1、初中英語解題技巧一、聽力1 .瀏覽題目2 .勾劃題重點(diǎn)，關(guān)鍵詞特別是一般疑問句的答語（是am,is,are,do,does,did,have,has,情態(tài)動詞等，一般疑問句用什么 提問就用什么回答。）還有記?。篊ould you please do sth.?表示委婉請求，回答要用：Yes,of course./ Yes,withpleasure./ Yes,no problem/ Yes,I'm glad to. yes,certainly./ sure. / Ok / No,I can't. / Sorry,but.表示征求對方意見：what/how about. ?Why

2、 not do sth.?/why don 't you do sth?Lets do sth!Shall we do sth?We should do sth.Youd better （not）do sth.It's a good idea to do sth.答語： OK./ Good idea./ All right!/ That sounds good./ sorry, I m afraid not./ Of course not./I' d love to, but +常用特殊疑問句及回答（見下表）3 .做好筆記，學(xué)會記下關(guān)鍵詞，比如時(shí)間，數(shù)字，年份等，因?yàn)楹?/p>

3、多時(shí)候關(guān)于數(shù)字需要進(jìn)行 計(jì)算，而不是簡單的答案4 .聽短文時(shí)，特別注意題目的關(guān)鍵詞，以及選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵詞，帶著問題有目的地聽短文，沒聽到的及時(shí)看下一題，等下一遍的時(shí)候再做之前沒做的。常用的特殊疑問句詢問內(nèi)容疑問詞或句型例句回答職業(yè)，身份whatWhat is your father? What does your father do?He is a doctor.生石女系whoWho is that boy?He is Jack.He is my brother，目貌特征what like?What is she like?What does she look like?She is beauti

4、ful.目的what for?What did they come here for?To attend a meeting.“因whyWhy did they come here?Because they have a meeting to attend.卜氣howwhat like?How is the weather today?What is the weather like today?It ' s fine.須色what colorWhat dolor is her skirt?It ' s red.報(bào)裝尺寸what sizeWhat size does he we

5、ar?He wars 40.幾點(diǎn)鐘what timeWhat time is it?It ' s 7:30.星期幾what dayWhat day is today?It ' s Tuesday.幾號，日期what is the date?What is the date today?It ' s May 2.年齡（多大）how oldHow old is he?He is 38.多久how longHow long have you been here?For five months.長度（多長）How longHow long is the bridge?It &#

6、39; s 500 metres.更離（多遠(yuǎn)）how farHow far is it from here to the zoo?It ' s 6 kilometres.頻度（多經(jīng)常）how oftenHow often do you come back?Once a week.時(shí)間經(jīng)過（多快）how soonHow soon will she arrive?In an week.» （多少）how many （可名） how much （不可How many jackets do you have?How much coffee do you want?Three.Two

7、cups.介格how muchHow much is it?How much does it cost?Five dollars.高度（多高）how tall （人，樹） how high （山,建鬲How tall is she?How high is the tower?She' s 1.73 metres.It ' s 450 metres.二、單選1.解題技巧1）閱讀審題首先默讀試題中的英語句子，了解空格在句中所處的位置，句子缺少什么成分，初步確 定答案的選擇范圍，然后再結(jié)合備選選項(xiàng)就會大致明白考查什么。2）觀察分析這是一個(gè)快速而又嚴(yán)密的思維過程。要求將題中所提供的條件

8、和備選項(xiàng)的情況結(jié)合起來去分析、推理，排除那些明顯不符合題意，甚至本身就有錯(cuò)的備選項(xiàng)，再在剩下的備選項(xiàng)中比較分析。3）選擇判斷在分析句子和備選項(xiàng)的基礎(chǔ)上，經(jīng)過反復(fù)驗(yàn)證，選出一個(gè)使句子語法正確、句意通順、符合邏輯的答案。4）復(fù)查驗(yàn)證將所選答案放在句中空格處再默讀全句。首先看是否通順，再在語法、意思和邏輯關(guān)系上推敲一下，完全符合條件則可放心。2.方法清單1）直接判定法直接判定法就是運(yùn)用所學(xué)的英語知識，結(jié)合題目所提供的信息，從備選項(xiàng)中直接選出正確答案。There is wrong with my back and it hurts seriously.A. anythingB. something C

9、. nothing2）排除法如果通讀完題干，弄清題意后，感到四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)似是而非，舉棋不定，這時(shí)不妨采取“逐 個(gè)排除”的方法。將所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)一一放到空白處去，經(jīng)過分析，將所有的干擾項(xiàng)篩選掉， 剩下的一個(gè)選項(xiàng)即為正確答案。He does his homework much than he did two years ago.A. careful B. more careful C. carefully D. more carefully3）前后照應(yīng)法前后照應(yīng)法實(shí)際上是借助語境來解題的一種方法。此法要求答題前首先要弄清題干的意思，然后根據(jù)上下文之間的關(guān)系，捕捉暗示的信息，從而得出正確的答案。We h

