1、2014 ·新課標全國卷 第二部分閱讀理解 (共兩節，滿分60 分)第一節(共 15 小題；每小題 3 分，滿分45 分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A 、 B 、C 和 D) 中，選出最佳選項。2014 新·課標全國卷AThe Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curios

2、ityChallenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem t

3、hat shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue, Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honour

4、ed at aspecial ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brun

5、ch will be served.Between March 10th and March 15h, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The programme guidelines and other related information are available at ： http： /.21. Who can take part in the Curi

6、osity Challenge?A. School students.B. Cambridge locals.C. CSF winners.D. MIT artists.22. When will the prize - giving ceremony be held? A. On February 8th. B. On March 10th.C. On March 15th.D. On April 21st.23. What type of writing is this text?A. An exhibition guide.B. An art show review.C. An anno

7、uncement.D. An official report.【要點綜述】 本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了第六屆劍橋科技節好奇挑戰賽，5至 14歲的學生可以報名參加。參賽作品可以是一幅畫、一篇文章、一張照片或一首詩，且作品能夠鼓勵人們探索世界。在4 月 21 日，好奇挑戰賽優秀作品的作者將被授予獎項。21. A 細節理解題。根據首段中的 “ The challenge invites， even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows

8、 their curiosity ” 可知， 5 至 14 歲的學生可以參加比賽。故選 A 。22. D細節理解題。 根據第三段中的“ Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and areselected as winners willbe honoured at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday， April21st.”可知，頒獎儀式在4 月21 日舉行。故選D。23. C 推理判斷題。 根據短文的內容， 尤其是最后一段中的 “The programme guidelines and oth

9、er related information are available at ：http ：/. ” 可推知這是一個通知。故選C。2014 ·課標全國卷新BPassenger pigeons(旅鴿 ) once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群 ) so large that they darkenedth

10、e sky for hours.It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point，there were more than 3billion passenger pigeons a number equal to 24 to 40 per cent of the total bird population in theUnited States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as 1870 when

11、their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometres) long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply

12、and killed them by the thousands. Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeonshad settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th ce

13、ntury, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeonsnested had been damaged by Americans' need for wood, which scattered(驅散 ) the flocks andforced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be se

14、en again.In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, butby then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeonin the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds surviv

15、ed under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1, 1914.24. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons _ A. were the biggest bird in the worldB. lived mainly in the south of AmericaC. did great harm to the natu

16、ral environmentD. were the largest bird population in the US25. The underlined word“ undoing ” probably refers to the pigeons'“ _ ”A. escapeB. ruinC. liberationD. evolution26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons? A. To seek pleasure.B. To save other birds. C. To make mo

17、ney. D. To protect crops.27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?A. It was ignored by the public.B. It was declared too late.C. It was unfair.D. It was strict.【要點綜述】本文敘述了旅鴿逐漸消失的過程。在美國，18 世紀和19 世紀旅鴿的數量很多。人們認為旅鴿數量多，會有永久的供應，于是殺害了成千上萬的旅鴿。而在19 世紀末，美國人伐木驅散了旅鴿。1897 年密歇根州通過禁止屠殺旅鴿的法律時，在該州已經10

18、年沒有見過大的旅鴿群了。最后一只旅鴿于1914 年在辛辛那提動物園死去。24. D細節理解題。根據第二段中的“ a number equal to 24 to 40 per cent of the totalbird population in the United States ” 可知選 D。25. B詞義猜測題。根據第三段中的“ Where the birds were most abundant, peoplebelieved there was an ever- lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. ” 可知，人們認為旅鴿數

19、量多，會有永久的供應，于是殺害了成千上萬的旅鴿。由此判斷undoing 的意思是 “ 死亡，毀滅 ”。故選 B 。26. C推理判斷題。 根據第三段中的“Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearingswithgrain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, takinghundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaura

20、nts. ”可知， 人們殺死旅鴿主要是為了賺錢。故選C。27. B推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“In 1897, the state of Michiganpassed a lawprohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in thestate for 10 years.”可知， 在密歇根州通過禁止屠殺旅鴿的法律時，在該州已經10 年沒有見過大的旅鴿群了，由此可推斷旅鴿的數量已經很少了，因此這項法律通過得太晚了。故選B。2014 ·課標全國卷新C

