1、.適用學科高中英語適用年級高二適用區域人教新課標版課時時長分鐘2課時知識點過去分詞做狀語教學目的1、知識：學習過去分詞如何作狀語，并可以實際運用。2、方法：分析和理解文章中長難句以及高級句式，并學習仿寫。3、才能：閱讀和分析與將來生活、科幻有關的文章。教學重點過去分詞作狀語和動詞不定式、如今分詞作狀語的區別教學難點理解將來生活變化、將來科技的開展以及聯絡現實進展寫作。教學過程一、導入教學建議：導入有很多種方法，一般控制在十分鐘左右為宜，可以采用各種形式，比如：1、直接導入法。2、復習以往知識：可以從已學、已知的入手，與今天的教學進行對比。3、課前小測：可以針對學生學校里近期講授的內容進行出題（

2、以簡單題和中檔題為主，以10分鐘左右為宜）進行測驗，也可以針對基礎知識進行復習提問，檢查學生學校所學內容的掌握程度，進而展開教學。4、以近年來發生的重大事件為題導入。既考查了學生從社會生活中獲取信息的能力，又激發了學生的學習興趣，讓學生馬上進入學習狀態等。以上的導入方法只是建議，大家選擇其中一種或兩種進行交叉使用即可。復習： 1、單詞和詞組默寫：1private adj.私人的、個人的；私下的；保密的2settlement n.定居點C ；解決紛爭的協議C；解決，處理U3impression n.印；印痕；印記；印象；意念；概念4remind v. 提醒；使想起5previous adj.先前

3、的；事前的；以前的6lack vt.缺乏；沒有 n.缺乏；短缺的東西7require v.需要；要求；命令8assist vt./vi幫助；援助；參與；出席9take up 從事；占時間、空間、注意力等；繼續10be similar to 與相似11lose sight of/ catch sight of 不再看見./瞥見12sweep up清掃；橫掃2、上節課課后作業檢查和訂正二、知識講解知識點1 reading中重點句子分析知識點1 1 What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome? 你認為將來的人們

4、將抑制什么問題?【句法分析】此句為復雜疑問句，其句式構造為：疑問詞+do you think+其余部分其余部分為陳述語序,do you think 為插入成分。能用于此句型的動詞有：think, believe, suppose, imagine, suggest, expect等。【典型例句】Who do you think is the tallest in your class?你認為在你們班誰最高？What do you believe matters when we take up the work?你認為我們從事這項工作什么東西最要緊？【注意】假如此句型的動詞后面的從句里有否認意義

5、，往往要把否認前置。如：I dont think its right to do so我想這樣做是不對的。該句型變反意疑問句，主句主語是第一人稱且是如今時態時，反問部分與從句一致，否那么與主句一致。如:I think that he has been to Beijing, hasnt he?He thinks that their team is sure to win the game, doesnt he?【練習】漢譯英你覺得我們什么時候見面好？_我想他們馬上就到。_Keys: when do you think is convenient for us to have a meetin

6、g?I believe they will arrive shortly. 2 This is similar to the “jet lag you get when flying,這與你在飛行過程中的時差反響是相類似的。【句法分析】When flying是when you are flying的省略形式。在有些表時間、條件、方式或讓步的從句中，假如謂語包含有動詞be，主語又和主句的主語一致，或者主語是it，就常常可以把從句中的主語和be動詞省略。【典型例句】 When asked where the toilet is, the waitress showed the way polite

7、ly to the guest.當被問及廁所在哪時，效勞員非常有禮貌地給客人帶路。 Until finishing the homework, the child was allowed to watch the cartoon film.直至完成作業，小孩才允許看卡通片。 If necessary, you can call help from the police.有必要時，你可以求助警察局。【練習】漢譯英即使被打致死，他仍然保守機密。_過馬路時，孩子們被要求停下觀望再手牽手通過。_Keys:Though beaten to death, he still kept the secret.

