1、精品文檔地鐵項目的數據通信系統總體設計，研發，測試，實施DCS、 SDH、無線通信、地鐵無線覆蓋、鐵路通信信號應用化開發Wireless networking in tunnelling projectsTunnelling and Underground Space Technology隧道和地下工程空間科技學學報Emerging collaborativetechnologies and working methods oftenrequiretremendousengineeringandorganisational efforts for successful implementati

2、on of information and communicationtechnologies (ICTs). According to a research conducted in Turkish construction industry, mostof the problems that occur during the construction phase are due to lack of co-operation andcommunicationbetween designersand contractorsand lack of prompt expert decisions

3、during on-siteengineering. Similar to any major construction project, tunnelling projects success is highlydependent on collaborative team work where communication and information exchange take placebetween project members. Distributed collaborative teamwork, as the case in most of the largescale co

4、nstruction projects as well as tunnelling projects, empowered by state of the artinformation and communication technology, promises more efficient work processes, reducedtravelling needs, and increased opportunities for project communication. Following the fastdevelopment of mobile computing in rece

5、nt years, many sectors have adopted mobile devices andwireless technologies enabling real-time information transfer thereby improving businessprocesses. For some years, the feasibility of implementing wireless solutions to constructionsites has been researched. Potentially, mobile and wireless techn

6、ologies enable constructionstaff to be more flexible in terms of location and time. For better use of mobile collaborationin constructionprojects,mobiletechnologiesand constructionsectorhave to be examined insomedetail to implant the most suitable technology for real-time information access and impr

7、ovedcollaboration of distributed teams in construction. However, case studies in construction arevery limited in number and scope. This paper discusses and proposes an implementation scenarioof wireless networking in Marmaray; a multi-site tunnelling project in Istanbul. Benefits,possible problems a

8、nd cost assessments are discussed.Article Outline。1歡迎下載精品文檔1. Introduction2. Tunnelling projects and the relevance of efficient communication3. Wireless local area networks (WLANs)3.1. WLAN design3.2. WLAN security4. Implementation ScenarioMarmaray project4.1. Project details4.2. Proposed mobile col

9、laboration in marmaray project & WLAN design5. Conclusion6. Further researchMonitoringofrail corrugationgrowthdue toirregularwear on a railwaymetrocurveWearShort-pitchrailcorrugationdeveloping on thelow railin sharpcurves isa problem experiencedby many railwaynetworksworldwide.Because ofthelarge

10、existenceof smallradiuscurves,metrolines are particularly affected. This case study is performed as part of a project which aimsat developinga numericaltoolfor predictionofrailcorrugationgrowth on curves. The developmentof corrugation on a 120m radius curve of the Stockholm metro has been monitored

11、by repeatedmeasurements of rail roughness and train pass-by noise. Within a grinding interval of 1 year,。2歡迎下載精品文檔severe short-pitchcorrugationwas build up withmaximumpeak-to-peakmagnitudes of about0.15 mm.Spectralanalysisof measurement data shows largeroughnessmagnitudesinthewavelengthinterval414 c

12、m, with peaks atapproximately5 cm and 8 cm. The corrugation patternhas a pure longitudinaldirection(withcorrugationridgestransversetothe trackdirection)and an irregularlyvaryingmagnitude along the 100m long measured track section. The roughness growth rate increased withtime until 300 days after rai

13、l grinding, thereafter only moderate additional roughness growthwas observed. Because of moderate train speeds of about 30km/h, the rolling noise caused by thecorrugation has a low-frequency content (<200Hz). A 10.1dB unit increase (139300 days aftergrinding) in roughness level in the wavelength

14、interval 414 cm was found to correspond to anincrease in rolling noise level in the frequency interval 60200 Hz of 4.9dB. In dry weatherconditions, discomfort related to pass-by noise is rather linked to the occurrence of wheelsquealing than to rolling noise.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Test sit

15、e2.1.Traffic conditions and properties of the traintrack system2.2.Measurement setup3. Measurement equipment4. Results4.1. Gradual development of corrugation4.2. Corrugation characteristics4.3. Train pass-by noise5. Concluding remarks AcknowledgementsIntegrated railways-based policies: The Regional

16、Metro System (RMS) project of Naples and CampaniaTransport Policy。3歡迎下載精品文檔The Campania Regional Metro System (RMS) project is an example of integrated land-use,infrastructure and operational planning. The whole project is based on the idea of integratingthe existing railway linesinto a single physi

17、cal network by buildingsome new links, new stationsand new modal interchangefacilities.The RMSproject integrates alsooperational components suchas service lines, timetables and integrated pricing. In addition to the transit“supply-side ”elements, the project includes relevant“demand-side ”aspects, i

18、ncluding town planning based onthe rail network, urban renewal around rail stations and upgraded and new stations with higharchitectural standards and a new symbolic value. This paper describes the general structure ofthe project. It also discusses some preliminary results on land-use and modal shif

