1、十六、虛擬語氣十六、虛擬語氣從從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。處的最佳選項。()1.If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful.(2012山東山東)Ahavent made Bwouldnt makeCdidnt make Dhadnt made1D。題干的意思是：。題干的意思是：“如果我們沒有做好充如果我們沒有做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，會議是不可能那么成功的。分的準(zhǔn)備，會議是不可能那么成功的。”由語由語境可知境可知“會議是成功的會議是成功

2、的”，因為，因為“我們作了充我們作了充分的準(zhǔn)備分的準(zhǔn)備”，由此推斷此題考查與過去事實相，由此推斷此題考查與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，反的虛擬語氣，if從句用過去完成時，主句用從句用過去完成時，主句用“would/could/should/mighthave done”形式，形式，故故D項正確。項正確。 ()2.We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _us a ride home.(2012天津天津)Adidnt offer Bwouldnt offerChasnt offered Dhadnt offered2D。句意為。句意為“如果昨天

3、哈羅德沒有開車送如果昨天哈羅德沒有開車送我們回家的話，我們就乘出租車了。我們回家的話，我們就乘出租車了。”根據(jù)根據(jù)句意以及題干中關(guān)鍵信息詞句意以及題干中關(guān)鍵信息詞would have called，yesterday以及以及if可知，強調(diào)的是過去可知，強調(diào)的是過去的虛擬，答案為的虛擬，答案為D。 ()3.Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she _ there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.(2012安徽安徽)Alives Bwould

4、liveChas lived Dwere to live3D。句意：格雷斯不想搬到紐約去，因。句意：格雷斯不想搬到紐約去，因為她認(rèn)為，如果她住在那里，她就不能經(jīng)為她認(rèn)為，如果她住在那里，她就不能經(jīng)常看見她的父母了。主句常看見她的父母了。主句“Grace doesnt want to move to New York”說明她還沒有說明她還沒有搬到紐約去，搬到紐約去是對搬到紐約去，搬到紐約去是對“未來未來”的的虛擬。虛擬。if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中表示與將來的引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中表示與將來的事實相反時可使用過去式、事實相反時可使用過去式、“shouldv.”或或“were tov.”的形式，故選的形式，

5、故選D。 ()4.If Newton lived today，he _ by what has been discovered in science and technology.Awould have been surprised Bwill be surprised Cwould be surprised Dis surprised4C。句意：如果牛頓現(xiàn)在還活著，他一定。句意：如果牛頓現(xiàn)在還活著，他一定會為科學(xué)和技術(shù)上的發(fā)現(xiàn)而感到驚奇。對現(xiàn)會為科學(xué)和技術(shù)上的發(fā)現(xiàn)而感到驚奇。對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，主句的謂語動詞用在的虛擬，主句的謂語動詞用would / could / might 動詞原形。動詞原形

6、。 ()5.If you had come to the party last night you _ seen the famous singer.Ahad BhasCwill have Dwould have5D。句意：如果昨晚你來參加晚會的話，。句意：如果昨晚你來參加晚會的話，就能看見那位著名的歌手了。這是對過去就能看見那位著名的歌手了。這是對過去情況的虛擬。主句的謂語動詞為情況的虛擬。主句的謂語動詞為would / could / mighthave done。一、概述：一、概述：虛擬語氣用于表示主觀愿望或假設(shè)的虛擬情況。虛擬語氣用于表示主觀愿望或假設(shè)的虛擬情況。虛擬語氣中的說話者所講

7、的內(nèi)容往往是與事實相虛擬語氣中的說話者所講的內(nèi)容往往是與事實相反的或是其現(xiàn)實的可能性微乎其微，甚至沒有實反的或是其現(xiàn)實的可能性微乎其微，甚至沒有實現(xiàn)的可能性，但有時為了使說話的語氣客氣、緩現(xiàn)的可能性，但有時為了使說話的語氣客氣、緩和、委婉，也使用虛擬語氣。和、委婉，也使用虛擬語氣。二、虛擬語氣用于條件句中：二、虛擬語氣用于條件句中：1虛擬語氣用于條件狀語時，主語與從句的動詞虛擬語氣用于條件狀語時，主語與從句的動詞形式：形式：四、四、“虛擬語氣虛擬語氣”在高考試卷中的考點體現(xiàn)：在高考試卷中的考點體現(xiàn)：高考對虛擬語氣考查直接表現(xiàn)在特定語言環(huán)境中高考對虛擬語氣考查直接表現(xiàn)在特定語言環(huán)境中的用法，名詞

