1、 考查點(diǎn)： 易混淆動(dòng)詞或短語的辨析 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法和辨析 對(duì)策： 1.熟記動(dòng)詞短語的意義，切忌模棱兩可 2. 熟記一些常見的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞句型。 第 8 講 動(dòng)詞的分類一、選詞填空keptwearsspendturned off1How long have you _ (kept, borrowed) this novel?2Lily _ (wears, puts on) a pink dress today.3 . Its nice of you to _ (cost, spend) so much timeshowing me around your school.4 Mike _ (turne

2、d on, turned off) his computer andwent out to watch TV.5The radio _ (tells, says) that there will be anotherheavy rain in Guangdong.Too bad. It has rained for the whole week.二、完成句子，每空一詞tastegoodare1這些甜餅嘗起來很好。我可以再多吃一些嗎？The cookies _ _.Could I have some more?2. 我們班現(xiàn)在有五十多個(gè)學(xué)生。listenedheardThere _ more t

3、han 50 students in our class now.3我認(rèn)真聽了聽，可什么也沒聽見。I_ carefully but I _ nothing.says4每天步行去上學(xué)要花我半小時(shí)。It_ me half an hour to _ _ school onfoot every day.takesgotohaveto5我的車壞了，所以得坐公共汽車上班。My car is broken, so I _ _ go to work by bus.9. 動(dòng)詞 （1）動(dòng)詞的基本形式 （2）系動(dòng)詞 （3）及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞 （4）助動(dòng)詞 （5）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 （6）動(dòng)詞短語辨析（2009年）年）32.

4、 Mike didnt get wet because his teacher _ him an umbrella. A. lent B. discovered C. borrowed D. taught 36. Dont _ others. Sometimes you make mistakes too. A. knock at B. laugh at C. look at D. arrive at 37. Toms mother asked him _ some washing after dinner. A. to do B. does C. do D. did 43. - Mr. Wa

5、ng, must I come again on Sunday morning to clean the windows ? - No, you _ . I have asked others to do it. A. dont have to B. mustnt C. cant D. shouldnt（2010年）年）37. I saw Kevin in the supermarket this morning. No, it_ him. He moved to Canada last week.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 A. can be B. must be C. cant be D. must

6、nt be41. Zhang Liangyings new CD will_ next month. 動(dòng)詞短語辨析動(dòng)詞短語辨析 A. come along B. come up C. come over D. come out（2011年）年）34. The silk dress _ so smooth. Its made in China. 系動(dòng)詞辨析系動(dòng)詞辨析 A. feels B. smells C. sounds D. tastes 42. Smoking is bad for your health. Youd better _.動(dòng)詞短語辨析動(dòng)詞短語辨析 A. set it up B

7、. give it up C. pick it up D. look it up（2012年）年）34. _ I swim here? Im sorry. Children _ swim alone here. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 A. Must , cant B. May , must C. Can, mustnt D. Cant can 41. I love this song by Lady Gaga. Would you _ the TV a bit, please? I cant hear it clearly. 動(dòng)詞短語辨析動(dòng)詞短語辨析 A. turn on B. turn off

8、C. turn up D. turn down（2013年）年）34. Again and again the doctor_ the crying baby girl, but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her. 動(dòng)詞短語辨析動(dòng)詞短語辨析 A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out 37. Someone is knocking at the door. Is it Ann? It _ be her. She is giving a performance at t

9、he theatre now. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 A. may B. must C. cant D. mustnt動(dòng)詞的種類有 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞： A. 及物動(dòng)詞 B. 不及物動(dòng)詞2. 連系動(dòng)詞 be, keep, stay look, taste, sound, smell, feel ,look like, sound like get, become, turn, go 3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can : 能， 會(huì) “表能力，表許可”-could 可能， “表推測” 常用否定式 cant 不可能 may: 可以， 可能 “表正式的請求、許可和推測” -mightmust：表必須和肯定的推測句型： Mus

10、t.? Yes, must. No, neednt/ dont have to. (You may) need : 需要， 必須 neednt 沒有必要 should （語氣強(qiáng)烈） 同義短語：be supposed to (按規(guī)則、慣例)應(yīng)該做 近義詞短語：had better do sth. (主觀意愿)最好做 need, have to will, shall 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的疑問句的回答： May I? Need I? Must I? Must I ? 肯定： Yes， you must. 否定： No, you neednt. (dont have to.) May I ?肯定： Yes,

