嗎？Lily gets along well with Lucy.莉莉和露西相處得很好.How do you get along with your classmates?你和同學們相處得怎么樣？【詞語辨析】1. 時間介詞in, on, at in(1)表示在較長的時間里(如周/月份/季節/年份/世紀等).如：in a week ; in May ; in spring /summer/autumn/winter; in 2022 ; in

27、the 1990 ' s等.(2)表示在上午、下午或晚上.如： in the morning/afternoon/evening.(3)in the daytime(在白天)屬于固定搭配,指從日出到日落這一段時間,反義詞組是in thenight.(4) “in+ 一段時間表示 多久以后/以內,常與將來時連用. 如：in half an hour; in ten minutes ; in a few days 等.on后面所接的時間多與日期有關.具體用法有：(1)表示在具體的某一天(如日期、生日、節日或星期幾 ).如：on May 4th , 1919; on Monday ; on

28、Teachers ' Dayon my birthday ; on that day 等.(2)表示某一天的上午、下午或晚上.如：on the morning of July 2 ; on Sunday afternoon ; on a cold winter evening 等. at具體用法有：(1)表示在某一具體時刻,即幾點幾分.如：at six o ' clockat half past nine; at a quarter to six；at this time 等.(2)表示在某一短暫的時間.如：at noon； at this moment; at the end

29、 of a year； at the start of the concert 等.(3)It lasts from June to August.2. borrow , lend 和 keep 的區別：這三個詞在漢語中都可譯為借,但其用法不同,不能互換.對于動詞的主語是惜進貝U用 borrow , 其句型為 "borrow from 如：I borrowed a book from the school library this afternoon.今天我從圖書館借了一本書.對于動詞的主語是 借出那么用lend,其句型為“ lendto 如：I can lend my bike t

30、o you , but you mustn't lend it to others.我可以把我的自行車借給你,但你一定不要把它借給別人.如果所借的東西要保存一段時間,用 keep.如：“How long can I keep the book? " "Weeks."這本書我可以借多久？“兩個星期.3. hope與wish均可表示 希望,想“,均可用to do不定式作賓語,不可用 doing.其不 同之處在于：“wish+語+to do還可表示 命令"；hope不能這樣用.例如：I wish you to go.我要你去.(2)hope后不能直接跟

31、名詞作賓語,但能跟“for+S詞,表示可能實現的希望；wish雖也能跟“for銘詞,但表示難以實現的愿望.例如：I hope for success.我希望成功.(可能性很大)I wish for a car.我很想得到小汽車.(難以實現的愿望)hope和wish都可跟that從句,但“hope+tha隊句"表示 希望"；"wish+thatM句表示 愿望,但從句用過去時表示虛擬語氣,即不太可能實現的愿望或與事實相反.例如：I hope you will be better soon.我希望你盡快好起來.I wish I were ten years younge

32、r.但愿我能年輕 10 歲.(4)wish可跟雙賓語,表示祝福.例如：We wish you a happy life.祝你生活幸福.4. enjoy, like與love都可表達 喜愛的意思,但含義和用法有所不同.(1)enjoy在意思上側重于 享受某種樂趣,后接名詞或動名詞作賓語,不能接不定式.enjoy還可以與反身代詞連用,即enjoy oneself,表示 玩得很快樂"(=havea good time).例如：The man is enjoying his dinner.刃B個男人正津津有味地吃飯.My father enjoys listening to the radi

33、o.我父親愛聽播送.Did the children enjoy themselves in the park?孩子們在公園里玩得愉快嗎？(2)like意為喜歡,喜愛,是一般用語,主要是指對某人或某物產生好感或發生興趣, 不帶有感情色彩,后面可接名詞、代詞、動名詞、動詞不定式作賓語.例如：Everyone in China likes Mid-Autumn Festival.在中國,每個人都喜歡中秋節.He likes his students to work hard.他喜歡他的學生努力學習.(3)love表示 愛,熱愛,愛戴,有強烈的感情,相當于likevery much,側重于對祖國 及

34、較親近的人的深厚感情.在口語中它往往又指一般的喜愛,這時與like的意思很相近,可以互換.后面也可接名詞、動名詞或動詞不定式.例如：We love our motherland.我們熱愛我們的祖國.They love playing / to play basketball.他們愛打籃球.(4)like和love者B可與would , should連用,表示 愿意做某事.例如：I ' d like / love to go with you.我愿意和你們一起去.5. how often , how long , how soon 與 how muchhow often表示多長時間一次或

35、者每隔多久一次",often是常常之意,表示次數 很多.How often does Mary go to visit the museum?瑪麗多久去參觀一次博物館？Twice a year.一年兩次.How often do you see a film?你多長時間看一次電影？Once a month.每月一次.Do you know how often Lily visit her grandparents?你知道莉莉多長時間去看一次她的爺爺奶奶嗎？Once a week.一周一次.(2)long表示物體的長度或時間的長度.how long表示多長或多久,多長時間之意.How

36、long can you stay at home during summer holiday?暑假你能在家待多久？-More than two months.大約兩個月.How long is this river?這條河有多長？指長度It ' s about 2658 kilometres.大約 2658 公里.(3)how soon通常表示一般將來時,意為再等多長時間？多長時間才？ ,是對“in時間段(in ten minutes / two hours / a week睫問.Can you tell me how soon you can be ready?你能告訴我你多久能準

37、備好嗎？(4)How much is / are ? 多少錢？假設詢問某一商品多少錢時,一般用How much is / are 這一句型,商品是單數或不那件毛衣多少錢？210 元.這些香蕉多少錢?25元.可數名詞時用is,商品是復數時用are.How much is that sweater?Two hundred and ten yuan.How much are the bananas?They are twenty-five yuan.詢問商品的價格,還有以下幾種問法:How much , please? 請問多少錢？How much do you want for it?這些東西你要

38、多少錢?How much do you say it is?你說要多少錢？6. across, through 與 cross都有 穿過,通過之意.across和through是介詞,cross是動詞.(1)cross相當于 動詞+across,常用于指 橫穿“.Be careful when you cross the road.=Be careful when you go across the road.當你橫穿馬路時定要小心.(2)across指從物體的一側到另一側或從某個范圍的一邊到另一邊.它和 on有關,表示 從面上穿過.Can you swim across the river?

