1、工業設計專業英語工業設計專業英語 On display in the Taiwan Museum in Taipei is a 33-piece suite of 20 different kinds of carved red sandalwood furniture, which was formerly used in the residence of a royal relative during Qing Dynasty (1616-1911 A.D.). Modern people accustomed to using Western style furniture when t

2、hey discover the quality of materials used excellence of workmanship, and the fine ornamental carving of traditional Chinese furniture, as represented in this exhibit. suite n. （一套）家具，套房（一套）家具，套房 carve vt. 雕刻雕刻 sandalwood n. 檀香木檀香木 residence n. 住宅，居住住宅，居住 accustomed to 習慣于習慣于 ornamental adj. 裝飾的裝飾的T

3、raditional Chinese Furniture (B) 在臺北臺灣博物館展出了一套在臺北臺灣博物館展出了一套3333件件2020種不同種不同種類的紫檀雕刻家具，它是清朝王室家庭的物種類的紫檀雕刻家具，它是清朝王室家庭的物品。雖然人們已經習慣了西式家具，但對現代品。雖然人們已經習慣了西式家具，但對現代人來說，每當在家具展覽會種看到那些用料精人來說，每當在家具展覽會種看到那些用料精細、技藝超群以及眾多令人贊嘆雕飾的中式傳細、技藝超群以及眾多令人贊嘆雕飾的中式傳統家具時，還是難免產生一種懷古之情。統家具時，還是難免產生一種懷古之情。Traditional Chinese Furniture

4、 (B) The development of traditional Chinese furniture went from the simple to the intricate, and was closely linked to the Chinese lifestyle and cultural and economic changes in China. In early antiquity, the Chinese sat mostly on straw mats on the floor. After the Warring States period (475-221 D.C

5、.), beds and couches began to come into widespread use as seating. During the Wei-Chin (220-420 A.D.) and the Northern and Southern dynasties (420-589 A.D.) period, Western-style chairs, folding stools, and other seating gradually entered China. From this point on, Chinese everyday living began to b

6、e conducted from chairs rather than sitting cross-legged on floor. Straw mats came to be used as covering for beds and couches.Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) intricate adj. 復雜的復雜的 antiquity adj. 古代，古物古代，古物 傳統中式家具的發展從簡單到復雜，而且與中國人傳統中式家具的發展從簡單到復雜，而且與中國人的生活方式，以及中國文化和經濟變化緊密相關。在的生活方式，以及中國文化和經濟變化緊密相關。在遠

7、古時代，中國人席地而坐。戰國以后，床和長椅被遠古時代，中國人席地而坐。戰國以后，床和長椅被廣泛用作坐具。在魏晉南北朝時期，西式椅子、折疊廣泛用作坐具。在魏晉南北朝時期，西式椅子、折疊凳子和其它坐具開始逐漸進入中國。從這時起，中國凳子和其它坐具開始逐漸進入中國。從這時起，中國人每天的生活便開始于椅子，而不再是從盤腿席地而人每天的生活便開始于椅子，而不再是從盤腿席地而坐開始。席子開始用于鋪蓋床和睡椅。坐開始。席子開始用于鋪蓋床和睡椅。Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) Beginning in the late Qing dynasty, foreign livin

8、g styles began to be adopted in China, with the result that original predominant Chinese style furnishing gradually became collectors items. Not only chair, but also Chinese tables, cabinets, bookcases, and decorative screens reached the summit of their development during the Ming (1368-1644 D.C.) a

9、nd Qing dynasty. adopt vt. 采取，接受采取，接受 predominant adj. 主要的，卓越的，有影響的主要的，卓越的，有影響的 cabinet n. 櫥柜，陳列柜櫥柜，陳列柜 decorative adj. 裝飾性的裝飾性的 summit n. 頂點頂點 adj. 最高級的最高級的Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) 從晚清開始，國外的生活方式開始傳入中國，從晚清開始，國外的生活方式開始傳入中國，結果原來的占統治地位的中式陳設開始逐漸成結果原來的占統治地位的中式陳設開始逐漸成了收藏者的獵物。不單單是椅子，中式桌子、了收藏者的獵物。不

10、單單是椅子，中式桌子、櫥柜、書柜以及裝飾用的屏風都達到了明清以櫥柜、書柜以及裝飾用的屏風都達到了明清以來的頂峰。來的頂峰。Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) Ming furniture features simple, smooth and flowing lines, and plain and elegant ornamentation , fully bringing out the special qualities of frame structure furniture. Influenced by Chinas burgeoning foreig

11、n trade and advanced craftsmanship techniques, furniture of Qing Dynasty period turned to rich and intricate ornamentation, along with coordinated engraved design. Because of the high level of development of Chinese furniture in Ming and Qing Dynasties, most Chinese furniture design today follow in

