1、高二英語第五單元語法：名詞性從句人教版知識精講【本講教育信息】一. 教學內容：第五單元語法：名詞性從句1. 名詞性從句2. 同位語從句3. 同位語從句與定語從句的辨析4. what; whatever; whoever; where引導的名詞性從句5. it 作為形式主語的句型二. 知識總結與歸納：一名詞性從句的結構：名詞性從句起名詞作用在句中做主語，表語，賓語和同位語構成：主語從句；表語從句；賓語從句和同位語從句。引導名詞性從句的連詞有三類：that；whether; wh-疑問詞。例句：1.the result of this french influence was that the e

2、nglish language ended up with many french words such as table, animal and age.2. they realize that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.3. i want to tell the reader that these hills and fields are most beautiful, with many small and clear rivers, and rich fields be

3、aring fruit and grain.4. some people feel that wales is an ancient fairy land.5. what interested him was that the whole world had been mapped 70 years before columbus.6. what is certain that the book has made many people think about the achievements of zheng he and other chinese captains and their r

4、ole in discovering the world.7. that most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in britain.8. this gave him the idea that the chinese perhaps first discovered america.二同位語從句在名詞idea; fact; news; thought; suggestion/advice; problem; proof等詞后面帶上that+陳述句 這局部從句解釋

5、了前面的那些名詞所指的內容，與那些名詞起著同等作用的句子成分，叫同位語從句。1. the fact that great britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.2. the idea that england stands for fish& chips, speakers corner, big ben and the tower of london is past.3. the result that oxford beat cambridge by a foot in surprised ma

6、ny.4. the news that he died was a great shock to his mother.5. if theres possibility that youll go, id like to go with you.6. i asked myself a question whether the research is worth the trouble.7. i have no idea what has happened to him.三同位語從句與定語從句的辨析：that引導的同位語從句解釋前面名詞的內容，that是連詞沒有任何意義，在從句中不做任何成分。而

7、定語從句修飾前面的先行詞，從句有關系詞that; which; who; when; where; why引導，先行詞在從句中充當主語，賓語，狀語。1. the news that the plane would take off on time made everyone happy.2. the news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.四what; whatever; whoever; where引導的名詞性從句：what+陳述句：的話/事/的樣子；whatever+陳述句：的任何東

8、西；whoever+陳述句：做事的任何人；以上名詞性從句做主語，表語或賓語；where+陳述句：的所在，做表語。1. what life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.2. the schools of the future will probably be quite different from what they are today.3. if we learn to accept change and appreciate what is new and different, we will be well-pre

9、pared for whatever the future may have in store.4. whoever comes will be welcome.5. that is just where they are mistaken.五與“命令，建議，要求, 有必要/重要有關的名詞性從句中的謂語動詞結構：1主動結構：should do; 2被動結構：should be done;should可以省略1. i suggest that he should come another day.2. the suggestion that the students should learn s

10、omething practical is worth considering.3. i though it necessary that i should stay in the room till he came back.六it 作為形式主語的句型：it is +形容詞/名詞/名詞短語+that 從句。it is said / reported / predicted that從句。it is suggested / believed / thought / hoped / found / that從句。1. its a pity that you are leaving.2. its

11、decided that the meeting has been put off till next monday.3. it was once predicted that british and american english would become separate languages finally.【典型例題】1. the doctor did a lot to reduce the patients fear _he would die of the disease.a. that b. which c. of which d. of that答案：a分析：he would

12、die of the disease作fear的同位語。2. the idea _ we should have more industry in this area is a good one. a. that b. which c. what d. how答案：a 分析：該題考查的是idea后面的同位語從句的引導詞的選擇。3. the suggestion _we have a group of these records printed as soon as possible was accepted by the committee.a. which b. in which c. th

13、at d. whether答案：c分析：該題考查的是suggestion的同位語從句的引導詞的選擇。4. he told me the news _ the queen would visit china the next month.a. that b. which c. it d. whether答案：a 分析：the queen would visit china the next month是一個完整的句子，是the news的解釋，故用that引導同位語從句。5. the fact troubles me much _ i have been unable to pass the d

14、riving test up to now.a. which b. because c. why d. that答案：d 分析：that引導同位語從句，解釋the fact。6. the mother didnt know to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.nmf, t a. who b. when c. how d. what答案：a 分析：know后為賓語從句的省略形式，由題意可知，指人。7. i think its going to be a big problem.  yes, it

15、could be.i wonder we can do about it.nmet a. if b. how c. what d. that答案：c 分析：we can do后無賓語，故用what引導賓語從句。8. when you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: always give the monkey exactly he wants.春a. what b. which c. when d. that答案：a 分析：give后接雙賓語；what引導賓語從句且作wants的賓語。9

16、. jack said to meet the american friends.a. he is pleased b. what he was pleasedc. that he was pleased d. which he pleased答案：c 分析：賓語從句中應用過去時，同said時態保持一致。he was pleased意義和結構完整。10. she couldnt understand was fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.a. what; why b. that; what c. what; be

17、cause d. why; that答案：a 分析：主語從句中缺少賓語，用what；表語從句的句意問原因，用why?！灸M試題】答題時間：60分鐘一. 單項選擇1. he often writes to us expressing his thought _ one day hell come to join us.a. which b. that c. what d. whether2. he made a suggestion _ the english test be put off until next wednesday. a. which b. what c. that d. wh