39、你能游過這條河嗎？(3)though指 從中通過,著重指從空間的一頭縱穿到另一頭,含義與 in有關.It took him one hour to walk through the forest.他花費了一個小時的時間穿過那片森林. Exercises for new words(生詞專練)I . Fill in the blank according to the sentence meaning and the first letter.根據句意及首字母提示填空.1 .There is one child a in the room.2 .We use the e to go up and

40、 down the building.3 . Look! It 's raining outside, you'd better put on your raincoat or take an u.4.If you want to know the answer to the problem, you should look t books in the library.5.When the _t lights are red, you must stop and wait.參考答案：l.alone 2.elevator JAinihrcIki. 4.lhrongh 5.tra

41、ffic Exercises for phrase4短語專練n . Choose the proper phrase to complete the sentence.選擇正確的短語完成以下句子.at least help.with. come along look through on TV think of wait for have his 90th birthday party1. He looks old, I think he is 50 years old.2. In weekdays, many people get up early to buses.3. There is

42、a film tonight.4. Do you often your childhood?5. Can you me my problem?6. Everything well.7. If you don't know the meaning of the words,the word list.8. Mr Wang will be 90 years old. He will.參考答案：1.at least 2.wait for 3.on TV 4.think of 5.help;with 6 es along9. look through 8.have his 90th birth

43、day party Exercises for function item s交際用語專練出.Renumber the following sentences to make a complete dialogue.重新排列以下句子,組成一個完整的對話.A. The story was very interesting, wasn 't it?B. Yes, they are. If the people are friendly to them, the animals are also friendly to the people.C. Did you watch TV last

44、night?D. I like, too. The animals are very interesting, aren 't they?E. Yes, I did.F. I don't think so. I'm afraid of fight thrillers. I like funny stories.G. That's true. I wish the animals and we will live in a friendly world.H.I don ' t like funny stories. I like science. So I

45、 like to watch“ Animal World1.2.3.4.5. 6.7.8.參考答案：1.C 2.E 3.A 4.F 5.H 6.D 7.B 8.G Exercises for gramma語法專練 IV. Find out the true sentences or false sentences.判斷以下反意疑問句的正T誤F.1. Molly is a teacher, isn't Molly?2. The weather isn't fine, is it?3. Sally came here last month, doesn 't she?4.

46、It 's summer in Australia now, doesn't it?5. Bruce comes from Australia, doesn't he?6. There weren 't enough nuts, were there?7. I think he is a teacher, doesn 't he?8. The man had bread for lunch, hadn't he?9. Mary can speak a little English, can 't she?10. Nothing is wr

47、ong with the watch, is it?參考答案：1.F 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.F 8.F 9.T 10.T再接再厲課后穩固類練習 Elementary exercises礎題I plete the dialogue with the proper word.用適當的單詞完成對話.A ： It's fine today, 1 it?B: Yes,2 .We have beautiful sunshine everyday.A: 3the way, are you 4 Paris?B: No, I'm not. I come from Londo

48、n. I 'm5a visit to this city.A: 6is the weather in fall in your city?B: Pardon? Will you please 7 that again, please?A: What's the weather 8 in fall in your city?B: Well, I 'm 9 I don ' t follow you. What do you mean by"in fallA: I mean “in autumn ".B: Oh, I 10 .It's cl

49、oudy and cool.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.參考答案：1.isn't 2.it is3.By 4.from 5.on6.How 7.say 8.like 9.sorry10.see Integrated exercises綜合題 n .Multiple choice 單項選擇1. Joan has to finish her work now,?A. has sheB. hasn't sheC. does sheD. doesn't she答案：D反意疑問句前面是肯定形式,后面要用否認形式,本句是一般現在時.2. The train will

50、stop here,?A. couldn't it B. won't itC. doesn;t itD. is it答案：B 前面是will的肯定形式,后面要用其否認形式.3. Ann is a new student,?A. don't sheB. doesn't sheC. is sheD. isn't she答案：D 前面是is的肯定形式, 后面要用isn't.4. We had a hard time the taxi.A. catchB. to catchC. catchingD. catched答案：C have a hard tim

51、e doing sth.為固定搭配,意為 做有困難5. The villagers are friendly us.A. forB. toC. atD. in答案：B 對 友好用be friendly to.出.Rewrite the sentence according to the requirement.根據要求改寫句子.1. It ,s very cold today.改為反意疑問句It's very cold today,?2. You gave me much help. I thank you.兩句合一句Thank you me.3. Your apartment is quite comfortable.改為反意疑問句Your apartment is quite comfortable,?4. I have taught in this school for one year.改為同義句I to teach in this school year.5. He told me. I got to school at seven today.兩句合一句He said got to school at seven day.參考答案：1.答案：isn&