11、you may. / Yes, please./ Sure./ OK.否定： No, you cant.( you mustnt.) Youd better not. (Better not). Please dont. Need I?肯定： Yes, you must.否定： No, you neednt. (you dont have to.) need 的用法need 意為“需要”，既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)多用于疑問句和否定句中，否定式為 neednt，表示“不必”。作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后接 to do 或名詞，即：need/dontneed to do sth., nee

12、d sth.；當(dāng)主語是物時(shí)，用 need doing 表示被動(dòng)的含義，相當(dāng)于 need to be done。 如：Need I go there？我需要去那里嗎？I dont need to buy a new backpack.(作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)I neednt buy a new backpack.(作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)我不必買新書包。The trees need watering.( 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)) The trees need to be watered.這些樹需要澆水。u This silk dress _ so smooth. A. feels B. smells C. sounds D.

13、 tastes u -I saw Kevin in the supermarket this morning. -No, it_ him. He moved to Canada last week.(2010年) A. can be B. must be C. cant be D. mustnt beu -Shall I tell Tom about it? -No, you_. Ive told him already. A. wouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. shouldntu -Whats wrong with you? You look so tired?

14、-Last night I _ sleep well. A. couldnt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. needntu That tall boy _be John. John is in medium height. A. mustnt B. must C. cant D. might u -Look! It _ be Jack on the playground. -It _be him. Because I saw him enter the school library just now. A. must, mustnt B. can, cant C. may,

15、mustnt D. must, cantu -Mr Wang, must I come again on Sunday morning to clean the windows? -No, you _. I have asked others to do it. A. dont have to B. mustnt C. cant D. shouldntu -Who is the girl standing over there? -Well, if you _know, her name is Joe. A. must B. may C. can D. shall解釋：must: 表示堅(jiān)持或執(zhí)

16、意，“硬要， 一定要”u The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _ be very slow. A. should B. must C. will D. can中考中的一個(gè)重要考點(diǎn) 動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞短語辨析examples:u be used to do sth. be used to doing sth. used to do sth.請說出下列短語的意思hear oftalk to/withworry aboutthink of/abouttalk about/ofspeak

17、to聽說和交談?chuàng)乃伎颊務(wù)撆c通話get to arrive in/atlook atlook after look for look likelisten to hear fromwait for ask for 2 dress up eat up give upput up pick up ring up send up take away move awaytake down到達(dá)到達(dá)看一看照顧尋找看起來像聽(某人或某物)收到的來信等候要求打扮吃完放棄建造撿起打電話發(fā)射拿走搬走拿下write downturn down put down find out turn upsell out tr

18、y out put on take out turn on wear outturn off try on take offgive backget backlook overthink over記下調(diào)小放下發(fā)現(xiàn)調(diào)大(音量等)賣完試驗(yàn)穿上取出打開穿破關(guān)上試穿脫下歸還取回檢查仔細(xì)思考3look forward to stay away from finish doing sth. enjoy doing sth. practice doing sth mind sb.(s) doing sth. stop doing sth. stop to do sth. forget doing sth.

19、forget to do sth. be busy (in) doing sth. 期待遠(yuǎn)離完成做某事喜歡做某事練習(xí)做某事介意某人做某事停止正在做的某事停下來去做某事(另一件)忘記做過某事(某事已完成)忘記去做某事(某事尚未做)忙于做某事uarrive reach getu borrow lend keepu dress, put on, wear, dress upu see, look, watch, readu bring, take, fetch, carryu die, dead, death, dyingu spend, pay, cost, takeu look for, fin

20、d, find out, search, search foru listen, listen to, hear, soundu lose, fail, win, beatu get in, get to, get into, get out u think of, think about, think over, think outu join, take part in , attend1arrive, get to, reach這三個(gè)詞都有“到達(dá)”之意。(1)arrive 和 get 是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面需加介詞才能接地點(diǎn)。其中 arrive at小地方， arrive in大地方， ge