8、 When crossing the road, the children are required to stop to look around and walk hand in hand.考點/易錯點 2文章句子：The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.【考點】as though= as if “好似、似乎，引導方式狀語從句或表語從句。引導狀語從句時，其謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣。【典型例句】 The kitchen smells as if something is burni

9、ng. 廚房里聞起來好似有什么東西燒著了。 He talked as if he had known the secret. 他談起來就像他早道了這個機密。【練習】She had a tense expression on her face, _ she were expecting trouble.A. even though B. as though C. even as D. now thatKey: B【翻譯】他很愛說大話，就好似他是一位重要人物似的。_Key: He likes to talk big as if he were an important person.考點/易錯點3

10、文章句子：As a result, I suffered from “time lag.【考點】suffer from患有疾病等，為受苦，因而吃苦頭【典型例句】 The village is suffering from depopulation. 那座村莊正為人口減少二深感苦惱。 The company is suffering from a shortage of skilled staff. 這家公司苦于缺乏純熟員工。【練習】_ heart problems for more than four years, he couldnt _ the expedition to photogra

11、ph wild animals in Africa. A. Having suffered from; join B. Having been suffered from; join in C. Suffered from; join D. Suffering from; join in Key: A【翻譯】數以千計的人患上了一種怪病。_Key: Thousands of peoplesufferedfroma strange disease.知識點2 重點語法講解：過去分詞作狀語分析以下例句：Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the

12、 first few days.Well-known for their expertise, his parents company won the bid.Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.過去分詞作狀語時，說明動作發生的背景或情況，其等同于一個狀語從句。及物過去分詞作狀語時與主句主語構成被動關系，表示被動和完成，不及物過去分詞表示狀態或動作的完成。又如：The professor c

13、ame in, followed by a group of young people.1 作原因狀語，等于as / since / because 引導從句Moved by what she said, we couldnt help crying. = As we are moved by what she said 2 作時間狀語，等于when 引導時間從句，假如分詞表示的動作與謂語的動作同時發生，可在分詞前加when/ while / until 等使時間意義更明確。When heated, water can be changed into steam.Seen from the h

14、ill, the park looks very beautiful. = When the park is seen from the hill3 作條件狀語等于 if /whether 引導從句 Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better = If they have been given more attention .Compared with you, we still have a long way to go=If we are compared with you 4 作方式或伴隨狀語The actress

15、 came in, followed by her fans.She sat by the window, lost in thought.5 作讓步狀語Much tired, he still kept on working .Although he was tired6 獨立主格構造:當分詞的邏輯主語不是主句主語時，分詞可以有自己獨立的邏輯主語，這種構造稱為獨立主格構造。常用來表示伴隨情況。The boy rushed into the classroom, his face covered with sweat.All things considered, your article is

16、 of great value than hers.如今分詞與過去分詞作狀語的區別如今分詞作狀語時，與其邏輯主語之間是主動關系；而過去分詞與其邏輯主語之間那么表示被動關系。Seeing these pictures, I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing. Seen from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more magnificent. 選擇如今分詞還是過去分詞，關鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動作是主句的主語發出，分詞就選用如今分詞，反之

17、就用過去分詞。例如：Used for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很長時間，這本書看上去很舊。Using the book, I find it useful. 在使用的過程中，我發現這本書很有用【注意】1. 表示主語所處的狀態Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. Dressed in white, she looks more beautiful.be lost in be dressed inbe interested inbe devoted to be su

18、pposed tobe caught in the rainbe seated inbe prepared forbe determined to2.不與主語保持一致的固定構造generally speaking一般說來strictly/ frankly speaking 嚴格地說/坦白地說judging from 從判斷all things considered 從整體來看taking all things into consideration全面看來例如：Judging from his face, he must be ill.從他的臉色看，他一定是病了。Generally speaki

19、ng, dogs can run faster than pigs. 總的來說，狗比豬跑得快。speaking 不是dogs的動作三、例題精析教學建議說明：此處內容主要用于教師課堂的精講，每個題目結合試題本身、答案和解析部分。例題1【題干】_inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed【答案】A【解析】he與dress是被動關系，要用過去分詞作原因狀語，Dressedin=As heisdressedin例題2【題干】He stood there, his

20、hands_ behind.A.tyingB.tiedC.were tyingD.were tied【答案】B【解析】“名詞或代詞+過去分詞作為獨立主格構造作狀語。名詞/代詞與過去分詞構成邏輯上的被動關系。D項干擾性最強，但是假設選D項，題干為兩個獨立的簡單句，缺少連詞，可把句子改為He stood there and his hands were tied behind。解題時，弄清楚名詞與分詞之間的邏輯關系。例題3【題干】_in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. LosingB. Having lostC. Los

21、tD. To lose【答案】C【解析】lost in thought是一個過去分詞短語，表示“陷入沉思，他幾乎撞上了他前面的車。例題4【題干】Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hourA. pay B. payingC. paidD. to pay【答案】C【解析】此題主要考察動詞get的用法，get為系動詞，相當于be。句意為：大城市的清潔女工經常是按小時付酬。例題5【題干】_twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.