18、ether3. the news _ the football team won the game made us happy.a. that b. which c. in which d. what4. the mere fact _ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.a. what b. which c. that d. why5. do you really believe there is human race in outer space?so f

19、ar there is no proof _ people from other planets do exist.a. which b. how c. what d. that6. i drove to zhuhai for the air show last week.  is that you has a few days off?a. why b. when c. what d. where7. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.a. who b. the one c. anyone d. whoev

20、er8. caused the accident is still a complete mystery.a. what b. that c. how d. where二. 完型填空：as christmas is coming, there are presents to be bought, cards to be sent, and rooms to be cleaned. parents are _1_ with difficult jobs of hiding presents from curious young children. if the gifts are large,

21、this is sometimes a real _2_. on christmas eve, young children find the excitement almost unbearable. they are torn between the wish to go to bed early so that father christmas will bring their presents quickly and the wish _3_ up late so that they will not _4_ the fun. the wish for the gifts usuall

22、y proves stronger. but though children go to bed early, they often lie _5_ for a long time, hoping to get a short _6_ at father christmas.last christmas, my wife and i _7_ hid a few large presents in the storeroom. i _8_ the moment when my son, jimmy, would _9_ me where that new bike had come from,

23、but _10_ he did not see it.on christmas eve, _11_ took the children hours to go to sleep. it must have been nearly _12_ when my wife and i went quietly into their room and began _13_ stockings. then i pushed in the _14_ i bought for jimmy and left it beside the christmas tree. we knew we would not g

24、et much sleep that night, for the children were _15_ to get up early. at about five oclock the next morning, we were _16_ by loud sounds coming from the childrens roomthey were shouting excitedly! _17_ i had time to go out of bed, young jimmy came riding in the room on his new bike, and his sister,

25、mary, followed close behind pushing her new baby-carriage. _18_ the baby arrived. he moved _19_ the hands and knees into the room dragging a large balloon behind him. suddenly it burst. that woke us up _20_. the day had really begun with a bang! 1. a. facedb. metc. filledd. pleased2. a. questionb. m

26、atterc. problemd. business3. a. getb. stayc. standd. wake4. a. loseb. breakc. missd. leave5. a. awakeb. wakec. asleepd. sleep6. a. lookb. starec. glared. watch7. a. hopefullyb. busilyc. gladlyd. successfully8. a. likedb. fearedc. surprisedd. hated9. a. answerb. tellc. askd. search10. a. sadlyb. unlu

27、ckilyc. possiblyd. fortunately11. a. itb. theyc. id. we12. a. morningb. midnightc. eveningd. daybreak13. a. fillingb. sewingc. mendingd. preparing14. a. presentb. stockingc. biked. tree15. a. going b. surec. gladd. excited16. a. troubledb. frightenedc. wokend. shocked17. a. beforeb. afterc. untild.

28、since18. a. evenb. andc. soond. then19. a. withb. onc. overd. by20. a. allb. nearlyc. happilyd. completely三. 閱讀理解coketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and ashes had allowed it; but in fact it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of

29、 savage野人. it was a town of machinery and tall chimney, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever. it had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill smelling color, and large piles of building full of windows where there was a rattling and a trembling all day long, and w

30、here the steam-engine worked up and down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness. the town contained several large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one another, inhabited居住by people equally like one another.a sunny midsummer day. there was such a t

31、hing sometimes even in coketown. seen from a distance in such a weather, coketown lay covered in a smoke of its own. you only knew the town was there, because you knew there could have been no such a place upon the view without a town.the streets were hot and dusty on the summer day, and the sun was

32、 so bright that it even shone through the smoke over coketown, and could not be looked at steadily. workers appeared from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on steps, wiping their face sand looking at coals. the whole town seemed to be frying in oil. there was a smell of hot oil ev

33、erywhere. the atmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell地獄, and their inhabitants wasting with heat, walked lazily in the desert. but no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more sane理智的. their tiresome heads went up and down at the sane rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet we

34、ather and dry. the measured movement of their shadows of wood; while for the summer noise of insects, it could offer all the year round, from the dawn of monday to the night of saturday.1. which of the following words is not properly used to describe coketown ?a. unpleasantb. dirtyc. noisyd. deserte

35、d2. from the passage we know that coketown was mainly an_town.a. industrialb. agriculturalc. historicald. cultural3. only _ were not affected by weather.a. the workmenb. the habitantsc. the steam-engined. the woods4. which is the authors opinion of coketown?a. coketown should be replaced by woodsb.

36、the town had too much oil in itc. the town was seriously pollutedd. the towns atmosphere was unchanged【試題答案】一. 單項選擇1. b that引導同位語從句作thought的同位語。2. c that引導同位語從句作suggestion的同位語。3. a that引導同位語從句作news的同位語。4. c that引導同位語從句，解釋the fact。 5. d that引導同位語從句，解釋no proof。6. a why引導的表語從句，表原因。7. d whoever引導主語從句，意為“無論誰表示強調某人；who引導主語從句，意為“誰不強調人。the one和anyone不能引導主語從句。 8. a 主語從句中缺少主語，用what。二. 完型填空：1. a，be faced with: 面臨藏禮物的難題。2. c，problem: 指難以處理的事。3. b，4