1、通信與信息工程學院MATLAB實驗報告班 級：電子信息科學與技術12級02班姓 名：徐明學 號：1107080232設計時間：2014.3.3 - 2014.4.30通信與信息工程學院二一四年實驗三 圖像處理【實驗內容】1. MATLAB中關于圖像處理的部分語句表1 MATLAB圖像處理工具箱中常用的語句命令功能圖像顯示imagesubimageimagescimshowtruesize建立并顯示圖像在一個圖形窗口中顯示多個圖像調整數據并顯示成圖像圖像顯示調整圖像顯示大小圖像文件輸入輸出imreadimwriteiminfoloadsave圖像文件讀入圖像寫出查看圖像文件信息將以mat為擴展名

2、的圖像文件調入到內存將內存變量中的圖像保存到以mat為擴展名的文件中圖像幾何運算imcropimresizeimrotate圖像剪裁圖像大小調整圖像旋轉圖像像素值及統計imhistmean2std2corr2求圖像數據直方圖求均值求標準差求相關系數圖橡增強及平滑imadjusthisteqimnoise medfilt2對比度調整直方圖均衡給圖像增加噪聲二維中值濾波器圖像變換fft2ifft2dct2idct2dctmtx計算二維FFT計算二維逆FFT計算2D離散余弦變換計算2D反離散余弦變換計算DCT矩陣其它conv2convmtx2xcorr2二維卷積計算二維卷積矩陣二維互相關1-1 讀取

3、RGB彩色圖像，采用rgb2gray( ) 函數將其轉化為灰度圖像語法：I = rgb2gray(RGB) converts the truecolor image RGB to the grayscale intensity image I.程序：I=imread('lenna_color.tiff');G = rgb2gray(I);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(I);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(G);1-2 讀取tougu.bmp和fei.bmp灰度圖像，分別采用imhist( ) 函數繪制它們的圖像直方圖，并采用直方圖均勻化histeq（）

4、函數進行增強處理。語法：1、直方圖函數 imhist(I,n)imhist(I,n) displays a histogram with n bins for the intensity image I above a grayscale colorbar of length n. If you omit the argument, imhist uses a default value of n = 256 if I is a grayscale image, or n = 2 if I is a binary image.2、直方圖均衡化函數 J = histeq(I, hgram)J =

5、 histeq(I, hgram) transforms the intensity image I so that the histogram of the output intensity image J with length(hgram) bins approximately matches hgram. The vector hgram should contain integer counts for equally spaced bins with intensity values in the appropriate range: 0, 1 for images of clas

6、s double, 0, 255 for images of class uint8, and 0, 65535 for images of class uint16. histeq automatically scales hgram so that sum(hgram) = prod(size(I). The histogram of J will better match hgram when length(hgram) is much smaller than the number of discrete levels in I.程序：A=imread('source.BMP&

7、#39;);B=imread('rice.bmp');K=histeq(A);V=histeq(B);subplot(2,3,1),imshow(A);subplot(2,3,2), imhist(A);subplot(2,3,3),imshow(K);subplot(2,3,4),imshow(B);subplot(2,3,5), imhist(B);subplot(2,3,6),imshow(V);實驗結果：1-3 讀取灰度圖像，分別對圖像進行二維快速傅里葉變換和二維快速傅里葉反變換，二維離散余弦變換和二維離散余弦反變換。并分別顯示出變換后的圖像。語法：1、二維快速傅里葉變

8、換 Y = fft2(X)Y = fft2(X) returns the two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of X, computed with a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. The result Y is the same size as X.2、二維快速傅里葉反變換 Y = ifft2(X)Y = ifft2(X) returns the two-dimensional inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of X, comp

9、uted with a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. The result Y is the same size as X.3、二維離散余弦變換 B = dct2(A)B = dct2(A) returns the two-dimensional discrete cosine transform of A. The matrix B is the same size as A and contains the discrete cosine transform coefficients B(k1,k2).4、二維離散余弦反變換 B = idc

10、t2(A)B = idct2(A) returns the two-dimensional inverse discrete cosine transform (DCT) of A.程序：I=imread('finger.bmp');X = fft2(I);Y = ifft2(I);Z= dct2(I);B = idct2(I);subplot(2,3,1);imshow(I);subplot(2,3,2);imshow(X);subplot(2,3,3);imshow(Y);subplot(2,3,4);imshow(Z);subplot(2,3,5);imshow(B);

11、1-4 讀取灰度圖像，采用imnoise（）函數對圖像進行加噪處理并顯示噪聲圖像，同時采用中值濾波函數medfilt2（）對噪聲圖像進行去噪處理并顯示去噪后圖像。語法：1、圖像加噪函數 J = imnoise(I,type)J = imnoise(I,type) adds noise of given type to the intensity image I. type is a string that can have one of these values: 'gaussian' for Gaussian white noise 'localvar' for zero-mean Gaussian white noise with an intensity-dependent variance 'poisson' for Poisson noise 'salt & pepper' for "on and off" pixels 'speckle' for multiplicative noise。2、二維中值過濾函數 B = medfilt2(A)B = medfilt2(A) performs median filtering of t