22、A. Being bittenB. BittenC. Having bittenD. to be bitten【答案】B【解析】由句意看出，應使用過去分詞作原因狀語，其用法相當于because he had been bitten twice。四 、課堂運用教學建議說明：在對課堂知識講解完，把握了重點突破了難點以及練習精講了之后，再用練習進行課堂鞏固或檢測，根據學生情況建議分3個難度層次：易，中，難。基礎仿寫Example: United we stand, divided we fall. If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divi

23、ded, we will fall.1.Asked what had happened, he told us about it._2. Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures._3. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better._4. Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers

24、._5.Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor._【答案】1.When he was asked what had happened, 2.Because he was well known for his expert advice, 3.If we were given more time,4.Once it was translated into Chinese,5.Because she was deeply interested in medicine,用詞語的適當形式填空6._by noises i

25、n the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room.frighten7. The lady returned home, _by two policemen.follow8. After having been _ carefully, the room was locked again.examine9. _in 1949, the exhibition hall is over 50 years old.build10. _from a distance, the Opera House looks like ship sa

26、ils.see【答案】與【解析】6.frightened，與“the girl主語是被動關系。7.followed，與“the lady主語是被動關系。8.examined，與“the room主語是被動關系。9. built，與“the exhibition主語是被動關系。10.seen，與“the Opera House主語是被動關系。鞏固11._with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. A. FacedB. FaceC. FacingD. To face【答案】A【解析】如今分詞短語faced with s

27、o much trouble可轉換成原因狀語12._for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed【答案】B【解析】如今分詞短語blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network可轉換成原因狀語從句because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network。1

28、3. _time, hell make a first-class tennis player.A. Having givenB. To giveC. GivingD. Given【答案】D【解析】give 與其邏輯主語 he 是動賓關系，用過去分詞，應選 D。分詞短語 Given time 可轉換成條件狀語從句 If he is given time。14. No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.A. performedB. performingC.

29、 to be performedD. being performed【答案】A【解析】如今分詞短語performed在此相當于they are performed。No matter how frequently they are performed的意思是“無論它們指貝多芬的作品被演奏多少次。15. When _different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.A. comparedB. being compared C. comp

30、aringD. having compared【答案】C【解析】分詞短語when comparing different cultures相當于時間狀語從句when we compare different cultures。拔高16.工作做完后，他就回家了。_17.他的車壞了，所以只好走路。_18.她很沮喪，搬到了倫敦。_19.假如多給點時間，我們可以做得更好。_20.雖然被擊敗了，他仍是一個受歡送的拳擊手。_【答案】16.The work finished, he went home.17.His car broken down, he had to walk.18.Much discou

31、raged, she moved on to London.19.Given more time, we could have done it better.20.Defeated, he remained a popular boxer.閱讀練習Man is a land animal, but he is also closely tied to the sea. Throughout history the sea has served the needs of man. The sea has provided man with food and convenient way to t

32、ravel to many parts of the world. Today, experts say that nearly two-thirds of the worlds population lives within eighty kilometres of the seacoast. In the modern technological world the sea offers many resources to help mankind live on. Resources on land are beginning to grow less. The sea, however

33、, still offers hope to supply many of the mans needs. The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas exploration have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper 銅and so on exist on the ocean floor, ready to be mined. F

34、ish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food. The culture of fish and shellfish is an ancient skill practised in the past mainly by Oriental東方的peoples.Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy. Experts believe that the warm temperature of the ocean can

35、 be used in a way similar to the steam in a steamship. Ocean currents and waves offer possible use as a source of energy such as hydroelectric 水力電氣的 power. Technology is enabling man to explore even deeper under the sea. The new undersea technology is providing divers with diving suits and undersea

36、chambers房屋that are kept at sea level pressure. The development of strong, new materials has made this possible. The technology to harvest the sea continues to improve. By the year 2019, experts believe that the problems to exploit the food, minerals, and energy sources of the sea will be largely sol

