1、tunnel tunnel1 / ttunnel1 / tnl / nnl / n. .port / prt / nin port: Well have to spend 10 days in port for repairs.ventilate / ventl,eventilate / ventl,et / verb t / verb well-ventilated well-ventilated 通風良好的通風良好的p o o r - v e n t i l a t e d p o o r - v e n t i l a t e d 通 風 差 的通 風 差 的chimney chimne

2、y / chimney / ttmni / nmni / n. .sea level sea ,level sea ,level noun noun uncountuncountThe sea level is rising because of The sea level is rising because of the greenhouse effect.the greenhouse effect.double double / ddouble / dbl / bl / adjadj. .consisting of two consisting of two things or parts

3、 of things or parts of t h e s a m e t y p e :t h e s a m e t y p e :fear/ ffear/ fr / r / v.v.fear that.fear that.fear to do sthfear to do sthinvasion / / nvenven / n / 入侵the the German invasionGerman invasion European European1 European1 / ,j/ ,jr rpipin / n / adjectiveadjective歐洲的，歐洲人的，歐盟continen

4、t / knt / kntn nnt / n nt / n 大陸大陸AsiaAsiaAfricaAfricaEuropeEuropeOceaniaOceaniaAmericaAmericaAntarcticaAntarcticaLesson 64 Lesson 64 The channel The channel tunneltunnel1. In 1858, a French engineer, Aim Thom 1. In 1858, a French engineer, Aim Thom de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan de Gamon

5、d, arrived in England with a plan for a twentyfor a twentyoneonemile tunnel under the mile tunnel under the E n g l i s h C h a n n e l .E n g l i s h C h a n n e l . twentyonemile作 tunnel的修飾語，注意 mile為單數。plan for +名詞動名詞表示“的計劃”： They always make plans for their holidays, but, in the end, they always

6、stay at home. He came with a plan for (building) a bridge over the river. 2 2. This platform would serve as a port and . This platform would serve as a port and a r a i l w a y s t a t i o n . a r a i l w a y s t a t i o n . s e r v e a s ， 充 當 ， 起 的 作 用 。 The books on the floor may serve as/ for a

7、carpet. This sofa can serve as/ for (a) bed. 3. The tunnel would be wellventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level. if 引導的真實條件句，由于主時態是過去，所以相應的，主句從句時態也發生了變化。主將 主過將從現 從過e.g. When I was young, I thought if I had a lot o f m o n e y , I w o u l d g o a b r o a d 4. In 1860, a better plan was

8、 put forward by an Englishman, William Low. put forwardput forward為固定短語，可分開用，其含義之為固定短語，可分開用，其含義之一 是一 是 “ 提 出 （ 計 劃 、 建 議 等提 出 （ 計 劃 、 建 議 等 ） ” ： You know they wouldnt accept your plan. You know they wouldnt accept your plan. W h y d i d y o u p u t i t f o r w a r d ? W h y d i d y o u p u t i t f

9、o r w a r d ? Has he put forward any suggestion? Has he put forward any suggestion? 5. He suggested that a double railway t u n n e l s h o u l d b e b u i l t. suggest 表示 “ 建議，提出” 時有兩種句型： a) suggest sth. ( to sb.) 或 suggest doing sth. （ 向 某 人 ） 建 議 某 事 ， 建 議 干 某 事 ： H e s u g g e s t e d a d i f f

10、e r e n t p l a n . He suggested doing it in a different way. b) suggest that someone (should ) do something / that something ( should ) be done 建議某人干某事 / 建議干某事： I suggest that we should go home immediately. He suggested that the doctor should be called in. 6. This would solve the problem of ventila

11、tion, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. d r a w i n ( = t a k e i n ) 吸 入 、 吸 進 7 7. . If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. 這是英語中的虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣所表述的不是一個事實，而只是一種假設或愿望，常伴有if引導的非真實條件句。以上的這句話是對大戰期間所發生的事情的一種假設，而這種假設與事實不符。因此

