1、儀器儀表管理1.題目要求.【要求】 系統功能的基本要求：（1） 新的儀器儀表信息的錄入；（2） 在借出、歸還、維修時對儀器儀表信息的修改；（3） 對報廢儀器儀表信息的刪除；（4） 按照一定的條件查詢符合條件的儀器儀表信息；查詢功能至少應該包括儀器儀表基本信息（如儀器儀表名字、儀器儀表編等）的查詢、按時間點（借入時間、借出時間、歸還時間）查詢等（5） 對查詢結果的輸出。 【提示】 數據結構采用結構體。儀器儀表信息包括儀器儀表名、儀器儀表編號、購買時間、借入時間、借出時間、歸還時間、維修時間、狀態信息（0代表可借出，1代表已借出，2代表正在維修）等。.需求分析根據題目要求，需要把儀器儀表信息的的數

2、據存儲在文件里，所以需要提供文件的輸入輸出等操作；在程序中要提供修改，刪除，查找等操作；另外還應該提供鍵盤式選擇菜單實現功能選擇。2.功能實現設計2.1總體設計 儀器儀表管理系統添加查詢修改刪除退出系統功能模塊圖2.2詳細設計1. 主函數主函數一般設計得比較簡潔，只提供輸入輸出和功能處理的函數調用。其各功能模塊用菜單方式選擇。本題將main（）函數體內的界面選擇部分語句單獨抽取出來作為一獨立函數，目的在于系統執行完每部分功能模塊后能夠方便返回到系統界面。【程序】 main()menu();菜單部分設計如下：【流程圖】顯示一系列功能選項 輸入n，判斷n是否是17 N Y根據n的值調用各功能模塊函

3、數 主函數的菜單流程圖【程序】main()system("cls");/*清屏*/menu();void menu()int w,n;dosystem("cls");printf("tt WELCOME TO THE EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMnnn");printf("nntt=*=nnn");printf("ttt1:Add message of new equipmennn");printf("ttt2:Load the message of all

4、equipmentnn");printf("ttt3:Correct the message of equipmentnn");printf("ttt4:Ddlete the message of broken equipmentnn");printf("ttt5:Search the message of equipmentnn");printf("ttt6:Search of all the equipmentnn");printf("ttt7:Exitn");printf(&qu

5、ot;nntt=*=nnn");printf("Please choice your number: bb");scanf("%d",&n);if(n<1|n>7) w=1;else w=0;while (w=1);/*選擇功能*/switch(n)case 1:add_new_message();break;/*添加模塊*/case 2:load_record();break;/*顯示模塊*/case 3:modify();break;/*修改模塊*/case 4:delete();break;/*刪除模塊*/case 5

6、:search();break;/*查詢模塊*/case 6:statistic();break;/*統計模塊*/case 7:exit(0);break;/*退出模塊*/2. 各功能模塊設計（1）添加模塊 【數據結構】 【分析】 單獨看各數據信息，儀器儀表名是字符型，可采用字符型數組；儀器儀表編號、購買時間、借入時間、借出時間、歸還時間、維修時間應采用實型；狀態信息是整數，采用整型。實際上操作時發現只有字符型的數據可以在文件中成功被保存，所以本題所有數據一律采用字符型。struct equipchar number4;char name11;char b_time11;char bin_ti

7、me11;char bout_time11;char giveb_time11;char repair_time11; /*time為下面程序中按時間查找和修改時記錄輸入的時間*/int state;equM;【注意】equM中的M是儀表儀器個數，程序中采用宏定義的方式，可以隨時在源程序宏定義中改，本程序宏定義#define M 50。輸入用戶要輸入儀器的個數n 【流程圖】i從0到n1調用輸入函數input(i) i！0 Y調用保存函數save(n)輸入模塊流程圖【程序】/*添加模塊*/void add_new_message()int t,i,m;system("cls"

8、);t=load_equ();printf("How many groups datas do you want to add?n");printf("input the number: bbb");scanf("%d",&m);for(i=0;i<m;i+)printf("nInput %dth equipment record.n",i+1);input(t+i);/*調用輸入函數*/save(t+m,0);/*調用保存函數 保存t+m組數據*/system("cls");me

9、nu();/*返回登陸界面*/*輸入函數*/ void input(int i)printf("Please input:nnumber name b_time b_in_time b_out_time g_back_time repair_time staten");scanf("%s %s %s %s %s %s %s %d",&equi.number,&,&equi.b_time,&equi.bin_time,&equi.bout_time,&equi.giveb_time,&

10、;equi.repair_time,&equi.state);/*顯示記錄模塊*/void load_record()int t;t=load_equ();printf_n(t);printf("nnnPress any key to go back.nn");getchar();menu();/*顯示一個儀器記錄的函數*/void printf_one(int i)printf("%-3s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %d.nn",equi.number,,equi.b_time,e

