1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上高考英語語法省略 無論在口語中還是在書面語中,有時(shí)為了講話簡潔或行文方便,常常在不影響文意的情況下將句子中的某些成分略去,這種現(xiàn)象稱為省略?？v觀歷年高考試題,"省略"在單項(xiàng)填空中頻頻出現(xiàn)。簡單句中的省略1、省略主語 祈使句中主語通常省略；其它省略主語多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說法。(1) (I) Thank you for your help.(2) (I) See you tomorrow.(3) (It) Doesnt matter.(4) (I) Beg your pardon. 2、省略主謂或主謂語的一部分 (1) (There is) N

2、o smoking .(2) (Is there) Anything wrong ?(3) (Will you) Have a smoke ?(4) What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ?(5) Why (do you) not say hello to him ? 3、省略作賓語的不定式短語，只保留to，但如果該賓語是動詞be或完成時(shí)態(tài)，則須在之后加上be或have:(1) Are you going there? -Yes, Id like to (go there).(2) He didnt give me the chance

3、, though he had promised to (give me the chance).(3) Are you an engineer? -No, but I want to be.(4) He hasnt finished the task yet. -Well, he ought to have. 4、省略表語 (1) Are you thirsty? -Yes, I am (thirsty).(2) His brother isnt lazy, nor is his sister (lazy). 5、同時(shí)省略幾個(gè)成分 (1) Lets meet at the

4、 same place as (we met) yesterday.(2) -Have you finished your work ? -(I have) Not (finished my work) yet. 主從復(fù)合句中的省略1、主句中有一些成分被省略(1) ( Im ) Sorry to hear you are ill.(2) ( Its a ) Pity that he missed such a good chance. 2、主句中有一些成分被省略(1) Is he coming back tonight? -I think so.(2) She must b

5、e busy now? -If so, she cant go with us.(3) Is she feeling better today? -Im afraid not.(4) Do you think he will attend the meeting? -I guess not. 這種用法常見的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so.及I suppose/believe/hope not.  并列句中的省略 兩個(gè)并列句中，后一個(gè)分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。 (1) My father is a doct

6、or and my mother (is) a nurse.(2) I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school.(3) When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter. 其他省略1、連詞的that省略(1)     賓語從句中常省略連詞that，但也有不能省略的情況。(2) 在定語從句中，that在從句中作賓語時(shí)可省

7、略.另外，凡是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的定語從句都可省略關(guān)系代詞和be 動詞。 2、在某些狀語從句中，從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí)，可省去“主語+be”部分(1)     When (he was) still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night.(2)     She tried her best though (she was) rather poor in health.(3)     If (you are) ask

8、ed you may come in.(4)     If (it is) necessary Ill explain to you again. 狀語從句的省略原則主要是：如果從句中的主語和主句中的主語一致，就可以經(jīng)過一定的變動把狀語從句中的主語和謂語的一部分或全部省略，從而使語言更加簡潔、明了。現(xiàn)就把各種狀語從句的省略?，F(xiàn)象列舉如下：一、時(shí)間狀語從句中的省略When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. 她很小時(shí)，就開始學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴。While (I was) at co

9、llege, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大學(xué)時(shí)就開始認(rèn)識他，一個(gè)奇怪但有能力的學(xué)生When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) 到達(dá)之后，來個(gè)電報(bào)Dont come in until (you are) asked to. 不叫你請你不要進(jìn)來Whenever (it is )possible, you should come and help. 不管什么時(shí)候只要有可能就來幫忙。You should let us kn

10、ow the result as soon as(it is) possible. 你應(yīng)盡快讓我們知道結(jié)果。注：as在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，沒有這種省略現(xiàn)象。我們不可說As walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground.二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句中的省略. 地點(diǎn)狀語從句的省略常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)： where(ver) possible, where(ver) necessary,Lay these books where possible you can find them easily. 把這些書放在你可能容易找到的地方。Put in articl

11、es wherever necessary in the following passages. 在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠詞三、條件狀語從句中的省略常用的句型是：if necessary, if possible, if true, if anyone等。如：Send the goods now if (they are) ready. 貨物如果準(zhǔn)備好了，請送過來。 He will come if (he is) asked. 如果叫他來，他就來If (it is) necessary, ring me at home. 如果有可能，朝我家里打電話。Come along with me i

12、f (it is) possible. 如果有可能和我一起去吧。If (it is) true, this will casue us a lot of trouble. 如果是真的，這會給我們帶來很多麻煩。There are few people nowadays, if (there are) any, who remember him. 很少有人能記起他。You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 。四、讓步狀語從句中的省略He is a good man, though sometimes (he is

13、) rather dull. 他真是個(gè)好人，盡管有時(shí)有點(diǎn)無聊。Even if (I am ) invited to, I wont go to such a bad lecture. 即使邀我去，我都不想聽如此壞的報(bào)告五、比較狀語從句中的省略She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you (do). 她鋼琴彈的我你彈的一樣好。She has finished the work earlier than (it has been) expected. 她這項(xiàng)工作比預(yù)料的提前完成六、方式狀語從句中的省略as if/as though后還可加n./

14、a./ad./介詞短語現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞不定式。He acts as if (he were) a fool. 他的行為舉止好象是個(gè)傻子。She talked to the stranger as if (she were) absent-minded. 她和陌生人談話似乎很不在意。He opened the desk, as if (he was) in search of something important. 他打開抽屜仿佛要找一件什么重要的東西。The boy is running impatiently here and there as if (he is) searching f

15、or something lost on the sports ground. 這男孩很不耐心地在操場上到處跑著仿佛在找什么東西。The football player is rolling on the ground as if (he is) hurt badly in the leg. 足球運(yùn)動員在操場上打著滾似乎他的腿傷得厲害。He moved his lips as if (he wanted )to speak. 他的嘴動著仿佛要說什么。 3、不定式符號to的省略(1)     并列的不定式可省去后面的 to. I told him

16、 to sit down and wait for a moment. (2) help 當(dāng)“幫助”講時(shí)，后面的賓語或賓補(bǔ)的不定式符號to可帶可不帶. I will help (to) do it for you. I will help you (to) do it.（3）介詞but前若有動詞do,后面的不定式不帶 to. The boy did nothing but play.(4) 某些使役動詞（let, make, have）及感官動詞（see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等）后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式一

17、定要省去 to, 但在被動語態(tài)中須將to 復(fù)原。 I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree. The boss made us work 12 hours a day. We were made to work 12 hours a day.(5) 主語從句中有動詞do,后面作表語的不定式的 to可帶可不帶。 All we can do now is (to) wait.(6) find 當(dāng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)”講時(shí)，后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式符號to可帶可不帶。 We found him (to) work very hard at the experiment. 但如果是不定式 to be，則不能省略。 She found him to be dishonest.  4、連詞if