8、性從句中的虛擬語氣以及在閱讀文的用法，名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣以及在閱讀文章中的理解。章中的理解。中譯英：中譯英：(注意使用虛擬語氣注意使用虛擬語氣)1如果你早聽取了我的建議，你在英語學(xué)習(xí)如果你早聽取了我的建議，你在英語學(xué)習(xí)上應(yīng)該也早取得進步了。上應(yīng)該也早取得進步了。_2要是我當(dāng)時認(rèn)識你的話，我就借錢給你投要是我當(dāng)時認(rèn)識你的話，我就借錢給你投資了。資了。_1If you had followed my advice earlier，you would have made great progress in English (learning)2If I had known you，I would

9、 have lent you some money to do the investment.3如果如果Jason在這兒，我們可以征詢他的意見。在這兒，我們可以征詢他的意見。_4萬一發(fā)生地震，我們怎么辦？萬一發(fā)生地震，我們怎么辦？_5如果有機會的話，我會去美國繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)語如果有機會的話，我會去美國繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)語言的。言的。_3If Jason were here，we could ask him for advice.4Should there be an earthquake，what should we do?5If I had a chance，I would go further study

10、 of language in America.6奇怪的是他竟然沒告訴我們就走了。奇怪的是他竟然沒告訴我們就走了。_7要是我們邀請了她，她會來的。要是我們邀請了她，她會來的。_8如果我是你，我就會去找他的。如果我是你，我就會去找他的。_6It was strange that he should leave without telling us.7She would have come，if we had invited her.8If I were you，I would go to find him.9我那天生病了，否則我就參加派對了。我那天生病了，否則我就參加派對了。_10沒有音樂，世界

11、會很沉悶。沒有音樂，世界會很沉悶。_9I was ill that day.Otherwise，I would have taken part in the party.10Without music，the world would be a dull place.十六十六 、虛擬語氣、虛擬語氣Directions：For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.()1

12、. I probably _ him, a friend of mine, had the square been crowded with people.Adidnt noticeBhadnt noticed Cwouldnt noticeDwouldnt have noticed1D。該題考的是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，。該題考的是與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，從句從句had the square been crowded with people等于等于if the square had been crowded with people所以主句用所以主句用would have done。 ()

13、2.I _ you a more valuable present for your birthday gift.I was short of money at that time.Awould buy Bhad bought Cbought Dwould have bought2D。后一個簡單句。后一個簡單句“I was short of money.time”為真實的情況，而前一個簡單句為真實的情況，而前一個簡單句 “I.for your birthday gift”是與過去情況不相是與過去情況不相符的情況。謂語動詞套用了主句虛擬與過去相符的情況。謂語動詞套用了主句虛擬與過去相反的謂語動詞

14、形式。反的謂語動詞形式。 ()3.The girl whose parents manage a big restaurant would be thinner but she _too much.Aate Bhad eatenCeats Dis eating3C。前面虛擬語氣暗示跟現(xiàn)在事實相反。前面虛擬語氣暗示跟現(xiàn)在事實相反。 ()4._ the present unemployment continue, the society would face a more troublesome situation.AWould BShould CMight DCould4B。該題考查虛擬語氣。該

15、題考查虛擬語氣if條件從句的省略條件從句的省略與倒裝的情況，可以還原為：與倒裝的情況，可以還原為：If the present unemployment should continue.。 ()5.When do you suggest _？Athe project be carried outBthat the project should beginCshould the project be carried outDwill the project begin5A。do you suggest是插入語，后面要用是插入語，后面要用陳述句語序并且用虛擬語氣。陳述句語序并且用虛擬語氣。 ()6

16、.Did you go to see the football match yesterday?No.I didnt feel well, but I would have gone if I _.Adid BWouldChad Dhave6C。與過去情況相反的虛擬語氣。與過去情況相反的虛擬語氣。 ()7._ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Internet games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.AIf I devoted BHad I devoted

17、CWould I be devoted DShould I be devoted7B。考查虛擬語氣。從語境可知從句表示。考查虛擬語氣。從語境可知從句表示對過去事實相反的假設(shè)，即對過去事實相反的假設(shè)，即If I had devoted more energy to my study.。 ()8.I would buy that car but I _enough money.Ado not have Bdid not have Cwill not have Dhad not had8A。前一分句指與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬。前一分句指與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，后一分句陳述事實，語氣，后一分句陳述事實，

18、but指前后意義指前后意義相反。相反。 ()9.He insisted what he did _ right and anyone who broke laws _Awas; be punishedBbe; was punishedCwas; was punishedDbe; be punished9A。考查。考查insist的用法。表的用法。表“堅持認(rèn)為堅持認(rèn)為”時，用正常時態(tài)；表時，用正常時態(tài)；表“堅持要求堅持要求”時，要時，要用虛擬語氣。用虛擬語氣。 ()10._ your letter，I would have set off two days ago.AIf I could hav