19、t after theimplementation of the first stage of the project, which included 43km of new railways lines,30 new stations, an integrated timetable and a single integrated ticket.Article Outline1. Introduction2. The Campania Regional Metro System project2.1.Objectives, planning process and design strate

20、gies2.2.Main infrastructural components of the RMS project2.3.Operational components2.4.Design methodology and impacts evaluation3. RMS and land-use interactions3.1.Changes in activity location and land values close to the RMS stations3.2.Architectural quality of stations and renewal of the surround

21、ings3.3.Connecting existing poles3.4.Locating new developments in the surrounding of existing stations3.4.1. Metro System and urban joint development: the case of Bagnoli3.4.2. Metro System and High Speed interconnections:new developments around the Afragola station4. RMS: implementation and interme

22、diate results4.1. Implementation5. Results。4歡迎下載精品文檔6. ConclusionsA survey on wireless multimedia sensor networksComputer NetworksThe availability of low-cost hardware such as CMOS cameras and microphones has fostered thedevelopment of Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs), i.e., networks of w

23、irelesslyinterconnected devices that are able to ubiquitously retrieve multimedia content such as videoand audio streams,still images, andscalar sensor datafrom theenvironment. In thispaper,thestate of the art in algorithms, protocols, and hardware for wireless multimedia sensor networksis surveyed,

24、and open researchissuesare discussedin detail.ArchitecturesforWMSNsare explored,along withtheiradvantages and drawbacks.Currentlyoff-the-shelfhardware as wellas availableresearch prototypes for WMSNs are listed and classified. Existing solutions and open researchissues at the application, transport,

25、 network, link, and physical layers of the communicationprotocol stack are investigated, along with possible cross-layer synergies and optimizations.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Factors influencing the design of multimedia sensor networks3. Network architecture3.1. Reference architecture3.2. Sin

26、gle-tier vs. multi-tier sensor deployment3.3. Coverage4. Multimedia sensor hardware4.1. Enabling hardware platforms4.1.1. Low-resolution imaging motes4.1.2. Medium-resolution imaging motes based on the Stargate platform4.2. Energy harvesting4.3. Examples of deployed multimedia sensor networks。5歡迎下載精

27、品文檔5. Collaborative in-network processing5.1. Data alignment and image registration5.2. WMSNs as distributed computer vision systems6. Application layer6.1. Traffic classes6.2. Multimedia encoding techniques6.2.1. Pixel-domain WynerZiv encoder6.2.2. Transform-domain WynerZiv encoder6.3.System softwa

28、re and middleware6.4.Open research issues7. Transport layer7.1.TCP/UDP and TCP friendly schemes for WMSNs7.2.Application specific and non-standard protocols7.2.1. Reliability7.2.2. Congestion control7.2.3. Use of multi-path7.3.Open research issues8. Network layer8.1.Addressing and localization8.2.Ro

29、uting8.3. Open research issues9. MAC layer9.1. Channel access policies。6歡迎下載精品文檔9.2. Scheduling9.3. Link-layer error control9.4. Multimedia packet size10. Physical layer10.1. Ultra wide band communications10.2. Other physical layer technologies11. Cross-layer design12. Other research issues12.1. Con

30、vergence of sensing and actuation12.2. Network synchronization12.3. Inter-media synchronization12.4. Localization12.5. Network security12.6. Network management13. Conclusions Acknowledgements ReferencesAn end-to-end prototyping framework for compliant wireless LAN transceivers with smart antennasCom

31、puter CommunicationsOFDMWirelessLANs based on the IEEE802.11 standardare complex systems in themselves.When smartantennas are used in such systems, both the MAC and the PHY layers must be redefined in order。7歡迎下載精品文檔to achieve application-specific goals. As a result, the development of such systems

32、can becomeimpressively heavy. A complete development framework is presented here. It makes use ofhardware/softwareco-designin order to implement allrequiredlayersto developa wirelessaccesspoint. The entire framework is targeted at an FPGA platform, providing full flexibility andprocessing power for

33、the development of PHY layers.Article Outline1. Introduction1.1. System overview1.2. Platforms2. Software architecture2.1. Operating system2.1.1. NetBSD kernel2.1.2. IEEE80211 kernel layer2.2. Transmission mechanisms2.2.1. Interaction with kernel network layers2.2.2. Interaction with hardware2.3. Re

34、ception mechanisms2.3.1. Interaction with kernel network layers2.4. CSMA/CA3. Physical (PHY) layer4. Hardware architecture4.1. Transmission chain4.1.1. System overview。8歡迎下載精品文檔4.2. Reception chain4.3. Digital front-end5. Conclusion and future work AcknowledgementsMobility management across hybrid w