10、ave to finish the work now,?A. don't we B. haven't weC. have we D. do we4）邏輯推理法有些題目的選項(xiàng)，從語法上看答案可能不止一個(gè)，甚至全部都可入選，但是有的句意不符合邏輯，通過邏輯推理才能將其排除。can you play the guitar?sorry.I can sing English songs.A. And B. But C. Or D. For5）比較法運(yùn)用所學(xué)的語法和詞匯知識，仔細(xì)分析比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，對其進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，語氣，非謂語 形式及同義詞比較，最后選出正確答案。此法多用于解答那些較難的

11、選擇填空題。Have you ever climbed Mout Tai,Carol?Yes, I in Taian for a week last year and reached the top of it twice.A. had stayed B. stay C. stayed D. have stayed6）固定結(jié)構(gòu)判斷法考查固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法you aren't a student, are you?-No, I.A. am B. am not C. was D. wasn't7）推算法有的選擇填空題涉及簡單的數(shù)學(xué)知識，所給的四個(gè)答案從語法上看都是對的，要選出這種題

12、的正確答案需要進(jìn)行推算。Tom is seventeen. Jack is three older than Tom and two years younger than Todd. Todd is.A. eighteen B. nineteen C. twenty-two D. sixteen8）常識法It was very when I spent my Christmas holiday in Sydney.A. cold B. hot C. cool D. warm9）關(guān)鍵詞法He hardly hurt himself in the accident,?A. doesn;t he B

13、. didn't he C. did he D. does he10）情景交際法-Do you mind if I turn on the TV?-. My father is sleeping.A. Better not. B. Not at all. C. No, I don't mind. D. Thats all right.三、完形填空完形填空解題步驟1 .快速通讀全文，掌握短文大意。快速掌握文中的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物及事件。認(rèn)真閱讀短文開頭的 第一、二句, 及每段的第一句，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)初步弄清短文寫了些什么內(nèi)容。準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測和推斷短 文的主要意義。2 .抓住結(jié)構(gòu)、語意及邏輯三

14、條線索，推斷和預(yù)測選項(xiàng)。利用上下文的提示，用學(xué)過的知識和已有的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)，掃清部分詞匯理解上 的障礙。在理解全文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容對空缺句子作合乎邏輯的推理。必須弄清空缺詞句的確切含義，空缺詞句與其前后句的意義銜接必須自然、合理， 不可出現(xiàn)意義斷層或說東道西的情況，必須從空缺句的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)入手，從語法、 詞語固定搭配、詞形變化等角度考慮，務(wù)必使所填的單詞準(zhǔn)確無誤。根據(jù)詞的意義和用法進(jìn)行選擇，重復(fù)考慮語境。上下文找線索，上下文找提 示。完形填空的文章都是一個(gè)意義相關(guān)聯(lián)的語篇，它圍繞一個(gè)話題論述，在行文 中詞語重復(fù)、替代等現(xiàn)象是不可避免的。根據(jù)這個(gè)原則，某個(gè)空格所對應(yīng)的答案 很可能就在上下文中

15、重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)詞。所以，可以根據(jù)這些詞之間的有機(jī)聯(lián)系確定答案。3 .要特別注意語法，如單詞的各種形式的變化，種類句型的結(jié)構(gòu)等。單詞的變化：a。名詞的選擇，應(yīng)聯(lián)系文章主題及空格前后出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)詞，注意其性和數(shù)的一致，以及名詞所有格。bo動詞的選用，要注意詞義和慣用搭配，或時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)以及非謂語動詞形式等，還要區(qū)分近義詞之間的用法差異及所給詞的形式。co選擇介詞，應(yīng)注意其慣用法，特別是與動詞或其他詞組成的固定搭配。do選擇代詞，要注意性、數(shù)是否準(zhǔn)確。e。選擇連詞，要注意分析前后句或上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。也可從連詞的一些慣用法或固定搭配等入手， 如 notuntil、 as.as 、 not so.as 或

16、用 because 不用so,用but不用though等。f 0選擇形容詞和副詞，則須根據(jù)其所在句中的作用以及他前面的修飾語等來確定是什么詞性，是應(yīng)用比較級還是最高級，要注意詞義的區(qū)別，還要注意詞形變 化。G.若考查冠詞，則須依據(jù)短文空白后單詞的第一個(gè)音素來確定是用 a/an,根據(jù)空 格后名詞是表示特指還是?S指來確定用不定冠詞 a/an還是定冠詞the,或根據(jù)冠 詞的習(xí)慣用法來確定。要注意句法題，搞清句子的種類、類型、省略和倒裝a。句子的種類包括陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。一般以考查疑問句、感 嘆句的詞序?yàn)槎嘁?，其次是祈使句的零時(shí)態(tài)等。bo句子的類型有簡單句、并列句、復(fù)合句和并列復(fù)合句。