12、the traditional piece from these two period. elegant adj. 高雅的，優雅的，講究的高雅的，優雅的，講究的 ornamentation n. 裝飾物，飾品裝飾物，飾品 burgeoning adj. 迅速增長的，生機勃勃的迅速增長的，生機勃勃的Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) 明代的家具的特征是具有簡潔、平滑、流暢明代的家具的特征是具有簡潔、平滑、流暢的線條，以及質樸優美的裝飾，完全顯現出框的線條，以及質樸優美的裝飾，完全顯現出框架式家具特有的品質。受中國對外貿易快速發架式家具特有的品質。受中國對外貿易快速

13、發展以及先進工藝水平的影響，清代家具設計逐展以及先進工藝水平的影響，清代家具設計逐漸向追求富麗裝飾的風格發展。由于明清時期漸向追求富麗裝飾的風格發展。由于明清時期中式家具的發展水平很高，今天很多中式家具中式家具的發展水平很高，今天很多中式家具的設計仍然保留這兩個時期的部分設計風格。的設計仍然保留這兩個時期的部分設計風格。Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) As in traditional Chinese architecture, wood is the major material used in manufacture of furniture. This

14、 was in response both to needs arising from Chinese lifestyles, and to Chinas rich forest resources. The two main types are lacquered furniture and hardwood furniture. Lacquered furniture was commonly used in palaces, temples, and in the home of the wealthy. It includes the ti-hung, or carved lacque

15、r style; tien-chi in which lacquer is used to fill in engraved design, then rubbed flat; miao-chi, or outlined lacquer style; and luo-tien, or furniture inlaid with mother -of-pearl. Two or more methods might also be combined in the same piece. Hardwood furniture was frequently found in the home of

16、the wealthy, but was even more common inTraditional Chinese Furniture (B) the home of nobles, and officials. Woods, employed included red sandalwood, pearwood, padauk, ebony, and nanmu. Of these, red sandalwood is the most highly valued material for use in furniture making: it is dense, hard, and re

17、sistant to decay. arise from 由由引起，起因于引起，起因于 in response to 響應響應 resistant to decay 防腐防腐 inlay vt. (inlaid, inlaid) 把把嵌入，把嵌入，把鑲入鑲入 n. 鑲嵌鑲嵌Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) 像傳統中式建筑一樣，木材是家具制作使用的主要原料。像傳統中式建筑一樣，木材是家具制作使用的主要原料。這一方面是中國人的生活方式所決定的，另一方面是因為這一方面是中國人的生活方式所決定的，另一方面是因為中國具有豐富的森林資源。兩種主要的家具類型是漆器家中國具有

18、豐富的森林資源。兩種主要的家具類型是漆器家具和硬木家具。漆器家具主要在宮廷、寺院以及富人的家具和硬木家具。漆器家具主要在宮廷、寺院以及富人的家庭中使用。它包括剔紅庭中使用。它包括剔紅即雕紅漆；填漆即雕紅漆；填漆用漆填入雕刻用漆填入雕刻的陰文中，然后打磨；描漆的陰文中，然后打磨；描漆用各種色彩的漆描繪圖案；用各種色彩的漆描繪圖案；螺鈿螺鈿用貝殼作為鑲嵌紋飾的漆器。也可能使用兩種以上用貝殼作為鑲嵌紋飾的漆器。也可能使用兩種以上的方法加工同一個器具。硬木家具經常在富人家中發現，的方法加工同一個器具。硬木家具經常在富人家中發現，但是更多見于貴族和一些官員家庭。家具用的木材包括：但是更多見于貴族和一些官

19、員家庭。家具用的木材包括：紅檀木、梨木、紫檀、黑檀和楠木。在這些木料中，紫檀紅檀木、梨木、紫檀、黑檀和楠木。在這些木料中，紫檀以其堅密、耐腐蝕等諸多優點稱為最貴重的家具用料。以其堅密、耐腐蝕等諸多優點稱為最貴重的家具用料。Traditional Chinese Furniture (B)Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) Bamboo and rattan furniture also have a long history. Bamboo is a product unique to Asia, and is an especially developed i

20、ndustry in hot and sunny Taiwan. Simple and ingenious techniques are used to make clever and useful products that can be “knocked down”, and modular pieces that can be used together or separately. Bamboo may be used in combination with other materials, such as wood, rattan, metal, and ceramic tile,

21、in endless variation. Much bamboo and rattan furniture is exported to Europe and the United States, where it enjoys great popularity. rattan n. 藤，藤條藤，藤條 ingenious adj. 有獨創性的，機靈的有獨創性的，機靈的 ceramic tile n. 瓷磚瓷磚Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) 竹子和藤家具也有很長的歷史了。竹子僅產于亞洲，竹子和藤家具也有很長的歷史了。竹子僅產于亞洲，在炎熱、陽光充足的臺灣，它

22、是一個特別發達的產業。在炎熱、陽光充足的臺灣，它是一個特別發達的產業。簡單精致的技術用來制作靈巧、有用的產品，不但價簡單精致的技術用來制作靈巧、有用的產品，不但價格低廉，而且組合式的家具既可以一起使用，也可以格低廉，而且組合式的家具既可以一起使用，也可以分開使用。竹子還可以和其它的材料一起使用，如木分開使用。竹子還可以和其它的材料一起使用，如木材、藤條、金屬以及瓷磚等，能夠產生無窮的變化。材、藤條、金屬以及瓷磚等，能夠產生無窮的變化。很多柱子和藤條家具出口到歐洲和美國，并且受到廣很多柱子和藤條家具出口到歐洲和美國，并且受到廣泛的歡迎。泛的歡迎。Traditional Chinese Furni