35、ireless networks: Trends and challenges 分布式獨立無線網絡的移動化管理：趨勢與挑戰Future generation wireless networks are envisioned to be a combination of diverse butcomplementary access technologies. Internetworking these types of networks will provide mobileusers withubiquitousconnectivityacrossa wide range ofnetwork

36、ingenvironments.The integrationof existing and emerging heterogeneous wireless networks requires the design of intelligenthandoff and location management schemes to enable mobile users to switch network access andexperienceuninterruptedservicecontinuityanywhere,anytime.Real deploymentof suchmobility

37、strategies remains a significant challenge. In this article, we focus on handoff management. Wediscuss in detail handoff decision and implementation procedures and present recent handofftechniquesthataim atprovidingmobilityover a wide range of access technologies.Wealsodiscusssome of the capabilitie

38、s of mobile terminals that are necessary to implement seamless mobilityover hybrid wireless networks. Furthermore, we also present and discuss limitations of recenthandoff design architectures and protocols as well as outstanding challenges that still need tobe addressed toachieveportableand scalabl

39、ehandoff solutionsforcontinuous connectivityacrosswireless access networks.Article Outline。9歡迎下載精品文檔1. Introduction2. Wireless overlay networks3. Handoffs in wireless overlay networks3.1. Horizontal vs. vertical handoff3.2. Upward-vertical handoff vs. downward vertical handoff3.3. Anticipated vs. un

40、anticipated handoff3.4. Hard vs. soft handoff3.5. Mobile-controlled handoff vs. network-controlled handoff vs. mobile-assisted handoff4. Vertical handoff process4.1. Network discovery4.2. Handoff decision: traditional vs. next generation handoff strategies4.3. Handoff metrics in heterogeneous networ

41、ks4.4. Handoff implementation5. Terminal requirements for future heterogeneous wireless networks5.1. Multimode wireless terminals5.1.1. Requirements for multimode terminal operation5.1.2. Deployment issues for multimode terminals5.1.2.1. Network detection5.1.2.2. Network information5.2. Software-def

42、ined radios。10歡迎下載精品文檔6. Recent vertical handoff management techniques proposed for heterogeneous wireless networks6.1. Mobile IP6.2. Mobile IPv66.3. Network layer handoff approaches6.3.1. HOPOVER6.3.1.1. Handoff Preparation6.3.1.2. Handoff6.3.1.3. Updating mobile IP information6.3.1.4. Limitations

43、of HOPOVER6.3.2. Hierarchical approach6.3.2.1. Limitations of the hierarchical approach6.3.3. OmniCon6.3.3.1. Limitations of the Omnicon Approach6.4. Transport layer handoff approaches6.4.1. SCTP-based vertical handoff6.4.1.1. Limitations of SCTP-based handoff scheme6.5. Application layer handoff ap

44、proach6.5.1. Limitations of SIP6.6. Energy-efficient Handoff Approaches6.6.1. Adaptive vertical handoff6.6.2. WISE6.7. TCP-based handoff strategies7. Research challenges for mobility management in future heterogeneous wireless networks7.1. Multimodality。11歡迎下載精品文檔7.2. Efficient and seamless roaming7

45、.3. Quality of service (QoS)7.4. Billing and pricing7.5. Transfer of contextual information7.6. Inter-service provider compliance8. Conclusion AcknowledgementsDevelopmentofverification andconformance testingtools fora railwaysignalingcommunication protocolComputer Standards & Interfaces計算機標準和接口技

46、術學報Verification and conformance testing for protocol specification, the key part of the protocoldevelopmentprocess, arecomplementarytechnologiesemployed to increaseconfidencethata systemwill function as stated in its specifications. In this paper, we verify the safety and livenessof the protocolspec

47、ifiedfortheLabeled TransitionSystem (LTS) by usinga model-checkingmethodand implementing the testing tool, which experimentally demonstrates the presence of deadlockand reachabilityfrom theinitialstate toa random state. Implementing the testingtool can usemodal mu-calculus to assess whether protocol

48、 model properties, presented by modal logic, meetprotocol specifications. In addition, we propose a conformance testing tool to check correctimplementation of sequences that have been derived by the UIO method from the specification ofthe protocolbeingverified.Thisgeneratingtooluses theC+ languagein

49、 the MicrosoftWindowsNT environment.Article Outline。12歡迎下載精品文檔1. Introduction2. Network-based protocol for railway signaling systems2.1. Configuration of the interface link2.2. LTS modeling of protocol2.3. I/O FSM modeling and action analysis3. Protocol verification by model checking3.1. Verificatio

50、n algorithm and application3.2. Algorithm implementation3.3. Operation verification for implementation tools4. Conformance testing4.1. Definition4.2. Test sequence generation and its application using UIO4.3. Algorithm implementation4.4. Operation checking for implementation tools5. ConclusionConnectivity maintenance and coverage preservation in wireless sensor networksIn wireless sensor networks, one of the main design challenges is to save severely constrainedenergy resourcesand ob