17、中考考查要點(diǎn)是在復(fù) 合句里的狀語從句、賓語從句和直接/間接引語，也考查簡單的定語從句。另外還要注意固定詞組、習(xí)慣用語、固定句型的積累、同義詞的辨析、生活常識 的運(yùn)用以及中西方文化的差異。在選擇答案時(shí)，可以用擇優(yōu)法和排除法和例舉對比法。a。擇優(yōu)法是把各選項(xiàng)代入短文中，選出在詞義上符合要求，且在語法上又沒有 語病的答案。bo排除法是在代入選項(xiàng)時(shí)如發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)單詞意義不對，或詞與詞搭配不妥，或存 在語法錯(cuò)誤，或與上下文有矛盾，則迅速排除不合適的選項(xiàng)，剩下的就是正確答 案。在完形填空的多項(xiàng)選擇中，常常會遇到難以選擇的題目。需要調(diào)動頭腦里的 知識“儲備”，例舉熟知的語言現(xiàn)象與之相比較，再做出明智的選擇。反復(fù)

18、推敲，攻克難關(guān)。如果做不出來的話，可能要改變一下思路。如實(shí)詞多 與文章的內(nèi)容直接相關(guān)，虛詞多與文章的連貫性或句子結(jié)構(gòu)直接相關(guān)，如果從內(nèi)容上實(shí)在看不出要填哪個(gè)單詞的話，應(yīng)考慮是否需要填介詞、連詞等。4 .選項(xiàng)填完后，通讀全文，仔細(xì)檢查。驗(yàn)證答案，修正錯(cuò)誤，著重注意這幾點(diǎn)：(1)文章是否順暢；(2)所填單詞是否是最佳單詞；(3)所填單詞搭配是否有誤。解題技巧【技巧11前后照應(yīng)利用上下文信息,選擇或填寫正確的詞是完型填空解題時(shí)最常用的方法之在做四選一的完型填空時(shí)，我們有時(shí)會發(fā)現(xiàn)每一個(gè)選項(xiàng)從語法角度來講都可 以說得通，遇到這種情況，我們應(yīng)細(xì)讀上下文，正確答案會在上下文中得到提示。試看以下例題：例 1

19、What do I rememberabout my childhood? There were good things and bad things. Weused to live , and my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.A. in a town B. on a farm C. on a busy street D. in a city【例 2】I always remember waking up to the smell of the breakfast my mothe

20、r was cooking. Whata wonderful smell! I used to,wash quickly and run downstairs. My breakfast would be waiting for me on the table.A. leave the bed B.lie in bed C. jump out of bed D. get up【技巧2】情感態(tài)度：較難題其中形容詞，副詞中分為三種情感：(1) 正情感：happy , amazing 等(2)零情感：fast , slow , surprising 等(3)負(fù)情感：sad , disappointe

21、d 等【例】 Among them, a weak boy with ugly teeth and thick glasses kept shaking. I had seen him around, and I knew he was always laughed at. He seemedunsure of himself, and was so pale that it us to look at him. A. Worried B. surprised C. taught D. hurt【技巧3】固定搭配例 1 On the train, Tom was looking _1_ for

22、 his ticket because the conductor was coming _2_ to his ticket.1 .A. out B. forward C. anywhere D. everywhere2 .A. down B. up C. in D. on例 2 Whenever I ' m, I still look back at that yearbook.A. away B. out C. behind D. down【技巧4】詞義辨析在選項(xiàng)中設(shè)置四個(gè)詞性一致、意義相近的詞是完型填空命題時(shí)常用的手段之在做此類題目時(shí)，必須要在特定的語境中選擇最佳，或者也可以推敲

23、一些固 定的詞組搭配來進(jìn)行選項(xiàng)。在做首字母完型填空時(shí)，尤其應(yīng)注意空格所缺單詞的詞性及詞組搭配?！纠?A Japanese manager once said he himself and his workers would all stand while they were having meetings. Do you what he means?A. think B. guess C. know D. understand【技巧5】中心主旨 文章中最后一句通常為積極的態(tài)度或觀點(diǎn)?！纠?1】I had wanted to become president of Student Counci

24、l to make a difference. I achieved that and more by working as a member of Jeff' steam. He became the most popular candidate and I was a large part of his . The fact that it has madea difference i n other people ' s lives is the real prize. What a great feeling!A. luck B. spirit C. life D. s

