1、句子類型句子類型一、簡單句：一、簡單句： 簡單句簡單句是指由一個主語（或并列主語）一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂一個謂語（或并列謂語）語（或并列謂語）構成的句子。二、二、復合句： 復合句是指由一個主句一個主句和一個一個或一個以上的從句一個以上的從句構成的句子。從句分為賓語從句、狀語從句、定語從句。如：如：I get up at six in the morning. My mother and I often go shopping. we sing and dance happily everyday（一）什么是狀語從句（一）什么是狀語從句狀語從句在復合句中作狀語狀語從句在復合句中作狀語,來

2、說明來說明一件事情發生的時間一件事情發生的時間,地點地點,原因原因,條件條件,結果等結果等.（二）狀語從句的分類：（二）狀語從句的分類：時間，地點，條件，原因，讓步時間，地點，條件，原因，讓步，目目的，方式，結果，比較的，方式，結果，比較二、狀語從句：二、狀語從句：1 1、引導、引導時間狀語時間狀語的從屬連詞的從屬連詞 WhenWhen “ “當當時候時候”, , 從句用一般過去時，主句從句用一般過去時，主句用過去進行時。從句的動詞可用用過去進行時。從句的動詞可用延續性延續性/ /短暫性短暫性動詞。動詞。e.g. 她到達車站時，天正在下雨 It was raining when she arr

3、ived at the station.(2) While “正當時”，引導從句時，謂語動詞 必須是延續性延續性的，常用進行時。 e.g. 他在讀書時不要制造噪音。 Dont make any noise while he is reading.(3) until “直到”，謂語動詞是延續性延續性的。的。 not until “直到才”，謂語動詞是短暫性短暫性的。的。 e. g. 他經常看書到十一點。 He often reads until eleven oclock. e.g. 直到會議結束他才出現。He didnt appear until the meeting had begun.(

4、4) after “在之后” e.g. 填完這張表格后，請來我的辦公室。 Please come to my office after you finish this form.(5) before “在之前” e.g. 你走之前要說再見。Say goodbye before you go.(6) as soon as “一就”，引導的從句常用一般現在時，主句用一般將來時。 e.g. 我一回來就去拜訪你。Ill visit you as soon as I come back.2 2、引導、引導原因狀語原因狀語的從屬連詞的從屬連詞(1) because “因為”, 回答why提出的問題。語氣較

5、強, 強調說話人認為某一原因是對方不知道、需作陳述的原因。 Why were you late for class today? Because I got up too late. (因為我起床太晚了)(2) since “既然”，用于雙方都知道的原因。e.g. 既然他這么說，那一定是真的。 Since he says so, it must be true.(3) as “由于，因為”，相當于since，但語氣更弱，用來表示很明顯、提一下也就清楚地原因。e.g. 由于天越來越黑，媽媽開始為哥哥著急。Mother began to worry about my brother asIt wa

6、s getting dark.3、引導目的和結果狀語的從屬連詞(2) 結果狀語從句：結果狀語從句： so + adj/adv + that “如此以至于”。 e.g. 她太累了，不能再走了。 She is so tired that she cant go any further. such + a/an +adj + n + that “如此以致 ” e.g. 天氣那么好，許多人都到公園里來玩。 Its a fine day that many people go to the park for fun. such + adj + cn/un + that “如此以至于”(1) 目的狀語從句

7、：目的狀語從句：so that “為了，以便”e.g.你現在必須離開是為了你能趕上早班車。You must leave now so that you can catch the earlye.g. 他吃了不健康的食品結果他病了 He ate such unhealthy food that he was ill. 4、引導讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞 though, although, even though (if) “雖然，盡管”引導讓步狀語從句時不能與but同時連用。e.g. 盡管雨下得很大，他還是出去了。 Although it rained hard, he still we

8、nt out.e.g. 盡管我有時間，可我并不想跟他去哪。Even though I have enough time, I dont wantto go there with him. 5、引導條件狀語從句條件狀語從句的從屬連詞 （1）If 意為意為“如果，假如如果，假如”，表示條件，表示條件，if 引導引導的句子是條件狀語從句，用一般現在時態，主的句子是條件狀語從句，用一般現在時態，主句則用一般將來時態。也就是所謂的句則用一般將來時態。也就是所謂的“主將從主將從現現”。 If you eat less, you will be thinner. If you work hard, you