11、qui.bin_time,equi.bout_time,equi.giveb_time,equi.repair_time,equi.state);/*顯示n個儀器記錄的函數*/void printf_n(int n)int j;system("cls");/*清屏*/printf("number name b_time b_in_time b_out_time g_back_time repair_time sn");for(j=0;j<n;j+) if(j+1)%10=0)/*控制顯示，每屏顯示10行*/ printf("nnPass

12、any key to continue ."); getchar(); puts("nn"); printf_one(j);/*調用顯示一個儀器記錄的函數*/ （2）修改模塊需求分析 該模塊的功能是顯示所有儀器儀表信息，考慮到記錄較多，建議采用分屏顯示。顯示完所有記錄后，用戶輸入要修改的儀器儀表編號，根據編號查找儀器儀表記錄，并提示用戶修改該記錄的哪部分信息，是儀器儀表的借出時間、歸還時間、修理時間還是狀態，根據用戶選擇修改相應信息。讓用戶選擇查詢方式（number or name）流程圖輸入number or name是否找到此記錄 Y N顯示找到的記錄，調用修

13、改函數提示沒有找到 返回主菜單詢問用戶是否繼續修改修改模塊流程圖程序/*修改模塊*/void modify()struct equip mod;int t,i,m,w,addr=-1;char number4=' ', name11=' 'system("cls");/*清屏*/t=load_equ();doprintf("nInput the equipment'number or name ( 1:the number 2:the name ):nn");printf("What is your ch

14、oice: bb");scanf("%d",&m);if(m=1|m=2) w=0;else w=1;while(w=1);switch(m) case 1: printf("nnPlease input the equipment's number:_bbbb"); scanf("%s",number);break; case 2: printf("Please input the equipment's name:_bbbbbbbbbbb"); scanf("%s&q

15、uot;,name);break;for(i=0;i<t;i+)/*查找要修改的儀器*/ if(strcmp(,name)=0|strcmp(equi.number,number)=0) addr=i; printf("nnPlease input the new information:nn"); printf("number name b_time b_in_time b_out_time g_back_time repair_time sn"); scanf("%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%d",mod.

16、number,,mod.b_time,mod.bin_time,mod.bout_time,mod.giveb_time,mod.repair_time,&mod.state); strcpy(equi.number,mod.number);strcpy(,);strcpy(equi.b_time,mod.b_time);strcpy(equi.bin_time,mod.bin_time);strcpy(equi.bout_time,mod.bout_time); strcpy(equi.giveb_time,mod.giveb_tim

17、e);strcpy(equi.repair_time,mod.repair_time); equi.state=mod.state;printf("%-3s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %d.nn",equi.number,,equi.b_time,equi.bin_time,equi.bout_time,equi.giveb_time,equi.repair_time,equi.state);break; if(addr=-1) printf(" Cannot find the equipment w

18、hich you want to modify!nn");printf(" Press any key to go back.nn"); getchar(); menu(); save(t,0);/*修改后的信息保存*/printf(" Press any key to go back.nn");getchar();menu();（3）查詢模塊顯示一系列功能選項流程圖輸入n，判斷n是否是1-4 N Y根據n的值調用各子功能模塊函數查詢模塊流程圖程序 /*查詢模塊*/void search()int w,n;dosystem("cls&

19、quot;);printf("ntt*nn");printf("ttby b_time quantum to search? Input1n");printf("ttby give_back_time quantum to search? Input2n");printf("ttby number to search? Input3n");printf("ttby name to search? Input4n");printf("tt*nn");printf("

20、Choice your number(1-4): bbb");scanf("%d",&n);if(n<1|n>4) w=1;else w=0;while (w=1);/*選擇功能*/switch(n)case 1:sb_buy_tq();break;/*按購買時間段查詢函數*/case 2:sb_gb_tq();break;/*按歸還時間段查詢*/case 3:sb_par_number();break;/*按指定編號查詢*/case 4:sb_name();break;/*按儀器名稱查詢*/void sb_buy_tq()/*按購買時間段查詢

21、函數*/ char year111,year211; int t,i,sum=0; t=load_equ(); system("cls"); printf("Please input the start time:_._._bbbbbbbbbbb"); scanf("%s",year1); printf("n"); printf("Please input the finish time:_._._bbbbbbbbbbb"); scanf("%s",year2); print

22、f("n"); system("cls"); for(i=0;i<t;i+) if(strcmp(equi.b_time,year1)>=0)&&(strcmp(equi.b_time,year2)<=0) printf_one(i);/*把符合條件的記錄顯示出來*/ sum+; save_search_record(i);/*把符合條件的記錄保存在查詢記事本里*/ getch(); if(sum=0) system("cls"); printf("Sorry! Cannot find th

