1、人教新課標(biāo)高中英語核心詞匯釋義及例句選修9第2單元latitude (6)the position north or south of the equator measured from 0to 90.(Cambridge)n. 緯度 The latitude of the island is 30 degrees north.這個島的緯度是北緯三十度。This gave the seamen the local time and allowed them to find their latitude at sea. (9)Morocco and California are bits of

2、the Earth in very similar latitudes, both on the west coasts of continents with similar climates, and probably with rather similar natural resources. (nce4)at the mercy of (2)at the mercy of sb/sth in the power of sb/sth; under the control of sb/sth 任由某人某事物擺布或控制The ship was at the mercy of the storm

3、, ie out of control or helpless. 那只船在暴風(fēng)雨中失去控制.(Cambridge)受支配 The workers find themselves absolutely at the mercy of the capitalists.工人們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們完全任由這些資本家的擺布。The voyages of travellers before the 17th century show that they were not at the mercy of the sea even though they did not have modern navigational

4、aids. (9)The enemy were at the mercy of us. 敵人在我們面前毫無辦法。 (詞典例句)encyclopedia (4)a book or set of books containing many articles arranged in alphabetical order which deal either with the whole of human knowledge or with a particular part of itThe Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language(Cambridge)n. 百科全書 A

5、good encyclopedia is a mine of information.一部好百科全書是知識寶庫。Read these pages from an encyclopedia. (9)A good encyclopedia (), though expensive, is useful, too, because you can find information on any subject. (2008ah)exploration (19)to search and discover (about something)The best way to explore the cou

6、ntryside is on foot.(Cambridge)n. 探險；探測 The Elizabethan age was a time of exploration and discovery.英國女王伊麗莎白一世時代是探索和發(fā)現(xiàn)的時代。However, it was not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the exploration of the botanical world began on a large scale. (9)While many resources are spent on what se

7、ems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on what may serve to save us. (2011jx)celestial (1)of or from the sky or outside this worldThe moon is a celestial body.(Cambridge)adj. 天上的 The sun, the stars, and the moon are celesti

8、al bodies.太陽、星星、月亮都是天體。 Gravity governs the motions of celestial bodies. 萬有引力控制著天體的運(yùn)動。 (詞典例句)equator (8)an imaginary line drawn around the middle of the Earth an equal distance from the North Pole and the South PoleSingapore is/lies on the Equator.(Cambridge)n. 赤道 The equator is an imaginary circle

9、around the earth.赤道是一個圍繞著地球的假想的圓。At the North Pole the North Star is at its highest position in the sky, but at the equator it is along the horizon. (9)Rain forests slightly farther away from the equator remain just as warm, but they have a dry season of three months or morn when little rain falls.

10、(2007ln)horizon (11)the line at the most distant place which you can see, where the sky seems to touch the land or seaThe moon rose slowly above the horizon.(Cambridge)n. 地平線；視野 The sun dipped below the horizon.太陽沉到地平線以下。It measured how high stars were above the horizon using a quarter circle rather

11、 than the full circle of the astrolabe. (9)The beach to your right stretches off to the horizon, slowly narrowing to nothingness only to re-emerge again on your left, now steadily widening until it covers the chair beneath you. (2014hb)overhead (8)above your head, usually in the skyThis room needs o

12、verhead lighting (= lights in the ceiling).(Cambridge)adj. 在頭上的 adv. 在頭頂上；在空中；在高處 over-=above在之上An eagle circled high overhead.一只鷹在高空盤旋。On a clear day especially during the summer the sailors could use the sun overhead at midday to navigate by. (9)It is unusual to see many birds flying overhead in t

13、he summertime, rather than during the periods in the spring or autumn. (2007sx)tide (34)the rise and fall of the sea that happens twice every dayhigh/low tide(Cambridge)n. 潮；潮汐；潮流；趨勢 As the tide receded we were able to look for shells.潮水退去，我們就能尋找貝殼了。He packed his canoe and paddled for days, ignoring

14、 strong tides and freezing water till he came to the island. (7wb)The tide was rushing to the entrance and beyond to the wild open sea. (2005tj)To know how to wait is the great secret of success. 懂得如何等待是成功的秘訣。knot (8)a fastening made by tying together the ends of a piece or pieces of string, rope, c

15、loth, etcto tie a knot(Cambridge)n. 節(jié) v. 打結(jié) You need a sharp knife to cut through the knot.你需用快刀才能把結(jié)切斷。As the ship advanced through the water the knots were counted as they passed through a seamans hands. (9)The tide was rushing to the entrance and beyond to the wild open sea.There was a knot of ten