9、will be successful. If you come to school late, your teacher will be angry with you.(2) unless “如果不，除非”，= “if not”e.g. 如果他不努力，就不能完成這項工作。He wont finish the work unless he works hard.2. if 條件狀語從句中，如果主句有條件狀語從句中，如果主句有must，can，may 等情態動詞，從句用等情態動詞，從句用_。 例如：例如：You must stop if the traffic light _ (be) red.i

10、s一般現在時一般現在時You will miss the bus unless you hurry up If you finish the homework， you can go home 如果你作業做完了就可以回家了。如果你作業做完了就可以回家了。 If you want to lose weight ，you must eat less bread. 如果你想減肥，你必須少吃面包。如果你想減肥，你必須少吃面包。例如：例如： Don t wait for me if I _ (be) late.3. if 條件狀語從句中，主句是祈使句，條件狀語從句中，主句是祈使句， 從句用從句用_表示將

11、來。表示將來。 _原則。原則。am主祈從現主祈從現一般現在時一般現在時She will be late.If she _ to school, she _ _late. She is going to walk to school.walkswillbeWe will take a trip if it is sunny tomorrow.=If it is sunny tomorrow, we will take a trip.主句在前從句緊跟其后主句在前從句緊跟其后。從句在前時，用從句在前時，用“ ，”與主句隔開與主句隔開。It is going to rain tomorrow. I w

12、ill stay at home. If it _ tomorrow, I _ _ at home. rainswillstayHe wont study hard.He will fail in the exam.“If he _ study hard. He _ _ in the exam.”doesntwillfailIf I get up at 9:00, I will be late.If I am late, my teacher will be angry with me.If my teacher is angry with me, I will be sad.If I am

13、sad, I will cry.用括號內所給單詞的正確形式填空。用括號內所給單詞的正確形式填空。1. Ill buy a computer if I _ (have) enough money.2. Im sure if he _ (go) to the party, he _ (have) a great time.havegoeswill have3. You _ (not get) nervous if you _ (do ) enough exercise.4. If she _ (finish ) work early, she _ (go) home.5. If it _(rain

14、), we _ (stay) at home.dofinisheswill gorains will staywont get1.If he_ (not, do it ), I_(do) it.2.If you _ (be) late for school ,my teacher _(be) angry.arewill be3 If she_ (win) the prize ,we _(be) happy.winswill be4.If I _ (not,eat )so much , I _(get) thinner.5.If you _(tell) them, they _ (not,bel

15、ieve) you.dont eatwill gettellwont believe6 I _(stay) at home If it _( rain).7.If it _(not,rain) ,I _( go) out.8. we _(play) football If it is _(sun) .9.If she _(become) a star, her parents _ (not,send) her away 10.He _(watch) TV if he _(be) free.will stayrainsdoesnt rainwill gowill playsunnybecomes

16、wont sendwill watchisdoesnt dowill dohttp:/ it rains tomorrow, we _ visit the museum. A. dont do B .wont go C .arent go D. didnt go.2. Will you go to the park if it _ fine? A. will be B. was C. is D /3. If you _to school late, your teacher _ angry with you. A. come; are B. come, will be C. will come

17、; are D. will come; will be4. If you _ hard, you will _ successful. A. work, are B. works, is C. to work, be D. work, be5. If I _ too much TV, my mother will _. A .watch, angry B .watched, be angry C .watch, be angry D .will watch, be angryBCBDCII. 選擇選擇( ) 1. _ you go to the party, youll have a grea

18、t time. A. As B. Although C. If D. After( ) 2. I dont have to introduce him to you _ you know the boy. A. since B. but C. until D. though( ) 3. Is everybody here today? No, Tom is at home _ he has got a bad cold. A. because B. if C. until D. unless( ) 4. Money is very important _ its not the most im

19、portant thing. A. or B. and C. so D. but( ) 5. Would you like to come for dinner tonight? Id like to, _ Im too busy. A. or B. but C. and D. So( ) 6. I didnt know he came back _ I met him in the street A. since B. when C. until D. afterCAADBC( ) 7. Mrs Shute wouldnt leave the TV set, her children wer

20、e waiting for their supper. A. even though B. because C. if D. as soon as( ) 8. Its cold outside. Please put on your coat _ you will catch a cold. A. but B. and C. Or D. so ( ) 9. In summer, food goes bad easily _ it is put in the refrigerator. A. until B. if C. unless D. because ( ) 10. What is our head teacher like, do you know? Oh, he is very kind _ he looks very serious. A. because B. though C. if D. when( ) 11. I didnt go to