1、MATLAB實用源代碼2009-09-30 08:311.圖像反轉(zhuǎn)MATLAB程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)如下：I=imread('xian.bmp');J=double(I);J=-J+(256-1);                 %圖像反轉(zhuǎn)線性變換H=uint8(J);subplot(1,2,1),imshow(I);subplot(1,2,2),imshow(H);2.灰度線性變換MATLAB程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)如下：I=imread(

2、9;xian.bmp');subplot(2,2,1),imshow(I);title('原始圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);axis on;                  %顯示坐標系I1=rgb2gray(I);subplot(2,2,2),imshow(I1);title('灰度圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);axis on; &#

3、160;                %顯示坐標系J=imadjust(I1,0.1 0.5,); %局部拉伸，把0.1 0.5內(nèi)的灰度拉伸為0 1subplot(2,2,3),imshow(J);title('線性變換圖像0.1 0.5');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;           

4、       %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系K=imadjust(I1,0.3 0.7,); %局部拉伸，把0.3 0.7內(nèi)的灰度拉伸為0 1subplot(2,2,4),imshow(K);title('線性變換圖像0.3 0.7');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on; &

5、#160;                %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系3.非線性變換MATLAB程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)如下：I=imread('xian.bmp');I1=rgb2gray(I);subplot(1,2,1),im

6、show(I1);title('灰度圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系J=double(I1);J=

7、40*(log(J+1);H=uint8(J);subplot(1,2,2),imshow(H);title('對數(shù)變換圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;             

8、0;    %顯示坐標系4.直方圖均衡化MATLAB程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)如下：I=imread('xian.bmp');I=rgb2gray(I);figure;subplot(2,2,1);imshow(I);subplot(2,2,2);imhist(I);I1=histeq(I);figure;subplot(2,2,1);imshow(I1);subplot(2,2,2);imhist(I1);5.線性平滑濾波器用MATLAB實現(xiàn)領(lǐng)域平均法抑制噪聲程序：I=imread('xian.bmp');subplot(231)imshow(I)

9、title('原始圖像')I=rgb2gray(I);I1=imnoise(I,'salt & pepper',0.02);subplot(232)imshow(I1)title('添加椒鹽噪聲的圖像')k1=filter2(fspecial('average',3),I1)/255;          %進行3*3模板平滑濾波k2=filter2(fspecial('average',5),I1)/255; 

10、;         %進行5*5模板平滑濾波k3=filter2(fspecial('average',7),I1)/255;          %進行7*7模板平滑濾波k4=filter2(fspecial('average',9),I1)/255;          %進行9*9模板平滑濾波subplo

11、t(233),imshow(k1);title('3*3模板平滑濾波');subplot(234),imshow(k2);title('5*5模板平滑濾波');subplot(235),imshow(k3);title('7*7模板平滑濾波');subplot(236),imshow(k4);title('9*9模板平滑濾波');6.中值濾波器用MATLAB實現(xiàn)中值濾波程序如下：I=imread('xian.bmp');I=rgb2gray(I);J=imnoise(I,'salt&pepper&#

12、39;,0.02);subplot(231),imshow(I);title('原圖像');subplot(232),imshow(J);title('添加椒鹽噪聲圖像');k1=medfilt2(J);            %進行3*3模板中值濾波k2=medfilt2(J,5,5);      %進行5*5模板中值濾波k3=medfilt2(J,7,7);   

13、0;  %進行7*7模板中值濾波k4=medfilt2(J,9,9);      %進行9*9模板中值濾波subplot(233),imshow(k1);title('3*3模板中值濾波');subplot(234),imshow(k2);title('5*5模板中值濾波');subplot(235),imshow(k3);title('7*7模板中值濾波');subplot(236),imshow(k4);title('9*9模板中值濾波');7.用Sobel算子和拉普

14、拉斯對圖像銳化：I=imread('xian.bmp');subplot(2,2,1),imshow(I);title('原始圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;            

15、;      %顯示坐標系I1=im2bw(I);subplot(2,2,2),imshow(I1);title('二值圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;         

16、60;        %顯示坐標系H=fspecial('sobel');     %選擇sobel算子 J=filter2(H,I1);            %卷積運算subplot(2,2,3),imshow(J); title('sobel算子銳化圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;  &

17、#160;               %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系h=0 1 0,1 -4 1,0 1 0;   %拉普拉斯算子J1=conv2(I1,h,'same');  