23、e equipment which you want to.nn"); getch(); printf("Press any key to go back the former step.n"); getchar(); menu();void sb_gb_tq()/*按購買時間段查詢函數*/char year111,year211;int t,i,sum=0;t=load_equ();system("cls");printf("Please input the start time:_._._bbbbbbbbbbb");sc

24、anf("%s",year1);printf("n");printf("Please input the finish time:_._._bbbbbbbbbbb");scanf("%s",year2);printf("n");system("cls"); for(i=0;i<t;i+) if(strcmp(equi.giveb_time,year1)>=0)&&(strcmp(equi.b_time,year2)<=0) printf_on

25、e(i);/*把符合條件的記錄顯示出來*/ sum+; save_search_record(i);/*把符合條件的記錄保存在查詢記事本里*/ getch(); if(sum=0) system("cls"); printf("*nn"); printf("Sorry! Cannot find the equipment which you want to.nn"); printf("*nn"); getch(); printf("Press any key to go back the former s

26、tep.n"); getchar(); menu();void sb_par_number()/*按指定編號查詢*/char number4;int t,i,sum=0;t=load_equ();system("cls");printf("Please input the equipment number(000999):_bbbb");scanf("%s",number);printf("n"); system("cls"); for(i=0;i<t;i+) if(strcmp

27、(equi.number,number)=0) printf_one(i);/*把符合條件的記錄顯示出來*/ sum+; save_search_record(i);/*把符合條件的記錄保存在查詢記事本里*/ getch(); if(sum=0) system("cls"); printf("Sorry! Cannot find the equipment which you want to.nn"); getch(); printf("Press any key to go back the former step.n"); get

28、char(); menu();void sb_name()/*按儀器名稱查詢*/char name11;int t,i,sum=0;t=load_equ();system("cls");printf("Please input the equipment name:_bbbbbbbbbbb");scanf("%s",name);printf("n");system("cls"); for(i=0;i<t;i+) if(strcmp(,name)=0) printf_one

29、(i);/*把符合條件的記錄顯示出來*/ sum+; save_search_record(i);/*把符合條件的記錄保存在查詢記事本里*/ getch(); if(sum=0) system("cls"); printf("Sorry! Cannot find the equipment which you want to.nn"); getch(); printf("Press any key to go back the former step.n"); getchar(); menu();（4）刪除模塊需求分析 該模塊的功能與

30、修改模塊一樣先顯示所有儀器儀表信息，同樣考慮到記錄較多，建議采用分屏顯示。顯示完所有記錄后，用戶輸入要修改的儀器儀表編號，根據編號查找儀器儀表記錄，并提示用戶是否確定要刪除。讓用戶選擇如何搜尋記錄（by number or by name）流程圖輸入要刪除的儀器編號或名稱是否找到此記錄 Y N顯示找到的記錄提示沒有找到刪除 并保存未刪除的記錄刪除 保存為刪除的記 返回主菜單刪除模塊流程圖程序 /*刪除模塊*/3. void delete1()4. 5. FILE *fp1;6. /struct equip mod;7. int t,i,m,w,addr=-1;8. char number4=&

31、#39; ', name11=' '9. /char a12,a22;10. system("cls");/*清屏*/11. t=load_equ();12. if(fp1=fopen("record.txt","w")=NULL)/*以只寫方式打開*/13. 14. printf("nCannot open filen");15. exit(0);16. 17. system("cls");18. do19. 20. system("cls");21

32、. printf("nPlease Input the equipment'number or name to find it( 1:the number 2:the name ):nn");22. printf("What is your choice: bb");23. scanf("%d",&m);24. if(m=1|m=2)25. w=0;26. else27. w=1;28. while(w=1);29.30. switch(m)31. 32. case 1:33. printf("nnPleas

33、e input the equipment's number:(_)bbbb");34. scanf("%s",number);break;35. case 2:36. printf("Please input the equipment's name:(_)bbbbbbbbbbb");37. scanf("%s",name);break;38. 39.40. for(i=0;i<t;i+)/*查找要刪除的儀器*/41. 42. if(strcmp(,name)=0|strcmp(eq

34、ui.number,number)=0)43. 44. addr=i;45. system("cls");46. printf("%-3s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %d.nn",equi.number,,equi.b_time,equi.bin_time,equi.bout_time,equi.giveb_time,equi.repair_time,equi.state); getch(); system("cls");printf("Congratunati

35、ons ! You have been successful to delete it's information. _n"); getch();continue;fwrite(&equi,sizeof(struct equip),1,fp1);/*把不想刪除的保存在記事本里，想刪除的不保存即為刪除*/fclose(fp1);/*關閉文件*/if(addr=-1) system("cls");printf(" Cannot find the equipment which you want to delete!nn");getc

