1、疑問詞+ever的用法歸納“疑問詞 + ever”是近年來高考英語的一個(gè)考查熱點(diǎn)，在各版本的中學(xué)英語教材中出現(xiàn)頻率較高，而且是學(xué)生理解和掌握的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。從不同角度論述這方面內(nèi)容的文章很多，本文試圖別辟蹊徑，簡單明了地歸納講解這一問題。 “疑問詞 + ever ”可分為兩類，“疑問代詞 + ever ”： whatever / whichever / whoever (賓格 whomever )和“疑問副詞 + ever ”： wherever / whenever / however.不論是“疑問代詞 + ever ”還是“疑問副詞 + ever ”，其意義都是“不管 / 無論 + 該疑問詞的

2、本義”。1. “疑問代詞 + ever”可引導(dǎo)兩種類型的從句，即讓步狀語從句和名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句)。(1)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。此時(shí) whatever / whoever / whichever 分別等于“ no matter + what / who / which”。例如：Whatever happened， he wouldn't say a word. = No matter what happened， he wouldn't say a word. Whoever says so， it is wrong. = No matter who says so，

3、it is wrong.Whichever dictionary you (may) take， you will have to pay at least 20 dollars. = No matter which dictionary you (may) take， you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.注意：這類從句中應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，從句中也常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 may / might .(2)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。例如：Whoever smokes here will be punished. (主語從句)Beggars will eat whate

4、ver they are given. (賓語從句)Whichever he likes will be given to him. (主語從句)You may invite whoever / whomever you like. (常用 whoever 代替 whomever)此時(shí)它們都不能換成“ no matter + 疑問詞”的形式，但 whoever 等于 anyone who， whatever 等于 anything that. 2. “疑問副詞 +ever ”： wherever / whenever / however 一般只能引導(dǎo)一種類型的從句，即讓步狀語從句，此時(shí)它們分別

5、等于“ no matter + where / when / how ”。例如：Wherever he goes (may go). I'll follow him. = No matter where he goes (may go)，I'll follow him.Whenever I wisited him， he was always busy working. = No matter when I visited him， he was always busy working.However late he is， his mother will wait for h

6、im to have dinner together. = No matter how late he is， his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.注意：當(dāng) however 用作連接副詞時(shí)也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，而 whenever/ wherever 則不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。例如：I'll give you however much money you need. (賓語從句，此時(shí) however 不能改成 no matter how )。3. 另外， whatever / whichever / whoever 與 w

7、henever / wherever / however 分別可相當(dāng)于 what / which / who 與 when / where / how 的強(qiáng)調(diào)式，引起的特殊疑問句往往是簡單句，與原疑問詞的意思、用法完全相同，只是表達(dá)的語氣更為強(qiáng)烈，翻譯時(shí)可加上“到底；究竟”等。例如：What(ever) are you doing ？ 你(到底)在干什么？Which(ever) do you want to buy ？ 你(究竟)要買哪一個(gè)？Who(ever) told you such a foolish story？ (究竟)是誰講給你這么蠢的事？When(ever) can I enjoy a long vacation？ (究竟)什么時(shí)候才能給我放個(gè)長假呢？W