1、Unit One Learning a Foreign Language Warm-up ExercisesSome questions for you to discuss:1.What problems do you have in trying to learn English in your middle school?Suggested Words for discussion:to be faced with, pronunciation, grammar rules, cultural background, vocabulary etc. Warm-up ExercisesSo

2、me questions for you to discuss:2. Why do you think the computer can help you in learning English?Suggested Words for discussion:allow access to sth, network, regular classroom study, suitable for me, have freedom to set the pace of study, to my taste, exchange ideas with native speakers Warm-up Exe

3、rcisesSome questions for you to discuss:3. What other things do you think we can gain through English language learning?Suggested Words for discussion:rewarding, the value of practice, insights into other cultures, communicate with people, favorite activity Background Information. Online learning On

4、line learning, a form of distance education, refers to learning and other supportive resources that are available through a networked computer. With the development of the Internet, online learning often takes place on the Internet. In an online lesson, the computer displays material (often in web b

5、rowsers) in response to a learners request. The computer asks the learner for more information and presents appropriate material based on the learners input. Background Information The material can be as simple as traditional lessons and tests that are transcribed into a computer program. The materi

6、al can also be a complex system that tracks users input and suggests learning material as a result. Or the material can be a work session that occurs through a real time chat; learning occurs through the interaction. The material can be presented as text, graphics, animated graphics, audio, video, o

7、r a combination of these that are displayed in web browsers or other multimedia players such as Windows Media Player. Background Information 2. Junior middle school It refers to the stage in the Chinese education system which follows primary school and includes years six through nine in the school t

8、ime sequence. Normally, students are 12 or 13 years of age when they begin the sixth or transition year of junior middle school. In the American system, junior middle school most closely approximates middle school or junior high school in which the beginning or ending years of this period may vary s

9、lightly from region to region. The beginning age is about the same as that of junior middle school students in China. Background Information3. Senior middle school Senior middle school, the stage in the Chinese education system which follows junior middle school, includes years ten through twelve in

10、 the school sequence. Normally, students are 16 or 17 years of age when they begin senior middle school. Senior middle school most closely parallels high school in the American system which may sometimes include year nine as transition year. Students who graduate at this level in both systems may ch

11、oose to write a university entrance examination: the National University Entrance Exam in China and the SAT or Scholastic Aptitude Test in America.Text Analysis: A: Learning IdeasMain idea: Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my life.Text Analy

12、sis: Devices of DevelopingDevices for developing :Deduction Organization(演繹法演繹法): (從從general 到到specific)Sequence of Time and Space (時空時空順序法順序法)Comparison and Contrast(對比法對比法)Details Text Analysis: Devices of DevelopingDevices for developing :Deduction Organization: from general to specific:1)My expe

13、rience in junior middle school (Para. 2): a kind and patient teacher who praised all of the students positive methodeagerly answered questions, at the top of my class2)My experience in senior middle school (Para. 3):an (impatient) teacherpunished those who made mistakesshaking it up and downshoutedl

14、ose my eagerness / desire to say anything in English3) My experience at college(Para. 4): far from perfectvery large class and better students feel intimidated afraid to speakat the same level forever4)My experience with the online course (Para. 5-7):require commitment and discipline virtual classro

15、ompractice all the timecry with frustrationfeel like giving upreaped the benefits of hard work5) Conclusion (Para. 8): a most trying experience, but one that I would not trade for anythingteach me the value of hard workgive me insights into another culturemy mind opened to new ways of seeing thingst

16、he most wonderful result of having learned a foreign language communicate with many more people than beforeone of my favorite activitiesbridge the gap between my culture and theirsText Analysis: Devices of DevelopingDevices for developing :Typical Sentences:1) My experience with a foreign language b

17、egan in junior middle school. (Para. 2)2) When I went to senior middle school. (Para.3)3) However, that state didnt last long. When I went to college. (Para. 4)4) That was the situation until a couple of years later, when .participated in the virtual classroom. (Para. 5)5) I had finally reaped the b

18、enefits of all that hard work. (Para. 7)Sequence of Time and SpaceText Analysis: Devices of DevelopingDevices for developing :Conjunctions: yet, while, unlike, although, but “difficult”:frustrating, punish, lose my desire to say anything in English, very large, far from perfect, feel intimidated, af

19、raid to speak, stay at the same level, cry with frustration, feel like giving up“rewarding”:well worth the effort, at the top of my class, eager to study, understand about everything, reap the benefits of all that hard work, teach me the value of hard work, give me insights into another culture, abl

20、e to bridge the gap between culturesThe comparison and contrast is centered around “the most difficult” and “the most rewarding”.: Summary Summary : Understanding Understanding: ReproductionReproduction: Structure AnalysisStructure Analysis The author presents readers with his own language learning

21、experiences at different stages. And at different stages, the author met different teachers and consequently formed different attitudes towards English learning. Now find the information to fill in the blanks.I. UnderstandingI. UnderstandingText StudyUnderstandingPara(sPara(s). ). TopicTopic 1 Gener