16、sion in his stomach. 他緊張得心揪得緊緊的。 (詞典例句)log (15)a thick piece of tree trunk or branch, especially one cut for burning on a fire(Cambridge)n. 原木；木材 The hunter hid in a log cabin.獵人藏在小木屋里。The rope was tied to a log which was then thrown into the sea. (9)The log cabin dining house was built in 1929 and

17、offers good camp food. (2005zj)nautical (1)relating to ships, sailing or sailorsYoure looking very nautical in your navy blue sweater.(Cambridge)adj. 海上的；航海的 It is a nautical term, I suppose.我想，那是航海術(shù)語。The number of knots that were counted during a fixed period of time gave the speed of the ship in n

18、autical miles per hour. (9)Have the nautical chart at your fingertips, and youll be able to steer your ship. 熟水路才能劃好船。 (詞典例句)nautical mile (1)a unit of distance used at sea which is equal to 1852 metres(Cambridge)海里 Several hours ago, Team Finland was only a nautical mile ahead of us.幾個小時之前，芬蘭隊(duì)僅僅領(lǐng)先我

19、們1海里。 The knot is a unit of speed equal to one nautical mile per hour. “節(jié)”是表示每小時航行1海里的一個速度單位。 (詞典例句)reference (20)a letter that is written by someone who knows you, to describe you and say if you are suitable for a job or course, etcMy old headteacher said he would write/give me a glowing (= very go

20、od) reference.(Cambridge)n. 參考 You should make a reference to a dictionary.你應(yīng)該參考字典。However, it was awkward to use as one of the points of reference was the moving ship itself. (9)I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday. A

21、. could B. shall C. must D. may (2010js)precise (17)exact and accurateHe caught me at the precise moment that I fainted.(Cambridge)adj. 精確的；準(zhǔn)確的 pre- =beforehand預(yù)先；cis=cut切I am not clear about the precise bearing of the word in this passage.我說不準(zhǔn)這個字在這段文章里的確切意義是什么。This was a more precise and simplified

22、 version of the astrolabe. (9)By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. (2014js)portable (16)(designed to be) light and small enough to be easily carried or moveda portable radio/telephone/com

23、puter(Cambridge)adj. 輕便的；手提的；便攜的 port=carry拿，帶，運(yùn)；-able形容詞后綴，可的The new portable computers are going like hot cakes.新的便攜式計(jì)算機(jī)賣得很快。It was easier to handle because it was more portable. Its shortcoming was that it still used the moving ship as one of the fixed points of reference. (9)Once they have compl

24、eted the apprenticeship and become journeymen, they receive a nationally recognized and portable certification and their pay also increases again. (2010hn)swoop (2)to move very quickly and easily through the air, especially down from a height in order to attackThe eagle swooped down to snatch a youn

25、g rabbit.(Cambridge)INFORMAL to make a sudden attack on a place or group of people in order to surround and catch them:Undercover police swooped on three houses in Bristol at 5 a.m. this morning.(Cambridge)vi. 突降；猛撲 The owl swooped down on the mouse.那只貓頭鷹向著老鼠猛撲下來。In another game, as the turtle swims

26、 across the oceanarium, the first porpoise swoops down from above and butts his shell with his belly. (nce4)The terror ended when armed police swooped on the car. 武警突襲了這輛車從而制止了這起恐怖活動。 (詞典例句)peck (2)When a bird pecks, it bites, hits or picks up something small with its beakThe birds learn to peck hol

27、es in the foil milk bottle tops.(Cambridge)to give someone a quick kiss, especially on the side of the face:He pecked his aunt on the cheek.(Cambridge)vt. & vi. 啄食 The birds come and peck at the nuts hung up in the garden.鳥兒飛出來，啄食花園里掛著的果核。They turn on their own kind and peck each other to death.

28、 它們開始攻擊同類，拼命地互相啄著。 (詞典例句)In the spring, Dad delivered boxes full of baby chickens, and when I was a boy it was such fun to stick your fingers through one of the holes of the boxes and let the baby birds peck on your fingers. (2012zj)cliff (34)a high area of rock with a very steep side, often on a co

29、astKeep away from the edge of the cliff - you might fall.(Cambridge)n. 懸崖；峭壁 The car skidded over the cliff.那部汽車橫滑而墜落懸崖。She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs. On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. (nce2)Althoug

30、h weve been many times, we still find the cliffs and icefalls of our frozen canyons worth visiting. (2009sh)For happiness one needs security, but joy can spring like a flower even from the cliffs of despair. -Anne Morrow LindberghWhen you stand at the edge of the cliff, jump to fly, not to fall. -un

