1、標準文檔Tittlesubtitlenamedate1. ExecutiveSummaryTheexecutivesummaryprovidesasynopsisofthereport.Itshouldinclude: Astatementonthepurposeofthereportwhatitsetsouttoachieve Abriefoutlineofthescopeofthereportand/orresearchmethodology Anoutlineofthemajorissuesorfindingscoveredinthereport Anoutlineofthemajorc

2、onclusionsandrecommendationsofthereport.Theexecutivesummaryshouldnotincludenewinformationnorshoulditbeusedasanintroductiontothereport.Astheexecutivesummaryisasummaryofthereport,itshouldALWAYSbetheLASTsectionofthereportwritten實用文案TableofContents1. ExecutiveSummary1TableofContents22. IntroductionorBac

3、kground33. ScopeofReportorResearchObjectives44. ResearchMethodolgy54.1 PrimarySources4.2 SecondarySources5. DetailedFindings65.1 FirstDraft5.2 SecondDraft6. ConclusionsandRecommendations76.1 Conclusion6.2 Recommendations7. Bibliography.8APPENDIX.92. IntroductionorBackgroundItmayincludeanoutlineofthe

4、termsofreferenceorthereasonsforthedecisiontowritethereport(seebelow).Explainthebackgroundtotheissue/problem/topic(thiscouldbethehistory,etc.thathelpsusunderstandtheissue/problem/topic.Whatarethedifferentpointsofview/opinionsabouttheissue/problem/topic?Whatislikelytohappeninthefuture?Thisreportwasreq

5、uestedbyanumberofstudentshavingdifficultyunderstandinghowtowriteareport.Thisreportaimstogivestudentsaplantofollowwhenpreparingtheirmaterialandanexampleofthelayoutofareport.Thematerialforthisreportwasgatheredfromvariousbooksandwebsiteswhichwillbereferredtolater.Thisformatisnottheonlywaytowriteareport

6、.ItiswrittenespeciallyforstudentsundertakingAcademicEnglish.Howeveritcanbeausefulguidetoanystudentinanysubject.3. ScopeofReportorResearchObjectivesOutlinethepurposeofyourreport.Thescopeofthereportshoulddefinemajorissuesorresearchobjectivestobeaddressedbythereport.Ifindoubt,askyouteacher.Theymaybeabl

7、etohelpyoufindtherightplacetolookforinformation.4. ResearchMethodologyMostreportswillinclude: 4.1primarysourcesofinformation-surveys,questionnaires 4.2secondarysourcesofinformation-books,internetThissectionneedstodetailhowtheinformationforthereportwasobtainedandanylimitations.Theplacetostartisinyour

8、ownhead.Howmuchdoyoualreadyknowaboutthetopic?Writeeverythingdown.Usethelibrary.Notjusttheinternet.Therearebooks,magazines,newspapers,andstafftohelpyou.Takenotesandorganisetheinformationinafolder.Remembertowritedownalltheinformationaboutanybookorwebsite,etc.forthebibliography:author,title,datepublish

9、ed,publisherandplacepublished(seeAppendixBofthisreport).Notetakingskillsarenecessarywhenreadinginformationandyoumustsummarisemuchofthatinformation.5. DetailedFindingsThelargestsectionofthereport-itwillcontainalltheinformationandanalysis,includingtables,chartsanddiagrams.Thebodymustbedividedintologic

10、alsectionsandsubsectionswithheadingsidenticaltothoseintheTableofContents.Itwillincludeheadingsandsub-headingswhichreflectthecontentsofeachsection.AlthoughareportstartswithasynopsisdonotstartwritingituntilAFTERyoufinishtheintroduction,bodyandconclusioninthatorder.5.1 FIRSTDRAFTDividethebodyoftherepor

11、tintoheadingsandsubheadings,soeachsectioncanbewrittenonitsown.Thismakesthetaskseemeasier.Usethepassivevoice(revisethissectionofEnglishonCue,Module5).Useshortsentencesandsimple,formallanguage.Includepicturesifyouwanttomakeitmoreinterestinge.g."Diagram2showsthat”Useyourcomputer'sspellcheckand

12、printpreviewwherepossible.Planthepagescarefully.Carelesslayoutwilllosemarks.Checkgrammarandpunctuation.Whenreferencingabook,etc.inyourwritingrememberquotingdirectlymustusequotationmarkse.g.“TherearemanyreasonswhypeoplevisitAustralia.”(Smith2012).Indirectquotes(paraphrasing):Smith(2012)saystherearema

13、nydifferentreasonspeoplewanttovisitAustralia.Savetwocopies:oneonyourcomputerandoneonaUSB.Lostworkmeansstartingagain.5.2 SECONDDRAFTProducingtheseconddraftisnothardonceyourfirstdraftofthereportisedited,typedandsaved.6. ConclusionandRecommendationsThisisasummaryofthemainfindingsofthereport,especiallyt

14、hosethatareforthereader/client.Conclusionshouldtellwhatthedetailedfindingsmeanforthereader/clientinrelationtothescopeofthereportorresearchobjectives.Therecommendationsshouldlisttheactionthatyourecommendshouldbetakenbasedontheseconclusions.6.1 CONCLUSIONItishopedthisguidewillbenefitstudentsinatleastt

15、woways.Firstly,togiveastepbystepmethodtoreportwriting.Secondly,itistobeusedasanexampleofreportwriting.Theprocessofreportwritingisobviouslyalongandcomplexone.Eachstepshouldbecompletedbeforemovingontothenextone.DoNOTputoffstartingtoresearchandwritejustbecauseitisdifficult.Makesuretheinformationinthere

16、portisrelevanttothetopicanddiscussestheissuesmentionedintheintroduction.6.2 RECOMMENDATIONS+Takeonestepatatime+Donotwastetime+Usealltheresourcesavailable+Talktoyourteacherifindoubt+Startnow7. BIBLIOGRAPHYThebibliographyisanalphabeticallistofreferencesusedinpreparationofthereportStudentsshouldreferto

17、theirtextbookforguidelinesonhowtocorrectlyreferenceinformationsources.Jordan,R.R(1990)AcademicWritingCourse,CollinsELT,London.Mangubhai,FrancisandPritchard,R(1996)EnglishonCue,USQ,Toowoomba..au/ecologicalfootprint/globalfootprint/index.aspAPPENDIXTheappendicessectionisformateria

18、lthatisrelevantandisreferredtointhereport,butistoolongorisnotnecessarytobeincludedinthebodyofthereport.Examples:QuestionnaireAppendicestobelabelled:AppendixA,AppendixBetc.WRITINGABIBLIOGRAPHYTakecarefulnoteoftheorderinwhichtheinformationappearsbelow-alphabetically!Theformatisdifferentforbooks,magazi

19、nesandinternet.Mostentriesbeginwithanauthorbutifnotthenthetitle,etc.isshown.1.0BOOKSAuthor'sfamilyname,initiabrfirstname,(dateofpublication),titleinitalics,nameofpublisher,placewherepublished.Barron,ML(2010)BusinessFinance,McGraw-Hill,Sydney.Kitchen,PD(Ed.)(1997)BusinessLaw:Fundamentals,Thompson,London.Brown,MandWhite,P(2000)WritingAssignments,ThomasNelson,Melbourne.2.0J