22、al experiences of learning a foreign language: _ yet _. 2 Experiences in _. 3 Experiences in _. 4 Experiences at _.5-7 Experiences about _. 8 Benefits of learning a foreign language.rewardingjunior middle school senior middle schoolcollegeonline learningdifficultThe Topic of Each PartThe Topic of Ea

23、ch PartText StudyUnderstandingIn junior middle school (Para.2):The teacher: _ _The author: _ _kind and patient, positive,often praising the students at the top of my class, eagerly answering all the questions, never worrying much about making mistakesText StudyUnderstandingIn senior middle school (P

24、ara.3):The teacher: _ _ _The author: _ _punishing quickly, pointing a long stick at us and shaking it up and down, shouting “No! No! No!”losing my eagerness, losing my joy, losing my desireText StudyUnderstandingAt college (Para.4):The teacher: _ _The classes: _ _ The author: _ _patient and kind, no

25、 pointed sticksfeeling intimidated, afraid to speak, staying at the same levelvery large, many students spoke much better than I didText StudyUnderstandingThe on-line learning (Paras.57):The on-line learning requires: _ The author (at the beginning): _ _ The author (finally): _ _much time, commitmen

26、t, disciplinereaping the benefits of all the hard workmaking many mistakes, crying out of frustration, feeling like giving upText StudyUnderstandingThe benefits of learning a foreign language (Para.8): 1.2.3._Teaching me the value of hard work._Giving me insights into another culture.Enabling me to

27、communicate with more people.Text StudyUnderstandingII. Structure AnalysisII. Structure AnalysisGeneral Statement + Specific Details + Conclusion What is the General Statement? What are the specific details? What is the conclusion?A. The Writing Model ofA. The Writing Model ofText StudyStructure Ana

28、lysisThe General Statement (the Main Idea)The General Statement (the Main Idea)Learning a foreign language was oneof the most difficult yet most rewardingexperiences of my life.(Para.1) Text StudyStructure AnalysisThe Specific DetailsThe Specific DetailsEnglish Learning Experiences: Difficult : a. _

29、. (Para. 3) b. at college. ( _ )Rewarding : a. _. (Para. 2) b. with the online course. ( _ ) in junior middle schoolPara.4in senior middle schoolParas.57Text StudyStructure AnalysisConclusionConclusionLearning a foreign language has been amost trying experience for me, but onethat I wouldn t trade f

30、or anything.(Para. 8) Text StudyStructure AnalysisB. The way to develop paragraphs:B. The way to develop paragraphs: cause and effect The cause and effect technique can make clear the reasons why something happens by showing the relation between cause and effect.Text StudyStructure AnalysisList the

31、cause and effect of List the cause and effect of ParasParas. 2, 3, and 4. 2, 3, and 4.Text StudyStructure AnalysisThe kind and patient teacher often praised the students.Cause:Effect:I eagerly answered questions, not worrying about making mistakes. I was at the top of my class.Para. 2Text StudyStruc

32、ture AnalysisCause:Effect:I lost my eagerness to answer questions and my desire to say anything in English. The new teacher quickly punished those who gave wrong answers.Para. 3Text StudyStructure AnalysisEffect:I was afraid to speak. My English seemed to stay at the same level.Large classes made me

33、 only able to answer a couple of questions in each class period. Many students spoke much better than I did.Cause:Para. 4Text StudyStructure AnalysisIII. SummaryIII. Summary Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most _ . Although at times, learning a language was frustrating,

34、 it was _. In junior middle school, my foreign teacher _ all of the students. I benefit a lot from this positive teaching method. In senior middle school, the teacher always _ those who gave incorrect answers. So I _ _ in answering questions and my desire to saypraisedpunishedwell worth the effortlo

35、st myrewarding experiences joyText StudySummaryTo be continued anything at all in English. In college, I had no _ to speak in class. I felt intimidated. _ changed everything. Although it requires much _, _ and _ to keep up with the flow of the course, I succeeded in foreign language learning. Learni

36、ng a foreign language has been a most _. I have learned _ into another culture as well as the language mitmenttrying experienceinsights Online learningtimeopportunitydisciplineText StudySummaryText Analysis: Para 1 Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experien

37、ces of my life. Although at times, learning a language was frustrating, it was well worth the effort. Text Analysis: Para 2 My experience with learning a foreign language began in junior middle school, when I took my first English class. I had a kind and patient teacher who often praised all of the

38、students. Because of this positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions I could, never worrying much about making mistakes. I was at the top of my class for two years. Text Analysis: Para 3 When I went to senior middle school, I was eager to continue studying English; however, my experience

39、in senior school was very different from before. While my former teacher had been patient with all the students, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect answers. Whenever weText Analysis:answered incorrectly, she pointed a long stick at us and, shaking it up and down, shouted, No! N

40、o! No! It didnt take me long to lose my eagerness to answer questions. Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions, but also I totally lost my desire to say anything at all in English. Text Analysis: Para 4 However, that state didnt last long. When I went to college, I learned that all student