18、0;         %卷積運算subplot(2,2,4),imshow(J1); title('拉普拉斯算子銳化圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;       &#

19、160;          %顯示坐標系8.梯度算子檢測邊緣用MATLAB實現(xiàn)如下：I=imread('xian.bmp');subplot(2,3,1);imshow(I);title('原始圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線

20、axis on;                  %顯示坐標系I1=im2bw(I);subplot(2,3,2);imshow(I1);title('二值圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                

21、;  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系I2=edge(I1,'roberts');figure;subplot(2,3,3);imshow(I2);title('roberts算子分割結(jié)果');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;        

22、;          %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系I3=edge(I1,'sobel');subplot(2,3,4);imshow(I3);title('sobel算子分割結(jié)果');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on; 

23、0;                %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系I4=edge(I1,'Prewitt');subplot(2,3,5);imshow(I4);title('Prewitt算子分割結(jié)果'

24、;);axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系9.LOG算子檢測邊緣用MATLAB程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)如下：I=imread('xian

25、.bmp');subplot(2,2,1);imshow(I);title('原始圖像');I1=rgb2gray(I);subplot(2,2,2);imshow(I1);title('灰度圖像');I2=edge(I1,'log');subplot(2,2,3);imshow(I2);title('log算子分割結(jié)果');10.Canny算子檢測邊緣用MATLAB程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)如下：I=imread('xian.bmp');subplot(2,2,1);imshow(I);title('原始圖像

26、9;)I1=rgb2gray(I);subplot(2,2,2);imshow(I1);title('灰度圖像');I2=edge(I1,'canny');subplot(2,2,3);imshow(I2);title('canny算子分割結(jié)果');11.邊界跟蹤（bwtraceboundary函數(shù)）clcclear allI=imread('xian.bmp');figureimshow(I);title('原始圖像');I1=rgb2gray(I);     &

27、#160;          %將彩色圖像轉(zhuǎn)化灰度圖像 threshold=graythresh(I1);        %計算將灰度圖像轉(zhuǎn)化為二值圖像所需的門限BW=im2bw(I1, threshold);       %將灰度圖像轉(zhuǎn)化為二值圖像figureimshow(BW);title('二值圖像');dim=size(BW);col=round(dim

28、(2)/2)-90;         %計算起始點列坐標row=find(BW(:,col),1);          %計算起始點行坐標connectivity=8;num_points=180;contour=bwtraceboundary(BW,row,col,'N',connectivity,num_points); %提取邊界figureimshow(I1);hold on;plot(contour(

29、:,2),contour(:,1), 'g','LineWidth' ,2);title('邊界跟蹤圖像');12.Hough變換I= imread('xian.bmp');rotI=rgb2gray(I);subplot(2,2,1);imshow(rotI);title('灰度圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;              &#

30、160;  axis on; BW=edge(rotI,'prewitt');subplot(2,2,2);imshow(BW);title('prewitt算子邊緣檢測后圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                 axis on; H,T,R=hough(BW);subplot(2,2,3);imshow(H,'XData'

31、;,T,'YData',R,'InitialMagnification','fit');title('霍夫變換圖');xlabel('theta'),ylabel('rho');axis on , axis normal, hold on;P=houghpeaks(H,5,'threshold',ceil(0.3*max(H(:);x=T(P(:,2);y=R(P(:,1);plot(x,y,'s','color','white');l

32、ines=houghlines(BW,T,R,P,'FillGap',5,'MinLength',7);subplot(2,2,4);,imshow(rotI);title('霍夫變換圖像檢測');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                 axis on; hold on;max_len=0;for k=1:length(lines)xy=l

33、ines(k).point1;lines(k).point2;plot(xy(:,1),xy(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','green');plot(xy(1,1),xy(1,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','yellow');plot(xy(2,1),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','red');len=norm(lines(k).