21、t to地點(diǎn)。(2)reach 是及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接加地點(diǎn)。即景活用toinat/(1)I got _ the village last month.(2)Well arrive _ Shanghai tomorrow morning.(3)When did you arrive _ the station?(4)Please call me when you reach _ Changsha.2take, bring, fetch, get(1)take 指從說話者所在的地方把某人(物)“帶去”(單程)。(2)bring 指從別處把某人( 物) 帶來說話者所在的地方( 單程)。(3)fetc

22、hget，指從某地到別處把某物拿來(雙程)。即景活用bringtakefetch/get(1)Next time dont forget to _ me a copy of your work.(2)He likes these art works in this town very much, so hewants to _ them to his country when he leaves.(3)Please _ me the documents in that room.3join, join in, attend, take part in(1)join 指參加某黨派、某組織或某社會(huì)

23、團(tuán)體并成為其中的一員，如參軍、入黨、入團(tuán)等。(2)join in 指參加小規(guī)模的活動(dòng)，如球賽、游戲等，多用于口語中。(3)attend 是正式用語，指出席或參加會(huì)議、儀式，如婚禮、葬禮、上課、上學(xué)、聽報(bào)告等，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“出席”這一動(dòng)作本身。(4)take part in 指參加群眾性的活動(dòng)，重在說明主語參加這一活動(dòng)并在活動(dòng)中發(fā)揮積極作用。即景活用take part injoinedjoined inattend(1)Every excellent player wants to _ the Olympicsand win.(2)His brother _ the army three years

24、 ago.(3)The whole class _ to sing the song soon.(4)I will _ an important meeting tomorrow.4tell, say, speak, talk(1)tell 意為“告訴；講述”，表示告訴某人某事，著重指把一件事情傳達(dá)給別人，或講述一個(gè)事件、一個(gè)故事等，可接雙賓語。(2)say 意為“說；訴說”，指用言語表達(dá)自己的思想，后接說的內(nèi)容，常作及物動(dòng)詞，后接名詞、代詞或從句。(3)speak 意為“說；說話”，用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)“說”這一動(dòng)作，而不是指說的內(nèi)容；作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)通常接某種語言作賓語。(4)talk 是不及

25、物動(dòng)詞，意為“談話”，指兩人或兩人以上的一般交談，常與介詞 to, with 連用，意為“與交談”；與about, of 連用時(shí)意為“談?wù)摗薄＜淳盎钣胹peaktosayintold(1)請找李雷聽電話，好嗎？May I _ _ Li Lei, please?(2)你能用英語說這個(gè)單詞嗎？Can you _ the word _ English?(3)媽媽告訴我不要躺在床上看書。nottolieMum _ me _ _ _ in bed toread.talkingwith/to(4)李先生正與布朗太太在交談。Mr.Li is _ _ Mrs.Brown.5pay, spend, cost,

26、take(1)pay 意為“付款；賠償”，主語通常是人，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：sb.pay some money for sth.或 pay sb.(some money for sth.)。(2)spend 的 主 語 通 常 是 人 ， 常 用 結(jié) 構(gòu) 為 ： (sb.) spendmoney/time on sth.或(sb.) spend money/time (in) doing sth.。(3)cost 的主語必須是物，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：sth.cost (sb.) somemoney。(4)take 表示“占用、花費(fèi)”時(shí)間，其主語通常為形式主語it 或物，常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：It/sth.takes s

27、b.some time to do sth.。即景活用spentpaytookcost(1)They _ two years building the bridge.(2)How much money did you _ for the jacket?(3)It _ him three hours to finish his homework.(4)The car _ me lots of money.6borrow, lend, keep(1)borrow 表示從別人那里借來東西，即“借進(jìn)來”。常用的搭配是 borrow sth.from sb.。borrow 是一個(gè)瞬間完成的動(dòng)作，因此不能

28、與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用。(2)lend 表示把自己的東西借給別人，即“借出去”。常用的搭配是 lend sb.sth./lend sth.to sb.。lend 與 borrow 一樣，也是一個(gè)瞬間完成的動(dòng)作，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用。(3)keep 也可意為“借”，但側(cè)重指借來后的保存或使用階段，表示借用一段時(shí)間，因此可以與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用。即景活用borrowfromlendingmelending(1)我們經(jīng)常從學(xué)校圖書館借書。We often _ books _ our school library.(2)謝謝你把自行車借給我。toThank you for _