21、A typical lion tamer(馴獸師 ) in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip( 鞭 ) and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it's mostly for show. In reality, it's the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face, the lion

22、tries tofocus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomesconfused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion choosesto freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the

23、 same position as the lion? Howoften do you havesomething you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more)only to end upconfused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which opt

24、ionis best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflictinginformation. The end result is that we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be impr

25、oving.It doesn't have to be that way. Anytimeyou find the world waving a chair in your face,remember this: all you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Startingbefore you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, someth

26、ing you want to accomplish, someone you want to become take immediate action. If you're clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair? A. To trick the lion.B. To show off his skills. C. To get

27、ready for a fight.D. To entertainthe audience.29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair? A. They feel puzzled over choices.B. They hold on to the wrong things. C. They find it hard to make changes. D. They have to do something for show.30. What is the author's attitude toward

28、s the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. Tolerant. B. Doubtful.C. Respectful. D. Supportive.31. When the world is “ waving a chair in your face ， you're”advised to _ A. wait for a better chanceB. break your old habitsC. make a quick decisionD. ask for clear guidance【要點綜述】本文是一篇議論文。本文作者利用馴獸師對待獅子

29、的例子說明了人們在面臨多種選擇感到困惑時該如何做。當我們面對多種選擇時，我們常常不知該選哪一種，因此進展較少，或保持原樣。實際上，我們應該專注于一件事，然后下決心做下去。28. A細節理解題。根據首段中的“When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion'sface, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time.”可知，當馴獸師拿著椅子在獅子面前時，獅子會關注椅子的四條腿，故可知椅子用是用來戲耍獅子的。故選A 。29. A推理判斷題。

30、根據首段中的“With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused andis unsure about what to do next. ”可知，當關注的東西很分散時，獅子開始變得困惑，人們與獅子相似，在面臨很多選擇時也會感到困惑，不知道該怎么做。故選A 。30. B推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“ This upsets me to no end because while all theexperts are busy debating about which option is best ” 可知，專家們正忙于討論哪一種選擇是最好的，這令作者苦

31、惱，由此推斷作者對專家的態度是懷疑的。故選B 。31. C推理判斷題。 根據最后一段中的“Anytime you find the world waving a chair in yourface, remember this: all you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started.”可知，當世界在你面前揮舞著一把椅子時，你要集中精力做一件事。故選C。2014 ·課標全國卷新DAs more and more people speak the global languages of English

32、, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6 ， 000 7， 000 languagesspoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) In an effort to pr

33、event language loss, scholars from a number of organizations UNESCO and National Geographic among them have for many years been documenting dying languagesand the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin,a scientist atthe MacmillanCentre, Yale University,who specializes in thelanguages andoral traditionsof

34、the Himalayas, is followingin that_tradition.His recentlypublished book, A Grammar of Thangmi w ith an EthnolinguisticIntroduction to the Speakers andTheir Culture, grows out of hisexperience living, working, and raisinga familyin a village inNepal.Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is jus

35、t a starting point for Turin, who seeksto include otherlanguages and oral traditionsacross the Himalayan reaches ofIndia, Nepal,Bhutan, and China. But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of impo

36、rtant materialsincludingphotographs, films, tape recordings, and fieldnotes which had remained unstudied and werebadly in need of care and protection.Now, through the two organizations that he has founded the Digital Himalaya Project andthe World Oral Literature Project Turin has started a campaign

37、to make such documents, foundin librariesand stores around the world,available not just to scholars but to the youngergenerations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages ca

38、n be saved and reconnected with speech communities.32. Many scholars are making efforts to _ A. promote global languagesB. rescue disappearing languagesC. search for language communitiesD. set up language research organizations33. What does “ that tradition ” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Having full

39、records of the languages.B. Writing books on language teaching. C. Telling stories about language users. D. Living with the native speakers.34. What is Turin's book based on?A. The cultural studies in India.B. The documents available at Yale.C. His language research in Bhutan.D. His personal exp

