1、U2P3Grammar動名詞的構成：動名詞的構成： 1. 動名詞作主語：動名詞作主語： 動名詞做主語往往表示經常性、習慣性的動作 e.g.: Its rather tiring walking around in a city. a. a. 可用可用itit作形式主語，將作形式主語，將-ing-ing放后。放后。 It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is a pleasure doing business with Harry. It is fun/nice working with you . Its a waste of time wanderi

2、ng through high school. b. 在“There is no doing”結構中用-ing形式作主語，表示“沒法”。 Theres no telling/knowing that-clause There was no telling whether it would rain again. There is no point/sense (in) doing sth. 做某事沒有作用或沒有意義 There is (no) hope/chance /possibility of doing There is (no) difficulty/trouble/delay (in

3、) doingIs there any chance of us/ our winning the match? There is no point/sense (in) discussing the problem again.2. 動名詞作表語：動名詞作表語：其用法等同不定式，起形容詞作用，講述主語的特征、內容和含義。One of my bad habits is eating too many sweets.My job is teaching you how to learn.Her refusal to attend the party was disappointing.3. 動名

4、詞作賓語：動名詞作賓語： a.只接-ing形式，不接不定式的動詞有: admit, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, escape, enjoy, miss, excuse, fancy, finish, imagine, include, keep (on), mind, practice, resist, risk, suggest, advise, appreciate, permit等.如： It is not hard to stop smoking. Do you mind answering the question?b. 既可接不定式又可接-in

5、g形式作賓語的詞有：like, love, hate, prefer, propose,begin, start, continue 等，一般情況下，不定式表示具體的動作而動名詞表示習慣性的動作。 I prefer waiting(to wait) here.c.下列動詞forget, remember,regret, try,mean, cant help, go on , stop, be used to, 可用不定式又可用-ing形式，但意義完全不同。 remember to do記住要去做 remember doing 記得已做了 forget to do 忘記 要去做 forget

6、doing 忘記已做了 regret to do 抱歉要去做 regret doing 后悔已做了 try to do 盡力去做; try doing 試著做 mean to do 打算去做; mean doing 意味著,就是stop to do 停下來去做別的事; stop doing 停止做go on to do 繼續（去做另外一件事情）go on doing 繼續（原先沒有做完的事情）be used to doing習慣于做某事 be used to do 被用來做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事cant help to do 不能幫助做某事 d.表示 “值得、需要”的

7、動詞 deserve, be worth, want, need, require 后接-ing形式時，主動形式表被動意義。其意義相當于不定式的被動結構。 These desks need repairing. =These desks need to be repaired. The patient required examining. =The patient required to be examined.e. 下列詞組接動名詞： leave for, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote to, contribute

8、to, have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth, get used to, pay attention to， be fond of 等 f. 介詞后要接動名詞： what about, how about, without, be fond of ,be good at 等。注意： on/upon doing sth.=as soon as （when）引導的句子。 g. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟動名詞作賓語，如果有名詞或代詞作賓語，則構成“allow/advise/forbid/permit 名詞/代詞不定式

9、(賓語補足語)”之形式。如：We dont allow smoking hereWe dont allow anybody to smoke here4.動名詞做定語：動名詞做定語： a swimming pool; a walking stick; 可于名詞之前構成合成詞，大多表示該名詞的用途或目的。 The young cook stood at the stove holding a frying pan in his hand.5.動名詞的復合結構動名詞的復合結構1、動名詞帶上自己的邏輯主語，這便構成了動名詞的復合結構。2、其邏輯主語一般由物主代詞、名詞所有格、人稱代詞的賓格和名詞的通

10、格來充當。在口語中，物主代詞和名詞所有格可分別由人稱代詞的賓格和名詞的通格代替。e.g.: Do you mind my / me opening the door? I cant imagine Marys / Mary marrying such a young man.3、在下列情況下二者不能相互替代： 1）當動名詞的復合結構作主語時，其邏輯主語只用所有格或物主代詞表示。 His being late made the teacher angry. （正確） Him being late made the teacher angry.（錯誤）2）如動名詞的邏輯主語表示的是無生命的東西，或

11、是雖表有生命的東西但表示的是泛指意義，或是兩個以上表示有生命意義的名詞并列，這時必須用人稱代詞的賓格或名詞的通格作該動名詞的邏輯主語。The boy was frightened by the door (not the doors) shutting.Have you heard of women playing with fire?The father insisted on John and Mary walking to school.3)當邏輯主語是this, that, somebody, someone, nobody, none, anybody anyone時用其通格形式。H

12、e disapproved of that being said about John.The teacher dislikes anyone being late.He insisted on this being true.應試技巧：1)重視句子分析，擺脫思維定勢 1.Does the way you thought of _ rid of bad mood make any sense? (get) 2.The moment weve been looking forward to _ (draw) near towards us.2) 若用動名詞，要關注其主動、被動和時態形式；以及動名

13、詞的否定、加邏輯主語等問題。to getdraws It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repairedExcersice2. Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrow

14、ing; bringing3. The classroom wants _. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning4. Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited5. My brother keeps _ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped6. We should often practise _ English with each other. A.

15、 to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking7. Keep on _ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. triing D. trying8. His parents insist on _ to college. A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go9. The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing

16、D. couldnt help but to laugh10. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂貴), it is worth _. A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it11. He devoted his life to _ the atomic theory. A. study B. be studied C. studying D. have studied12. We are both looking forward to _ next week. A. going on vocation(

17、休假) B. go on vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocation13. You must pay attention to _ the works of Lu Xun. A. read B. reading C. reader D. be read14. You should work tonight instead of _ TV. A. to watch B. you watching C. you watch D. watching15. The microscope is used for_ minute (微

18、小的) objects. A. examining B. being examined C. examined D. examine16. Mike has got used _ up late at night. A. to stay B. stayed C. to staying D. staying17. Once the heart stops _, death follows at once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating18. We are now busy _ for the examination.

19、 A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. being prepared19. I remembered _ this person somewhere before. A. seeing B. having been seen C. seen D. to see20. I regret _ that to her. A. having said B. to have said C. to say D. said21. The patient must be separated to avoid (避免) _ others. A. being infe

20、cted(感染) B. infecting C. to infect D. infected22.Your clothes need _. A. washed B. to be washed C. to wash D. being washed23. _ provides us with essential nutrients (營養), while _ provides us with oxygen. A. To eat; breathing B. Eating; to breathe C. Eating; breathing D. Eaten; breathed24. You cant i

21、magine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm. (遼寧2007) walked B. walk A.C. to walk D. walking25. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time _ the exam. (福建2004)A. pass B. to passC. passed D. passing26. Can I smoke here?Sorry. We dont allow _ here. (江蘇2007) A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking27. It is difficult to imagine his _ the decision without any consideration. (陜西2006) accept B. accepting A.C. to accept D. accepted動名詞用法口訣：動名詞用法口訣：避 免 錯 過 棄 延 期 ， 建 議 完 成 值 練 習 ；避 免 錯 過 棄 延 期 ， 建 議 完 成 值 練 習 ；樂 想 冒 險