1、On January 30，1649 morning, there was a guillotine before Whitehall banqueting hall. Charlie with a smile that showed a calm attitude, in order to maintain their royal dignity, calmly said : death is not terrible for me. Thank God. Im ready. He recited a poem which was written by himself, then calle

2、d himself “the people of martyrs”. Finally, he walked to the guillotine, ending his life.DO YOU KNOW WHY?powerfulrichrespectedhonorableKing is Why Charliewas killed? The England Civil WarGroup1 Content 1Brief Introduction 2Backgrounds 3Process 4EvaluationBRIFEBrife Introductiona series of armed conf

3、licts Puritan Revolutionhuge influences the beginning of Modern British historyThe cradle of capitalism（1） Enclosure（2） Great changes (3)England is one of the Europe countries which developed capitalism first.Enclosure made agricultural capitalism and business develop.Feudal agricultural economy col

4、lapsed. Agriculture and market are in a more close touch.Backgrounds1.Economy Power increase（1） The conflicts （2）The Scotland Protest (3)New nobilities and capitalists increased their power further. They demanded to abolish the feudal autocracy and shared the power with King. the beginning of Stuart

5、 DynastyKing Charles I imposed without parliaments permission and abolished parliament finally.Charles I forced to collect the boat tax. People werent willing to pay it. As a result, refusing to pay the tax developed into a mass protest campaign.Backgrounds2.Politics (2)The conflicts between King an

6、d parliamentCharles Suspect Parliament Married Catholic princessWorried about a Catholic inheritorThirty Years War; financial difficultiesArgumentsCant get money from ParliamentWas dissolved in 1640Was even more hostile towardNew Parliament was formed Thomas Wentworth was arrested in 1641Sent 300 tr

7、oops to arrest his biggest criticsCritics fled into London and hid safelyBackgrounds3. CulturePuritan emerged. It represented the capitalists thoughts. Purposeestablish constitutional monarchyReform religiousPurposeProcessThe first civil warThe second civil warThe restoration of StuartProcess(1) Two

8、 camps: support the king support parliament 1. The first civil warProcessOctober 23 in 1642 The first massive war at Ji Hill The army of the parliament was in a passive situation.Early July in 1642, The battle of Marston moor is the turning point of the English Civil War. The army of the parliament

9、grasps the wars initiative Ferric Cavalry June 14th in 1645 Two sides launched the decisive battle near Naseby. In 1647 March The last stronghold of the army of the king falls in the army of parliaments hand, the first civil war declared the end.Progress2.The second civil warBattle of Preston with S

10、cotland army in August 17.August 25th 1648In 1648Process 3.The Restoration of Stuart(1)In September 1658 Cromwell died. Since then, the struggle for power carried out between the senior officers and Council.(2)In May 1660 Charlie ascend the throne, Charlie II, the Stuart came back.(3)In 1685 After t

11、he death of Charlie II , his brother James succeeded to the throne, James II.(4)In 1688 Mary II and William III established a constitutional monarchy.ReasonsReasons of success Congress has the advantages to win the war. The revolutionaries recombined the army and used the correct strategy and tactics. a justice warEvaluationEvaluation The English Civil War is the struggle between a new bourg