40、erience in Nepal.35. Which of the following best describes Turin's work? A. Write, sell and donate.B. Record, repair and reward.C. Collect, protect and reconnect. D. Design, experiment and report.【要點綜述】本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了學者們正在努力記錄瀕臨消失的語言和文化，以挽救這些語言和文化。耶魯大學的科學家MarkTurin 專門研究喜馬拉雅山脈的語言和口述傳統， 并根據他自己在尼泊爾一

41、個村莊的生活經歷寫了一本書。他不只是滿足于把這些語言在滅絕前記錄下來，他還要把它們挽救下來，和使用某種語言的社區進行重新連接。32. B細節理解題。根據第二段中的“In an effort to prevent language loss ” 可知，許多學者正在努力記錄瀕臨消失的語言和文化，以挽救這些語言和文化。故選B 。33. A詞義猜測題。根據第四段中的“But he is not content to simply record these voicesbefore they disappear without record. ”可知 Mark Turin 對這些語言做的是全面的記錄。故

42、選 A 。with34. D 推理判斷題。根據第三段的 an Ethnolinguistic Introductionto“His recently published book, A Grammer of Thangmi the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of hisexperience living, working and raising a family in a village in Nepal.”可知，他的書是根據他在尼泊爾一個村莊的生活經歷寫的。故選D。35. C推理判斷題。根據最后一段的“ generations of comm

43、unitiesfromwhom thematerials were originally collected.” 和“ Turin notes ， the endangered languages can be savedand reconnected with speech communities. ”可知， Turin 的作品是從最初的材料上進行的收集，且其作品使瀕臨危險的語言得到了保護，并且與使用某種語言的社區重新連接。故選C。第二節 (共5 小題；每小題3 分，滿分15 分)2014 新·課標全國卷根據短文內容， 從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余

44、選項。The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. _36_ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1 CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious. _37_ Ask kids,“ What ingredients( 配料 ) can weadd to make these pancakes even better next tim

45、e ？” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?2. CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it._38_ There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materialsto

46、 create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3 Interpersonal skillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what's going on insideour own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation an

47、d jumping to false conclusions. _39_ “ Why do you think she's crying ？” “ Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face ？” “ If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel ？”4. Self expression_40_ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas music, acting, drawing, buil

48、ding, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A. Encourage kids to cook with you.B. And we can't forget science education.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet ex

49、ist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.【要點綜述】本文講述了如何幫助孩子發展他們的技能：一是培養孩子的好奇心；二是培養孩子的創造力；三是培養孩子的交際技能；四是讓孩子學會表達自己

50、的思想和想法。36. D根據 “By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter whatthe future holds. ”可知，這里敘述的是幫助他們獲得優秀的技能，所以上句應為“ 怎樣幫助孩子們為他們未來的工作做好準備”。37. A根據 “ What ingredients ( 配料 ) can we add to make these pancakes even betternext time ？ and then try them out. ” 可知，下文敘述的是做煎餅時添加什么配料會

51、更好，所以上句應為 “ 鼓勵孩子和你做飯” 。故選 A 。38. C根據 “True creativity is the abilityto take something existing and create somethingnew from it. ”可知， 上文敘述的是培養孩子的創造力，所以下文應為“我們給孩子提供機會，讓他們用新的方式來使用這些材料” 。故選 C。39. F 根據下文可知本段在教孩子怎樣判斷他人的情感，所以上句應為 “我們可以在真實生活中這樣做或提問一些與故事中的人物相關的問題”。故選 F。40. G 根據下文的內容可知，這里講的是有許多方法表達出自己的想法和觀點，所

52、以用一種有效的方式交流是一種技能。故選G。第三部分英語知識運用 (共兩節，滿分55 分)第一節完形填空 (共 20 小題；每小題2 分，滿分40 分)2014 ·課標全國卷新閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A 、B、C 和 D) 中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。As a general rule, all forms of activitylead to boredom when they are performed on aroutine( 常規 )basis. As a matter of fact, wecan see this _41_at work inpeople of all_42_. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about_43_with theirnew toys. Buttheir _44_soon wears off and byJanuary those_45_toys can befound put away in the baseme