23、ture (B) Chinese are fond of furniture with inlaid and carved work. In addition to shells and enamel chips, brilliant, colorful, and artistically grained jade, stones, ivory (and other animal teeth), horn, agate, and amber are used for inlaid designs. Marble, for example, is a stone often used for i

24、nlaid work; colorful ceramic plate are also a popular material for ornamentation. Another elegant techniques used since ancient times is the inlaying of different kinds and colors of woods in a simple piece. The methods of carving include relief carving, negative engraving, and free-style carving. C

25、ommon subjects for furniture carving are flower; dragons and phoenix; the qi-lin, a Chinese mythical beast; and stylized cloud and leaf pattern.Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) be fond of 愛好，喜歡愛好，喜歡 enamel n. 搪瓷，琺瑯搪瓷，琺瑯 brilliant adj. 燦爛的，閃耀的，杰出的燦爛的，閃耀的，杰出的 jade n. 翡翠翡翠 ivory n. 象牙象牙 agate n. 瑪瑙瑪瑙

26、amber n. 琥珀琥珀 中國喜歡鑲嵌和雕刻的家具。除了貝殼、琺瑯，閃中國喜歡鑲嵌和雕刻的家具。除了貝殼、琺瑯，閃光的、彩色的、有藝術花紋的綠玉、石頭、象牙（還光的、彩色的、有藝術花紋的綠玉、石頭、象牙（還有其它動物的牙齒）、牛角、瑪瑙，還有湖泊都用來有其它動物的牙齒）、牛角、瑪瑙，還有湖泊都用來作為鑲嵌的材質。例如大理石經常用來鑲嵌在家具中；作為鑲嵌的材質。例如大理石經常用來鑲嵌在家具中；彩色的陶瓷盤也是一種流行的裝飾材質。另外一種從彩色的陶瓷盤也是一種流行的裝飾材質。另外一種從古代就開始使用的精巧技術是在一件家具中鑲嵌不同古代就開始使用的精巧技術是在一件家具中鑲嵌不同種類和顏色的木材。雕

27、刻方法包括浮雕、陰刻和自由種類和顏色的木材。雕刻方法包括浮雕、陰刻和自由式雕刻。雕刻的主題有花、龍鳳、麒麟（中國傳說中式雕刻。雕刻的主題有花、龍鳳、麒麟（中國傳說中的一種獸）以及祥云和樹葉圖案。的一種獸）以及祥云和樹葉圖案。Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) Traditional Chinese furniture is generally arranged in symmetrical suits or sets. These are, however, supplemented with other more flexible arrangements t

28、o prevent the room from having too staid an atmosphere. For example, paintings or examples of calligraphy might be hung on the wall; ceramic, enamel or other knickknacks might be placed in antique display cabinet; or flower arrangement made of jade or stone might top a square occasional table. Any o

29、r all of these can add splashes of color and elegant form to the room. These delicate additions set off the heavy furniture to give a rich composite effect. supplement vt. 補充，增補補充，增補 staid adj. 固定的，古板的固定的，古板的 calligraphy n. 書法書法 knickknack n. 小擺設小擺設 Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) antique n. 古董古董

30、adj. 古老的古老的 splashes n. 色斑色斑 delicate adj. 微妙的，精美的，雅致的，易碎的微妙的，精美的，雅致的，易碎的 中國傳統家具通常以對稱的布局形式出現，有時也中國傳統家具通常以對稱的布局形式出現，有時也會輔以一些靈活的布局組合方式來避免房間氣氛過于會輔以一些靈活的布局組合方式來避免房間氣氛過于沉悶。例如，在墻上懸掛書畫；在收藏柜里擺放綠玉、沉悶。例如，在墻上懸掛書畫；在收藏柜里擺放綠玉、琺瑯或其它飾物；用綠玉或石頭在臨時的茶幾上擺放琺瑯或其它飾物；用綠玉或石頭在臨時的茶幾上擺放一個花。所有這些可以為房間增添一點色彩和情調。一個花。所有這些可以為房間增添一點色彩

31、和情調。則和諧精美的點綴給沉重的家具以多姿的效果。則和諧精美的點綴給沉重的家具以多姿的效果。Traditional Chinese Furniture (B) With Chinas increasing economic property, just about everybody now places great importance on interior design and room arrangement, and is very particular when choosing furniture. And because of a corresponding enhancement in spiritual life, traditional Chinese style furniture in all sorts of ways in their homes; it has become part of modern lifestyle.隨著中國經濟財富的增長，現在幾乎所有的人都開隨著中國經濟財富的增長，現在幾乎所有的人都開始重視內部裝飾和房間布局，并且在選擇家具的時候始重