36、h(); printf(" nnnPress any key to go back.nn");getchar();menu();（6） 統計模塊 按要求可按時間段統計 按基本信息統計 并保存至統計記錄文檔 流程圖類似查詢模塊/*統計模塊*/ void statistic()int w,n;dosystem("cls");printf("ntt*nn");printf("ttby b_time quantum to statistic? Input1n");printf("ttby give_back_ti

37、me quantum to statistic? Input2n");printf("ttby number to statistic? Input3n");printf("ttby name to statistic? Input4n");printf("tt*nn");printf(" Choice your number(1-4): bbb");scanf("%d",&n);if(n<1|n>4) w=1;else w=0;while (w=1);/*選擇功能

38、*/switch(n)case 3:tb_par_number();break;case 4:tb_name();break;case 1:tb_buy_tq();break;case 2:tb_gb_tq();break;void tb_par_number()char number4;int t,i,sum=0;t=load_equ();system("cls");printf("Please input the equipment number(000999):_bbbb");scanf("%s",number);printf(

39、"n"); for(i=0;i<t;i+) if(strcmp(equi.number,number)=0) sum+; save_statistic_record(i);/*把符合條件的記錄保存在查詢記事本里*/ if(sum=0) system("cls"); printf(" Sorry! Cannot find the equipment which you want to!nn"); getch(); else system("cls");printf(" There are%-2dequ

40、ipment(s) which you want to statistic in the record!nn",sum);getch(); printf("Press any key to go back the former step.n"); getchar(); menu();void tb_name()char name11;int t,i,sum=0;t=load_equ();system("cls");printf("Please input the equipment name:_bbbbbbbbbbb");s

41、canf("%s",name);printf("n"); for(i=0;i<t;i+) if(strcmp(,name)=0) sum+; save_statistic_record(i);/*把符合條件的記錄保存在查詢記事本里*/ if(sum=0) system("cls");printf(" Sorry! Cannot find the equipment which you want to!nn");getch(); else system("cls");pri

42、ntf(" There are%-2dequipment(s) which you want to statistic in the record!nn",sum);getch(); printf("Press any key to go back the former step.n"); getchar(); menu();void tb_buy_tq()char year111,year211;int t,i,sum=0;t=load_equ();system("cls");printf("Please input th

43、e start time:_._._bbbbbbbbbbb");scanf("%s",year1);printf("n");printf("Please input the finish time:_._._bbbbbbbbbbb");scanf("%s",year2);printf("n"); for(i=0;i<t;i+) if(strcmp(equi.b_time,year1)>=0)&&(strcmp(equi.b_time,year2)<=0

44、) sum+; save_statistic_record(i);/*把符合條件的記錄保存在查詢記事本里*/ if(sum=0) system("cls");printf("*nn");printf(" Sorry! Cannot find the equipment which you want to!nn");printf("*nn");getch(); else system("cls");printf("*nn");printf(" There are%-2

45、dequipment(s) which you want to statistic in the record!nn",sum);printf("*nnnn");getch(); printf("Press any key to go back the former step.n"); getchar(); menu();void tb_gb_tq()char year111,year211;int t,i,sum=0;t=load_equ();system("cls");printf("Please input

46、the start time:_._._bbbbbbbbbbb");scanf("%s",year1);printf("n");printf("Please input the finish time:_._._bbbbbbbbbbb");scanf("%s",year2);printf("n"); for(i=0;i<t;i+) if(strcmp(equi.giveb_time,year1)>=0)&&(strcmp(equi.giveb_time,ye

47、ar2)<=0) sum+; save_statistic_record(i);/*把符合條件的記錄保存在查詢記事本里*/ if(sum=0) system("cls"); printf("*nn"); printf(" Sorry! Cannot find the equipment which you want to!nn"); printf("*nn"); getch(); else system("cls"); printf("*nn"); printf(&qu

48、ot; There are%-2dequipment(s) which you want to statistic in the record!nn",sum); printf("*nnnn"); getch(); printf("Press any key to go back the former step.n"); getchar(); menu(); (7)顯示記錄模塊 /*顯示記錄模塊*/void load_record()int t;t=load_equ();printf_n(t);system("cls");p

49、rintf("nnnPress any key to go back.nn");getch();getchar();menu(); 公共函數下面是在每個功能模塊中都有可能用到的一些公共函數。（1） 保存函數save(int n)（2） void save(int n,int m)/*n表示保存n組數據，m表示保存在哪個文件夾里*/（3） （4） FILE *fp;（5） int i;（6） if(m=0)（7） fp=fopen("record.txt","w");/*以只寫方式打開*/（8） else if(m=1)（9） fp=fopen("search_record.txt","w");（10） else（11）