19、e received BIf I received CShould I receive DHad I received10D。句意：如果我收到你的信，那兩天。句意：如果我收到你的信，那兩天前我就出發(fā)了。與過去事實不符，從句謂語前我就出發(fā)了。與過去事實不符，從句謂語動詞用動詞用haddone，如果，如果had提前，提前，if要省略。要省略。（ ）11.The CEO suggested the Corporation _ a bad year and it _ some products to meet the demand.Awas having；importBis having; impor

20、tedChad had；importingDis having；import11A。本題考查。本題考查suggest的兩種用法，的兩種用法，suggest作作“暗示暗示”解釋時不用虛擬語氣，解釋時不用虛擬語氣，但作但作 “建議建議”解釋時要用虛擬語氣。全解釋時要用虛擬語氣。全句譯為句譯為“總裁暗示集團公司當(dāng)年狀況不佳，總裁暗示集團公司當(dāng)年狀況不佳，建議公司進口一些產(chǎn)品滿足需求。建議公司進口一些產(chǎn)品滿足需求。” ()12.If Mary _ free tomorrow, she _ go to the space science show with you.But she will write

21、her essay.Ais; would Bwere; wouldCis; will Dwere; can12B。由于條件句中狀語。由于條件句中狀語tomorrow 的提的提示，可知這是一個對將來事實進行假設(shè)的示，可知這是一個對將來事實進行假設(shè)的句子。句子。 ()13._ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off our sports meet.AWere BShouldCWould DWill13B。 與將來事實可能不符的條件句。與將來事實可能不符的條件句。Should提前提前if省略。答案省略。答案A中中were可以提前可以提前省略省略If，但是

22、此句應(yīng)改為：，但是此句應(yīng)改為：Were it to rain tomorrow, we would have to put off our sports meet。 ()14._ come, what _ you say to him?AWere the teacher to; would BWould the teacher; will CHad the teacher; will DShould the teacher; do14A。考查的是對將來事實的虛擬條件句。考查的是對將來事實的虛擬條件句的省略，及主句的動詞形式。的省略，及主句的動詞形式。 ()15.What would have

23、happened _， as far as the end of the forest?ATina had run farther Bif Tina should run farther Chad Tina run farther Dif Tina ran farther15C。考查對過去事實虛擬的條件句的省略。考查對過去事實虛擬的條件句的省略。 ()16._ the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily.AHad it not been forBIt were not for CIf it had not been for

24、DWere it not for16D。were 提前提前if省略，對現(xiàn)在情況的虛省略，對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬。擬。 ()17._ it to clear up tomorrow, the tourists would climb to the top of the mountain to wait for the sun _AIf; to raise BWere; to riseCShould; to rise DBecause; raising17B。與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣。與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣 were to。 ()18.If I _ plan to do anything I want

25、ed to，Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.Awould Bcould Chad to Dought to18B。could表示一種能力，或可行性。但表示一種能力，或可行性。但實際情況是與之相反。實際情況是與之相反。 ()19. Without the help of my English teacher, I _ the English exam. Awould not passBwould not have passed Cwould passDwould have passed19B。

26、without的意思為的意思為“沒有沒有”，表示，表示假設(shè)。使用虛擬語氣。假設(shè)。使用虛擬語氣。 ()20.I did not regret saying what he had done with the money but felt I _ it in another way. Acould expressBwould expressCcould have expressedDmust have expressed20C。句子意思是。句子意思是“我不后悔說我不后悔說但是但是覺得應(yīng)該以不同的方式表達覺得應(yīng)該以不同的方式表達”，與事實相反。，與事實相反。 ()21. Dont you think

27、 it necessary that the meeting _？I agree, but the problem is _he has refused to. Awill not be put off; thatBnot be put off; thatCshould not put off; whatDshould not put off; that21B。necessary作形式賓語作形式賓語it的賓語補足語，的賓語補足語，表示說話人的主觀看法。表示說話人的主觀看法。that所引導(dǎo)的賓語從所引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中的謂語動詞常用句中的謂語動詞常用 “(should)動詞原形動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)表示主觀

28、看法或愿望。使用虛擬語氣。結(jié)構(gòu)表示主觀看法或愿望。使用虛擬語氣。 ()22.Thanks a lot for all your kindness, I dont think we _ it without you. Acan manageBcould have managedCcould manageDcan have managed22B。“without”表示虛擬條件。使用表示虛擬條件。使用虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣。 ()23.Congratulations! Thank you. But for your help, we _ in the experiment.Awill never suc