31、known當(dāng)你站在懸崖的邊沿，請向上飛躍，而不是往下跌落。佚名expedition (17)an organized journey for a particular purposeScott died while he was on an expedition to the Antarctic in 1912.(Cambridge)n. 遠(yuǎn)征；探險 Columbus was the leader of the expedition.哥倫布是那次探險的領(lǐng)隊(duì)。The first plant collecting expedition recorded in history was around

32、1500 BC when the Queen of Egypt sent ships away to gather plants, animals and other goods. (9)In 2001, after becoming a skillful skier, Saunders started his first long-distance expedition towards the North Pole. (2006zj)departure (21)when a person or vehicle, etc. leaves somewhereThere are several d

33、epartures (= buses, trains, ships or aircraft leaving) for Paris every day.(Cambridge)n. 出發(fā)；離開 part=divide分，分開What is the departure and arrival time?出發(fā)和到達(dá)是什么時間？On the day before our departure, several bus loads of tourists descended on the town. (nce3)Journeys by rail and sea take longer, yes, but t

34、he hours devoted to being “processed” at departure and arrival in airports are luckily absent. (2012jx)crew (57)a group of people who work together, especially all those who work on and operate a ship, aircraft, etcThe aircraft has/carries a crew of seven.(Cambridge)the people who work on a ship, ai

35、rcraft, etc. who are not officers:Apart from the 10 officers, a crew of 90 looks after the 300 passengers.(Cambridge)n. (輪船、飛機(jī)等上的) 工作人員 The crews mission is to save the mans life.全體船員的任務(wù)是拯救這個人的生命。Though the crew were at first under the impression that the lost ship had been found, the contents of th

36、e chest proved them wrong. (nce3)During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. (2012ln)deposit (13)to leave something somewhereThe flood waters fell, depositing mud over the whole area.(Cambridge)vt. 放；（把錢）存入銀行 de-下；pos放放下存放He deposits a s

37、um of money in the bank each month.他每月在銀行存一筆錢。They deposited the captain into a small boat to let him find his own way home. (9)You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. (2011jx)reckon (4)to think or believeI reckon its going to rain.(Cambridge)vt. 計(jì)算；估計(jì) cit=call, arouse喚

38、起Did you reckon in the time needed for unloading the cargo?你把卸貨的時間算進(jìn)去了嗎?It was extremely difficult for us to get a correct reading from the quadrant as the boat moved constantly. The captain used a system called dead reckoning. (9)Dont reckon upon your relatives to help you out of trouble. 不要指望你的親戚會

39、幫助你擺脫困境。 (詞典例句)Even reckoning makes long friends. 親兄弟，明算賬。reckoning (4)a calculation which you makeBy my reckoning, we should arrive in ten minutes.(Cambridge)n. 計(jì)算；估計(jì) By my reckoning we are miles from the factory.我估計(jì)我們離開工廠有數(shù)英里。 After dinner comes the reckoning. 沒有免費(fèi)的午餐。 (詞典例句)After dinner comes the

40、 reckoning. 吃喝玩樂，該付代價。tension (8)a feeling of nervousness before an important or difficult eventYou could feel the tension in the room as we waited for our exam results.(Cambridge)n. 緊張；不安；張力 tend, tends, tent=stretch伸，伸開拉緊The tension soon transmitted itself to all the members of the crowd.這種緊張情緒很快感

41、染了人群中所有的人。The tension in the boat got worse as the supply of food and water gradually disappeared. (9)One day the boy joined a session in the room next to mine. His appearance created an atmosphere of tension. He spent the entire session running around, hitting and kicking, and destroying property.

42、(2014hb)thirst (44)a need for something to drinkIve got a terrible thirst after all that running.(Cambridge)n. 渴；口渴 I satisfied my thirst with a glass of water.我喝了一杯水解渴。He kept us busy and tried to take our minds off our stomachs and our thirst. (9)An increase in students applying to study economics

43、 at university is being attributed to the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works. (2009sd)It is the peculiarity of knowledge that those who really thirst for it always get it. 只要真正渴求知識，都能得到，這是知識的特點(diǎn)。set loose (1)allow someone to be freeThe

44、kidnappers had set him loose on a dark country lane.(Cambridge)出發(fā)；開始 We finally arrived in Timor after being set loose in our small boat forty days ago.我們在小船里出發(fā)四十天后終于到達(dá)了東帝汶。You could not imagine a more disturbing sight than what we looked like when arriving in Timor over forty days after being set loose in our small boat. (9)The boy set his caged bird loose, and it flew away chirping. 這孩子把關(guān)在籠里的鳥兒放出來, 鳥兒吱吱叫著飛走了。 (詞典例句)tear a drop of salty liquid which flows from the eye, as a result of strong emotion, especially unhappiness, or painWhy do arguments with you always reduce me to tears (= mak