41、s were required to take an English course. Unlike my senior middle school teacher, my college English teachers were patient and kind, and none of them carried long, pointed sticks! However, the situation was far from perfect. Text Analysis:As our classes were very large, I was only able to answer a

42、couple of questions in each class period. Also, after a few weeks of classes, I noticed there were many students who spoke much better than I did. I began to feel intimidated. So, once again, although for different reasons, I was afraid to speak. It seemed my English was going to stay at the same le

43、vel forever. Text Analysis: Para 5 That was the situation until a couple of years later, when I was offered an opportunity to study English through an online course. The communication medium was a computer, phone line, and modem. I soon got access to the necessary equipment, learned the technology f

44、rom a friend and participated in the virtual classroom 5 to 7 days a week. Text Analysis: Para 6 Online learning is not easier than regular classroom study; it requires much time, commitment and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course. I worked hard to meet the minimum standards set by the

45、 course and to complete assignments on time. Text Analysis: Para 7 I practiced all the time. I carried a little dictionary with me everywhere I went, as well as a notebook in which I listed any new words I heard. I made many, sometimes embarrassing, mistakes. Once in a while I cried with frustration

46、, and sometimes I felt like giving up. But I didnt feel intimidated by students who spoke faster than I did because I took all the time I needed to think out my ideas and wrote a reply before posting it on the screen. Text Analysis:Then, one day I realized I could understand just about everything I

47、came across, and most importantly, I could say anything I wanted to in English. Although I still made many mistakes and was continually learning, I had finally reaped the benefits of all that hard work. Text Analysis: Para 8 Learning a foreign language has been a most trying experience for me, but o

48、ne that I wouldnt trade for anything. Not only did learning another language teach me the value of hard work, but it also gave me insights into another culture, and my mind was opened to new ways of seeing things. The most wonderful result of having learned a foreign language was that I could commun

49、icate with many more people than before. Text Analysis: Talking with people is one of my favorite activities, so being able to speak a new language lets me meet new people, participate in conversations, and form new, unforgettable friendships. Now that I speak a foreign language, instead of staring

50、into space when English is being spoken, I can participate and make friends. I am able to reach out to others and bridge the gap between my language and culture and theirs. Text Analysis: Language Points1. Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences of my

51、 life. (Para.1) Meaning: Learning a foreign language was one of the most difficult things to do but it was most worth doing in my life. Back to textText Analysis: Language Points2. Although at times, learning a language was frustrating, it was well worth the effort. (Para.1) Meaning: Although someti

52、mes learning a language is disappointing, it was rewarding enough to spend the time and effort on it. be well worth + doing sth.: rewarding enough for the time or effort Hes decided to have a look at the house for it is well worth buying. Back to text Meaning: Because of the effective and helpful me

53、thod, I was very willing to answer all the questions I could, and I never worried about making mistakes.Because of, 由于, Text Analysis: Language Points3. Because of the positive method, I eagerly answered all the questions I could, never worrying about making mistakes. (Para.2) Back to text 由于身體不好，她只

54、好放棄學業。 由于下雨，運動會被延期了。 She had to quit school because of ill health. Because of the rain, the sports meeting has been put off.NotesNotes to the TextFocus Study a. Difference between “because of” and “because” because of + sth. /doing sth. because + a sentence He cannot remember the new words because h

55、e never uses them.Notes to the TextFocus Study b. “worrying about making mistakes” 是現在分是現在分 詞短語作狀語詞短語作狀語 Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a beautiful sight.Not wanting to meet John there, he refused to attend the party.When we climbed to the top of the tower,PracticeNotes to the TextFocus St

56、udy Text Analysis: Language Points4. I was at the top of my class for two years. (Para.2) Meaning: I was one of the excellent students in my class for two years. Back to text5. While my former teacher had been patient with all the students, my new teacher quickly punished those who gave incorrect an

57、swers. (Para3) While , 而, Practice “While” is used to show contrast.Notes to the TextFocus Study 我喝清咖啡而他喜歡加奶油的。 大部分同學期待上網學習英語，而有些同學根本 不想上。 I drink black coffee while he prefers cream in his coffee. While most students look forward to learning English online, some cannot bear the thought.Notes to the

58、 TextFocus Study Text Analysis: Language Points6. It didnt take me long to lose my eagerness to answer questions. (Para3) Meaning: Before long I was no longer eager to answer questions. Back to text7. Not only did I lose my joy in answering questions b u t I a l s o l o s t m y d e s i r e t o s a y

59、 anything at all in English. MoreWith “not only” or “only” placed at the beginning of a sentence, its order should be inverted (倒裝). Notes to the TextFocus Study neither/little/only/hardly seldom neither/not nor not until under no circumstances no sooner. than. scarcely (hardly). when.PracticeMore e

60、xpressionsMore expressionsNotes to the TextFocus Study Text Analysis: Language Points8. Unlike my senior middle school teacher, . (Para.4) Meaning: Different from my senior middle school teacher, .unlike: prep. different; not like, not the samee.g. Unlike the traditional English learning, online Eng