29、 _ your bike. Thank youfor _ your bike _ me.(3)這本書我才借了一星期。havekeptI _ _ this book for only one week.7dress, wear, put on, be in(1)dress 意為“給穿衣”，只用于穿衣服，不用于穿鞋、戴帽子等，賓語為人。(2)wear 表示“穿、戴(衣物、鞋、帽、飾物等)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“穿著”的狀態(tài)。(3)put on 意為“把穿上”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“穿”的動(dòng)作。(4)be in 表示“穿著，戴著”，后接顏色或衣物，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。即景活用dressin(1)Please _ the children

30、right now.(2)John is _ white today.(3)The girl is _ a pair of glasses.(4)Its cold.Youd better _ your coat.put on8happen 與 take place兩者均可意為“發(fā)生”，都是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(1)happen 常指具體事件的發(fā)生，特別是那些偶然的或未能預(yù)見的事件的“發(fā)生”，此時(shí)主語為“事”；還可表示“碰巧；恰好”之意，此時(shí)主語為“人”。(2)take place 通常指“(某事)按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或發(fā)生”，還可表示“舉行某種活動(dòng)”。wearing即景活用happe

31、nstaking placehappened(1)He _ to know the place.(2)Great changes are _ in the city.(3)Has anything _ to him?(4)The meeting will _ next Friday.take place9look, see, watch, read(1)look 強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的動(dòng)作，是不及物動(dòng)詞，后接賓語時(shí)要加介詞 at。(2)see 強(qiáng)調(diào)“看”的結(jié)果，意為“看見”，是及物動(dòng)詞，可用于短語 see sb.do/doing sth.(看見某人做過/正在做某事)。(3)watch 意為“觀看，注視”

32、，強(qiáng)調(diào)過程，常用于看電視、球賽等。(4)read 意為“讀，閱讀”，指看書、看報(bào)等。即景活用sawlookwatchingreading(1)I _ a bird in the tree just now.(2)The teacher told us to _ at the blackboard.(3)All the students are _ the football match carefully.(4)Li Lei is _ the letter from his parents.u On October 15, 2003 China_its second lunar orbiter

33、Change 2. A. set out B. set off C. sent up D. sent out send out ：發(fā)送，派遣：發(fā)送，派遣 set out、 set off 出發(fā)出發(fā) set out to do sth. 開始著手做開始著手做 send up 發(fā)射發(fā)射u Did you _ the soccer match yesterday? -Yes, we _ the strongest team in our school at last. A. defeat, won B. win, defeated C. win, won D. defeat, defeated de

34、feat sb. = beat sb. 打敗某人或某個(gè)團(tuán)體打敗某人或某個(gè)團(tuán)體 u How much time do you _ surfing the Internet every week? -less than an hour. A. cost B. take C. pay D. spendu The doctor _ the woman, but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her. A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked outu The factory _ its

35、 waste into the river, but now it deals with the water in a new way. A. used to dump B. is used to dump C. used to dumping D. is used to dumpingu -Mike, youve been late for nearly an hour. - Sorry, my car _ on my way here. A. broke down B. worn out C. took off D. broke outu -Sorry, Mr. Green, I have

36、 _ my homework at home.-Never mind. But dont do like that next time. A. put B. kept C. left D. forgottenu To protect the environment, supermarkets dont _ free plastic bags to shoppers. A. take B. show C. provide D. carry u Youve given so much help. I really _ it. A. appreciate B. receive C. suppose

37、D. regardu -How about the exhibition that day? -It was very noisy, but it didnt _me. A. hurt B. impress C. change D. botheru After hard training for a long time, Usain Bolt _the records again. A. broke B. achieved C. invented D. completedu -What smells terrible, Ted? -Im sorry. Ill _ my shoes and wash them at once. A. take away B. put away C. move away D. get away u In order to eat safely, I think we _ make some food by ourselves instead of buying some. A. used to B. prefer to C. had better D. are supposed to 解釋： had better do sth. 最好做, （主觀意愿） be supposed to do st