29、ceedBshouldnt have succeededCcouldnt have succeededDmustnt have succeeded23C。句子意思：。句子意思：祝賀！祝賀！謝謝你！要謝謝你！要不是你的幫助，我們的實驗是不會成功的。根不是你的幫助，我們的實驗是不會成功的。根據(jù)據(jù)“But for your help”可知要使用虛擬語氣，可知要使用虛擬語氣，couldnt have succeeded 意為意為“本來不可能成本來不可能成功功”。 ()24._ the help from the doctor，the little boy _ lost his mother.AApar

30、t from; should haveBWithout; 不填不填CBut for; would haveDExcept for; would have24C。含蓄虛擬句。含蓄虛擬句。“apart form”相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于“except / besides”；“except for”表示表示“排除，排除，除了除了”。 ()25.It is strange that he _ act toward his parents like that.Acould Bmight Cshould Dwould25C。It is necessary / important / strange that.，謂語動

31、詞用，謂語動詞用should動詞原形。動詞原形。should在此句式中有表示在此句式中有表示“竟然竟然”等驚訝的等驚訝的含義。含義。 ()26.What do you think of Mr. Smiths proposal that we _ have a gettogether next Saturday?Awould B不填不填Cwill Dcan26B。that引導(dǎo)的從句用作引導(dǎo)的從句用作proposal“建建議議”的同位語，謂語動詞用的同位語，謂語動詞用“(should)動動詞原形詞原形”形式。形式。 ()27.If the safety precautions(措施措施) agai

32、nst the accidents _taken in，the miners _ a chance of surviving then.Awere; would haveBwere; will haveChad been; didnt have Dhad been; would have had27D。句末。句末then“那時那時”的出現(xiàn)表明事情的出現(xiàn)表明事情應(yīng)該是過去。句意：如果那時事故的安全應(yīng)該是過去。句意：如果那時事故的安全措施被采納，礦工就有可能生還。措施被采納，礦工就有可能生還。 ()28.Given more money，we _ the experiment better.Don

33、t complain any more.Awill do Bwould do Cwould have done Ddid28C。由后句。由后句“Dont complain any more”提示得知前面的語境應(yīng)該是假設(shè)而來。且與提示得知前面的語境應(yīng)該是假設(shè)而來。且與過去事實不符。過去事實不符。 ()29.Even if he _ here himself, he _know what to do.Awere; did not Bwas; would notCwere; should not Dwas; seldom29C。even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，可引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，可用虛擬語氣

34、，主句、從句的結(jié)構(gòu)與用虛擬語氣，主句、從句的結(jié)構(gòu)與if所引所引導(dǎo)的條件從句結(jié)構(gòu)相同。導(dǎo)的條件從句結(jié)構(gòu)相同。 ()30.The traffic was so bad.I _ home by 6 oclock，otherwise.What a pity! Henry was here to see you.Awould be Bmight be Ccould be Dshould have been30D。“otherwise” 表示否則的含義。表示否則的含義。虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣。 ()31.Thank you for giving me a hand.I_ in the experiment w

35、ithout your valuable help.Ahave failed Bwill failCwould have failed Dmust have failed31C。“without”含蓄虛擬條件句的一種。含蓄虛擬條件句的一種。表示一種虛擬的情況。表示一種虛擬的情況。 ()32.Had we been more careful，the accident might not have happened.But we _ at that time.Ahadnt Bdidnt Cwerent Dmight not32C。上句使用了虛擬語氣。上句使用了虛擬語氣“如果我們?nèi)绻覀兏⌒男@

36、個事故就不會發(fā)生更小心些，這個事故就不會發(fā)生”。第二。第二句句but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，相當(dāng)于表示轉(zhuǎn)折，相當(dāng)于“But we were not careful”，陳述事實。故使用陳述語氣。，陳述事實。故使用陳述語氣。 ()33.Edna looks hot and dry.So _ you if you had a high fever on such a day.Acould BwouldCmay Dmust 33B。全句意為：。全句意為：“Edna看起來又熱又口看起來又熱又口干。干。”“”“要是你在這樣的天發(fā)高燒的話，你要是你在這樣的天發(fā)高燒的話，你也會如此。也會如此。”考查與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語考查與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣。氣。 ()34.The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _ the rules.Aobeyed Bobey Cwill obey Dmust obey34B。insist表示表示“堅持要求堅持要求”，其后的賓，其后的賓語從句使用虛擬語氣，使用語從句使用虛擬語氣，使用(should)動詞動詞原形。原形。 ()35.There was plenty of time.She _.Amustnt have hurrie