1、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)用法小結(jié)【用法】        過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。即:過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)是“立足過(guò)去,著眼未來(lái)”的一種時(shí)態(tài), 常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。判斷這種時(shí)態(tài)的依據(jù)是:要有表示過(guò)去的“動(dòng)作”,而不是時(shí)間。如: I heard that they were going to return to Shanghai soon.   我聽(tīng)說(shuō)他們不久要回到上海。【構(gòu)成】由助動(dòng)詞“would/should+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,should主要用于主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)時(shí);would可用于各種人

2、稱(chēng)。如:Whenever we had trouble, he would come to help us.不論何時(shí)我們遇到困難,他總會(huì)給予幫助。由“was/were going to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。如:No one knew when he was going to come. 沒(méi)有人知道他什么時(shí)候來(lái)。【注意】表示“往來(lái)”時(shí)空變化的短暫性動(dòng)詞如“go, come, arrive, travel, start, begin, leave, move, fly, return, take off”等,通常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)來(lái)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)。如:He said they were leaving at

3、seven. 他說(shuō)他們將于七點(diǎn)動(dòng)身。一、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的含義過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)常用于賓語(yǔ)從句和間接引語(yǔ)中。例如：I didnt know if he would come.我不知道他是否會(huì)來(lái)。They never knew that population would become a big problem.他們從來(lái)都不知道人口問(wèn)題將會(huì)成為一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。She didnt tell me where she would go.她沒(méi)有告訴我她要去哪兒。Betty said she would visit the Great Wall next Sat

4、urday.貝蒂說(shuō)下周六她要去參觀長(zhǎng)城。二、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的表達(dá)法（一）“would+動(dòng)詞原形”。常表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。例如He said he would come to see me.他說(shuō)他要來(lái)看我。He told me he would go to Beijing.他告訴我他將去北京。（二）“was/ were+going to+動(dòng)詞原形”。常可用來(lái)表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事。例如：She said she was going to start off at once.她說(shuō)她將立即出發(fā)。I was told that he was going to return home.有人告

5、訴我他準(zhǔn)備回家。此結(jié)構(gòu)還可表示根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)情況判斷有可能但不一定會(huì)發(fā)生某事。例如：It seemed as if it was going to rain.看來(lái)好像要下雨。（三）come， go， leave， arrive， start等動(dòng)詞可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。例如：He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.他說(shuō)火車(chē)將于第二天早晨六點(diǎn)離開(kāi)。She told me she was coming to see me.她告訴我她要來(lái)看我。（四）條件狀語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。例如：I didnt kn

6、ow when she would come， but when she came I would let you know.我不知道她什么時(shí)候來(lái)，但她來(lái)了我會(huì)告訴你。The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didnt work hard.老師說(shuō)，如果我不努力學(xué)習(xí)的話(huà)，就很難取得進(jìn)步。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)典型錯(cuò)誤例析1. 我們不知道他是否要在會(huì)上發(fā)言。誤：We didnt know whether he is going to speak at the meeting.正：We didnt know w

7、hether he was going to speak at the meeting.析：該句主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，且賓語(yǔ)從句表示從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以從句要用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。2. 老師問(wèn)湯姆長(zhǎng)大后準(zhǔn)備干什么。誤：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he would grow up.正：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up.析：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。3. 他們說(shuō)如果下星期天不下雨他們就去農(nóng)場(chǎng)。誤：

8、They said that they were going to the farm if it would not rain the next Sunday.正：They said that they were going to the farm if it didnt rain the next Sunday.析：在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，也常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去看來(lái)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。4. 王林打電話(huà)告訴她媽媽?zhuān)I(mǎi)一些書(shū)。誤：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she should buy some books.正：Wang Lin rang up

9、 to tell her mother that she would buy some books.析：過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)可以由“助動(dòng)詞should/would+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，但should一般只用于第一人稱(chēng)。而would可用于各種人稱(chēng)。5. 上次我見(jiàn)到你時(shí)，你正打算開(kāi)始乘火車(chē)去西藏。誤：Last time I saw you， you had started to go to Tibet by train.正：Last time I saw you， you were going to start to go to Tibet by train.“was/ were about to +動(dòng)詞原形”

10、,可以表示過(guò)去即將發(fā)生的事情。 如:The US said that the war on Iraq was about to start in a week. 美國(guó)說(shuō)伊拉克之戰(zhàn)將在一周后打響。I. 選擇填空( )1. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day. A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit( )2. I hoped Tina _ to my birthday p

11、arty on time the next Wednesday. A. to come B. is coming C. will come D. was coming( )3. Father said that he _ me to Beijing the next year. A. took B. would take C. takes D. will take( )4. We were not sure whether they _ more vegetables. A. are going to grow B. were going to grow C. will grow D. hav

12、e grown( )5. She _ to work when the telephone rang. A. is going B. will go C. was about to go D. is to goII. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Miss Zhang said she _(visit) the Great Wall next summer.2. She told him that she _(not stay) here for long.3. I wasnt sure whether Lucy_(come) the next year.4. The scientists s

13、aid the worlds population _ (slow) down in future.Key: I. 1-5 DDBBC        II. 1. would visit   2. would not stay   3. would come   4. would slow一、 單選1- The plane is leaving right now, but Jim hasn't arrived yet.- Well, he sai

14、d he _here on time.A came B would come C can be D will be2 As soon as the baby saw her mother, she _.A was going to cry B cryed C began to cry D was crying3 Li Ming said he _happy if Brian_to China next month.A as; come B was; would come C would be; came D will be; come4Jenny said she _her holiday in China.A spent B would spent C was going to spent D would spend二、 填空1 She said the bus _(leave) at five the next morning.2 I wasn't sure whethe