34、point1-lines(k).point2);if(len>max_len)max_len=len;xy_long=xy;endendplot(xy_long(:,1),xy_long(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','cyan');13.直方圖閾值法用MATLAB實現(xiàn)直方圖閾值法：I=imread('xian.bmp');I1=rgb2gray(I);figure;subplot(2,2,1);imshow(I1);title('灰度圖像')axis(50,250,50,200);g

35、rid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系m,n=size(I1);         

36、                   %測量圖像尺寸參數(shù)GP=zeros(1,256);                           %預(yù)創(chuàng)建存放灰度出

37、現(xiàn)概率的向量for k=0:255     GP(k+1)=length(find(I1=k)/(m*n);    %計算每級灰度出現(xiàn)的概率，將其存入GP中相應(yīng)位置endsubplot(2,2,2),bar(0:255,GP,'g')                   %繪制直方圖title('灰度直方圖')xla

38、bel('灰度值')ylabel('出現(xiàn)概率') I2=im2bw(I,150/255);   subplot(2,2,3),imshow(I2);title('閾值150的分割圖像')axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;    

39、0;             %顯示坐標系I3=im2bw(I,200/255);   %subplot(2,2,4),imshow(I3);title('閾值200的分割圖像')axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %

40、顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系14. 自動閾值法：Otsu法用MATLAB實現(xiàn)Otsu算法：clcclear allI=imread('xian.bmp');subplot(1,2,1),imshow(I);title('原始圖像')axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;     &#

41、160;            %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系level=graythresh(I);     %確定灰度閾值BW=im2bw(I,level);subplot(1,2,2),imshow(BW);title('

42、;Otsu法閾值分割圖像')axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系15.膨脹操作I=imread('xian.bm

43、p');          %載入圖像I1=rgb2gray(I);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(I1);title('灰度圖像')      axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線ax

44、is on;                  %顯示坐標系se=strel('disk',1);          %生成圓形結(jié)構(gòu)元素I2=imdilate(I1,se);             %用

45、生成的結(jié)構(gòu)元素對圖像進行膨脹subplot(1,2,2);imshow(I2);title('膨脹后圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;               &#

46、160;  %顯示坐標系16.腐蝕操作MATLAB實現(xiàn)腐蝕操作I=imread('xian.bmp');          %載入圖像I1=rgb2gray(I);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(I1);title('灰度圖像')      axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;         

47、         %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;                  %顯示坐標系se=strel('disk',1);       %生成圓形結(jié)構(gòu)元素I2=imerode(I1,se);      &

48、#160; %用生成的結(jié)構(gòu)元素對圖像進行腐蝕subplot(1,2,2);imshow(I2);title('腐蝕后圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);grid on;                  %顯示網(wǎng)格線axis on;              

49、    %顯示坐標系17.開啟和閉合操作用MATLAB實現(xiàn)開啟和閉合操作I=imread('xian.bmp');          %載入圖像subplot(2,2,1),imshow(I);title('原始圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);axis on;              &

50、#160;   %顯示坐標系 I1=rgb2gray(I);subplot(2,2,2),imshow(I1);title('灰度圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);axis on;                  %顯示坐標系            

51、60;      se=strel('disk',1);     %采用半徑為1的圓作為結(jié)構(gòu)元素I2=imopen(I1,se);         %開啟操作I3=imclose(I1,se);        %閉合操作subplot(2,2,3),imshow(I2);title('開啟運算后圖像');axis(50,250

52、,50,200);axis on;                  %顯示坐標系subplot(2,2,4),imshow(I3);title('閉合運算后圖像');axis(50,250,50,200); axis on;               

53、0;  %顯示坐標系18.開啟和閉合組合操作I=imread('xian.bmp');          %載入圖像subplot(3,2,1),imshow(I);title('原始圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);axis on;                  %顯示坐標系

54、 I1=rgb2gray(I);subplot(3,2,2),imshow(I1);title('灰度圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);axis on;                  %顯示坐標系                

55、60;  se=strel('disk',1);     I2=imopen(I1,se);         %開啟操作I3=imclose(I1,se);        %閉合操作subplot(3,2,3),imshow(I2);title('開啟運算后圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);axis on;   

56、0;              %顯示坐標系subplot(3,2,4),imshow(I3);title('閉合運算后圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);axis on;                  %顯示坐標系se=strel('disk',1

57、); I4=imopen(I1,se);I5=imclose(I4,se);subplot(3,2,5),imshow(I5);        %開閉運算圖像title('開閉運算圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);axis on;                  %顯示坐標系 I6=imclose(I1,se);I7=imopen(I6,se);subplot(3,2,6),imshow(I7);        %閉開運算圖像 title('閉開運算圖像');axis(50,250,50,200);axis on;                  %顯示坐標系    19.形態(tài)學(xué)邊界提取利用MATLAB實現(xiàn)如下：I=i