1、定語從句講解（關系代詞的用Unit 1school lifeGrammar(1)定語從句(Attributive Clause)I根據初中所學知識，請用紅筆標出下列表格 中的定語前置定語后置定語my booka holiday of seve n daysaseve n-dayholidaysometh ing importa nta good holidaya country develop ing fasta toy factorya book written by Lu Xunadevelop ingcountrya book to be publishedadevelopedcount

2、rya book which was written byJ.K. Rowli ngn定語從句的定義及其作用：定語從句是又稱形容詞性從句,在句子中起定語作用,修飾一個名詞或代詞，有時也可修飾 一個句子.受定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞.定語從句的作用和作定語的形容詞、介詞詞組、分詞詞組相似，有時可以相互轉換，例 女口：金發女孩可譯作a blonde girl，a girl with blonde hair或a girl who has blonde hair。定語從句通常由關系代詞that/ which/ who/ whom/ which/ as或關系畐U詞when/ where/ why引導，這些

3、詞既指代主句中要說2 / 103 / 10明的名詞或代詞,又充當從句中的某個句 子成分。定語從句可分為：限制性定語從句 和非限制性定語從句。定語從句一般都緊跟在它所修飾名詞后面，所 以如果在名詞或代詞后面出現一個從句， 根 據它與前面名詞或代詞的邏輯關系來判斷 是否是定語從句。川Th定語從句的k必Which waswritten by J.K.relative pron.（thalativ指人或物adVeWh）ich指物/3 關系詞在從句中充當成分en / where / why）找出下列句中的定語從句；分析定語從句三要 素1. You are the right man whom we ar

4、e looking for.2. I ve spent all the money that was given by my parents.3. I will never forget the daywhen I joined the party.4. This is the factory where the machines are made.IV關系代詞的用法:關系例句1 先行詞 （名詞或代詞）2 關系詞14 / 10代詞that在從 句中1指）A plane is a machine that can fly.（作主語）物）The noodles（that）I cooked were

5、delicious.（作賓語）作主 語或 賓語指）Who is the man that is reading thebook over there?（作主語）人）The girl（that） we saw yesterday was Jimssist（作賓語）which在從 句中 作主語或 賓語1指）They planted the trees whichdidnt need much wat（作主語）物）The fish（which）we bought wer notfresh.（作賓語）ewho,whom在從 句中 分別作主 語或 賓語扌人爭）The foreigner who visi

6、ted our classyesterdayis from Canada.（主語）2）The boy who broke the window iscalled Tom.（作主語）3）The pers on to whom you justtalked is Mr. Li.（作賓語）4）Mrs. Read is the person to whomyou should write.（作賓語）whose（所 有格）指人what is the n ame of the boy whosefather is a railway worker?Please show me the book whose

7、5 / 10在定 語從 句中作定物另cover is black.1 LAIL語V課堂練習1找出下列各句中的定語從句，并分析其先行詞：1 The fan that you want is on the desk.2 The woma n you saw in the park is our geography teacher.3 Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop.4 That s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now.5 This is the boy whose

8、 sister is a famous sin ger.2把下列每對句子合并成含有定語從句的主從 復合句1. The man is in the n ext room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.2. The magaz ine is mine. He has take n it away.3. The students will not pass the exam. They don t study hard.4. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.5. The p

9、lay was won derful. We saw it last ni ght.6. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.Grammar (2)修飾物體時關系代詞that和which的區分使用that的情況：1當先行詞是nothing, something, anything, all, each,6 / 10little, few, none, the one等詞時。e.g. Do you have any thi ng that is importa nt to tellme?2.當先行詞被all, any, some, no, no

10、t, every, each等修飾時。e.g. I have some books that are very good.3當先行詞被形容詞最高級、序數詞所修飾時。e.g. This is the first book that I bought myself.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.4.主句是以which或who開頭的特殊疑問句時e.g. Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the woman that was praised at themeeti ng.5.當先行詞在從句和主句中都作

11、表語時，無論先行詞是人還是物.e.g. China is no Ion ger the country that shewas.6如有兩個定語從句，其中一個已用which引導,另一個宜用that .e.g. Edis on built up a factory which producedthings that had never been seen before.7在there be句型中,只用that.e.g. He asked for the latest book (that) there is onthe subject.8.當先行詞被the very, the last, the

12、next, the only等詞修飾時。e.g. This is the very book that I lost yesterday.9.當先行詞又有人又有物時。e.g. I wont forget the things and the persons thatI saw.只能使用which的情況。1、非限制性定語從句中。e.g. She lost the game, which depressed her really.2、在介詞之后。e.g. This is a house in which lives an old man. Shehas collected 600 stamps,

13、60% of which are German stamps.7 / 108 / 103、當主句中的主語被that修飾時。e.g. That dog which I found in the street bel ongs toMary.Fill in the bla nks with suitable relative pronouns.1. This is the on ly book_ I got last year.2. Is this the book in_you are in terested?3. This is the largest animal_ Tom saw in t

14、he zoo.4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers_ exist （存在）in themother school.5. All the desks_are bought look really won derful.6. Do you have any money_ is used to build the factory?7. Tom has a toy,_ was give n by his father.8. This is the sec ond watch_my father bought for me.n修飾人時關系代詞tha

15、t和who, whom的區 分。1當主句中的主語是who時，只能用that。e.g. Who is the girl that is standing over there?2.在非限制性定語從句中以及介詞后面時只 能用who或者whom。e.g. I have a son, who is really lovely and in teresting.There are 40 stude nts in the class, most ofwhom are boys.3.關系代詞whose既能修飾人，也能修飾物，在定語從句中充當定語，修飾先行詞。e.g. She is the girl whos

16、e English sounds verybeautiful.Mary has a very good dog, whose hair turns outwhite and black.9 / 10Correct mistakes for the followi ng senten ces.1. Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two.2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.3. Who are the young girl

17、s who are hav ing dinner in the restaura nt?4. She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths.5. Tom is the only one of the boys who like playing football.6. Who is the girl that you talked to her just now?7. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.8. There is an old woman, that

18、is holding a stick.高考真題1:I saw a women running towards me in the dark.Before I could recog nize who she was, she had runback in the directi on _she had come.A. of which B. by whichC. i n whichD.from which簡析：考查介詞+關系代詞which引導的定 語從句。先行詞為事物時， 關系代詞既可用which， 也可用that，但介詞后的關系代詞 去卩只能用which。由于詞組為come from， 故此句應選from w