37、ved. 1. Whats the main idea of the first paragraph? A. Although man is a land animal, he is closely connected with the sea. B. In ancient times, the sea has served the needs of the man. C. The sea has provided man with food and convenient way to travel. D. Today, nearly two-thirds of the worlds popu

38、lation lives within eight kilometres of the seacoast. 【答案】A【解析】第一段第一句是該段的中心句，后面進一步告訴我們海洋為人類提供需求由來已久。2. From the passage, we know man continues to improve technology for exploring the sea because _. A. man wants to live in the ocean rather than on land B. it is more interesting to dive into the sea t

39、o travel than on land C. resources on land are growing less and the sea can offer a lot to help mankind live on D. it is possible for man to live on the ocean floor in the near future【答案】 C【解析】由第二段可知，人類繼續探究海洋是因為陸地上的資源正在變得匱乏。3. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. The riches of the sea,

40、such as oil and gas, have been explored. B. Besides oil, gas and fish farming, the sea may offer new sources of energy. C. New technology can help man to explore even deeper under the sea. D. By the year 2019, the problems to exploit the food, minerals, and energy sources of the sea will be complete

41、ly solved. 【答案】D【解析】由最后一段最后一句可知，選項D的表述是錯誤的，其他選項文章都提到了。4. The underlined word “harvest in the last paragraph means to _. A. develop B. exploit C. improve D. gather 【答案】B【解析】全文都在講海洋的開發，四個詞中只有的意思符合文義，exploit的意思是“開拓，開發。課堂小結教學建議說明：教師對本節課應掌握的知識作一個小結，將本堂課應掌握的內容做一個概要陳述。本節課的重點句型是：1.What problems do you think

42、 people in the future will have overcome? 插入成分2.This is similar to the “jet lag you get when flying,省略3. as though方式狀語從句4. suffer from患有，為受苦，因而吃苦頭5. 過去分詞作狀語6. 如今分詞與過去分詞作狀語的區別通過本節課的學習，學生應該掌握以上重點，并且學會如何用過去分詞作狀語。課后需要通過大量的練習來穩固課上所學的知識，真正做到學以致用。課后作業教學建議說明：講解完本章的知識點，布置課后作業，讓學生鞏固知識，建議也分三個層次，每個層次3-5題基礎1. Th

43、e Olympic Games, _in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing【答案】A【解析】play與The Olympic Games構成動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動。2. Did you attend the meeting _ yesterday? A. to be held B. having been held C. held D. being held【答案】

44、C【解析】hold與the meeting構成動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動。3. I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week. I like it very much.A. written B. writing C. was written D. to write【答案】A【解析】write與book構成動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動。4.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table _ already for a meal to be cooked.

45、 A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid【答案】A【解析】lay與a dining table構成動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動。5.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work_, he gladly accepted it.A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished【答案】A【解析】根據題意，可知finish與his work構成動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動。6. From the dates _ on

46、 the gold coin, it is confirmed that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked【答案】B【解析】mark與date構成動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動。7. Hearing the_ news, we all felt_.A. encouraging; encouraging B. encouraged; encouraged C. encouraged; encouraging D. encouraging; e

47、ncouraged【答案】D【解析】encouraging修飾事物，意為“令人鼓舞的；encouraged修飾人，意為“鼓舞的。8. As is known to us all, traveling is_, but we often feel_ when we are back from travels. A. interesting; tired B. interested; tiring. C. interesting; tiring D. interested; tired【答案】A【解析】第一空 traveling為主語可知用interesting“令人感興趣的；第二空為主語可知用t

48、ried“感到疲倦的。9. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour.A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay【答案】C 【解析】該題考察分詞作表語的用法。“to pay sb. by the hour 計時給某人報酬。此題被動構造作表語。類似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.10. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recorde

49、d B. recordingC. to be recorded D. having recorded 【答案】A【解析】此處考察過去分詞作后置定語，disc與record之間是被動關系，故用過去分詞表示。鞏固1. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been knownC. to be known D. known【答案】D【解析】know與words, expressions, phrases構成動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動。2.With nothing _ to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out.A. leaving B. left C. leave D. to leave【答案】B【解析】leave與nothing構成動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動。