12、，在條件句中要用過去完成時 had not feared，而主句中則要用 would + have + 過去分詞。 E.g. I got up late this morning, so I missed the train. If I had not got up late, I wouldnt have missed the train1 1 0 0 . I t w a s o f f i c i a l l y o p e n e d o n . I t w a s o f f i c i a l l y o p e n e d o n March7,1994,finally conne

13、cting Britain to March7,1994,finally connecting Britain to t h e E u r o p e a n c o n t i n e n tt h e E u r o p e a n c o n t i n e n t現在分詞現在分詞 connecting connecting 引導的短語相當于一個并列分句。引導的短語相當于一個并列分句。connectconnect表示表示“連接連接”、“連結連結”，可與，可與toto或或withwith連用：連用： This road connects the willage with/to Londo

14、n. This road connects the willage with/to London. The lake and the canal are connected by a river. The lake and the canal are connected by a river. 語法講解語氣：語氣：英語動詞有三種語氣：陳述語氣，祈使語英語動詞有三種語氣：陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。氣和虛擬語氣。1 1：陳述語氣：用來表示所說的話是事實或：陳述語氣：用來表示所說的話是事實或者提出疑問，廣泛用于陳述句，疑問句和者提出疑問，廣泛用于陳述句，疑問句和感嘆句。感嘆句。2 2：祈使語氣：

15、表示所說的話是請求，命令，：祈使語氣：表示所說的話是請求，命令，指示或者勸告。指示或者勸告。虛擬語氣虛擬語氣：虛擬語氣：1.1.表示所說的話表示所說的話不是事實，不是事實，而是一種而是一種假設，猜測，懷疑等。（在條件從句或者讓步狀假設，猜測，懷疑等。（在條件從句或者讓步狀語從句中）語從句中）2 2：一種表示說話人的愿望，要求，命令，建議：一種表示說話人的愿望，要求，命令，建議等（在賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句）等（在賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句）虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種。條件句有真實條件句和非真實條件句兩種。真實條件句真實條件句所表的假設是可能發生

16、和實現的，是所表的假設是可能發生和實現的，是與實施相符的。與實施相符的。E.g. if it is fine tomorrow, I will go E.g. if it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandpa.to visit my grandpa.非真實條件句非真實條件句所表達的假設則不可能或不大可能所表達的假設則不可能或不大可能發生或實現的，與事實相反的情況。發生或實現的，與事實相反的情況。If I were If I were a bird, I would fly to America.a bird, I would fly t

17、o America.虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中1 1 與與現在現在事實相反事實相反If I If I wonwon the lottery, I the lottery, I would buywould buy an an expensive car.expensive car.2 2 與與過去過去事實相反事實相反If he If he had drivenhad driven more carefully, he more carefully, he would not have hadwould not have had the car accident the car accident

18、yesterday.yesterday.If I If I werewere you, I you, I would givewould give your your sister a hug.sister a hug.If I If I had takenhad taken your advice, I your advice, I would would have have hadhad a better future a better future. .Suggest, demandSuggest, demand( (要求要求) ), order, propose, order, pro

19、pose（提（提議，建議）議，建議）, insist, insist（堅持認為），（堅持認為）， command command（命令）（命令） ,request ,request（要求）（要求）, , 后的賓語從句中：后的賓語從句中： （should)+should)+動詞原形動詞原形。I suggest that we (should) set off at once.I suggest that we (should) set off at once.I demanded that he (should) answer me I demanded that he (should) ans

20、wer me immediately.immediately.1.The rice _ if you had been more careful. A. would not be burning B. would not burnC. would not have burnt D. would not burnt2.If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _ me from going. A. had been ; would have prevented B. had been ; would prevent C. were ; would preventD. were ; would have prevented3.I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _ she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come4._ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A. If it is not B. Were it not C. If it