25、uccess【例 2】I honor my aunt, who taught me the things my couldn ' t. Soevery June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to myAunt Marion,I ' ve sent her a Father ' s Day card.A. teachers B. mother C. father D. friends【技巧6】簡單邏輯分為因果，并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，否定。例 1 For more than sixty years, Aunt Mari

26、on didn ' t and still don ' t think of herself.she is forced to come up to the front, my auntwill stand in the back in family photos, and she doesn' t think that herefforts have made much A. Unless B. Although C. Since D. Before【技巧7情景還原【例】 The most amazing thing was that she taught me to

27、 read my. I remember that I spent hours in front of the mirror and tried to repeat every word that I said.A. eye B. face C. heart D. mouth解題思路1 .跳過空格，通讀全文，把握大意2 .結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，綜合考慮，初定答案3 .瞻前顧后，先易后難，各個(gè)擊破4 .復(fù)讀全文，逐空驗(yàn)證，彌補(bǔ)疏漏四、閱讀理解一、閱讀理解考查題型1 .考查事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)：2 .猜測生詞含義：3 .推理判斷：4 .歸納主旨大意：5 .推測作者的態(tài)度、意圖和目的：(一)事實(shí)性細(xì)節(jié)題對時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、特征、

28、方式、數(shù)字等的尋找對原因、結(jié)果、事實(shí)的正確理解常用提問方式：1. According to the passage, who (what, why, where, when , how many/much, how long)-.?2. According to the passage, which of the following statements is (not) true?通常是特殊疑問句或判斷句子正誤1.He / she should have an interest in making pizza. More importantly, he/ she should have wo

29、rk experience in a restaurant.The ad tells us thatA. The assistant must be a man.B. The assistant must have once worked in a restaurant.C. Pucci pizza has branches all over China.事實(shí)理解題解題技巧：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題一般在：1文中有原句；2找相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行比對；3找近義詞或同義句；4進(jìn)行簡單數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算；在讀文章時(shí)把這些信息劃下來(二)猜測詞義詞匯題是詢問文章中出現(xiàn)的某個(gè)詞、詞組或句子含義的題型。常見的提問方式有：1) The w

30、ord .refers to2) The underlined .probably means1、根據(jù)定義、釋義常用的：be, be called, mean that is(to say), in other words, call, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, signify 等詞?匚或破折號或定語從 句等來表示。Well, I' ve relearned it. I hope I have time left to enjoy the successes of

31、others and to take pleasure in the day. That s the heart of the watermelon.“ the heart of the watermelon refers to_.A. the best part of the watermelon.B. the writer" s busy lifeC. the writer" s decision of making money.D. the writer" s hope of enjoying life.2、根據(jù)上下文情景和邏輯進(jìn)行判斷As they go

32、around town, they help people. When they find lost children, they take the children home. If they see a fight, they put an end to it right away.They know all the streets and roads well.Often people ask them how to get to a place in town.In the text, “put an end to' means _A. stop B. cut C. kill

33、D. Fly3、根據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)詞來猜測表示因果關(guān)系的：because, as, since, for, so, as a result-表示同義關(guān)系的： and, like, just as- the same as-.表示反義關(guān)系的：but, however, though, although, yet, instead (of)There is a place on our earth where hot water and steam come up under the ground. It is on a large island in the Pacific Ocean. The isla

34、nd is North Island in New Zealand.What does the word “steam' mean in Chinese?A.自來水 B.大氣 C.冰川 D.蒸汽1.1 could see nothing because the light was so (faint.)2 .Tom is very rude, _but his brother is quite (polite.)3 . She is beautiful, and her daughter is as (pretty )as her. 演練1A bag is useful and the

35、 word “bag” is useful.It gives us some interesting phrases .One is “to let the cat out of the bag. It is the same as “to tell a secret'Now when someone lets out a secret, he “l(fā)ets the cat out of the bag: Q:John lets the cat out of the bag means he_ A. makes everyone know a secret.B. the woman bo

36、ut a cat.C. buys a cat in the bag.D. sells the cat in the bag.'實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練2If you want to be a musician, you usually have to move to an area that has a lot of jobs, such as New York City. The cost of living in these areas is usually very high. The third disadvantage is that you can t have a stable fami

37、ly life. Different jobs will take a musician to different places, so most musicians are unable to have a regular family.What does the underlined word “stable" mean in Chinese?A.幸福的 B.穩(wěn)定的 C.健康的(4)根據(jù)生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)及普通常識猜詞1) China is our motherland.2) Kangaroo mothers have pouches to carry their babies.3) It

38、's really cold outside, and my hands are both numb.Exercises: Guess the meaning of the new words quickly.a. Wealthy means having lots of money.b. Doctors believe that smoking is detrimental to your health.c. My mother-in-law, my husband' s mother, was a teacher. The boy had a happy family be

39、fore. However, after the war, he became homeless.d. You must stop dreaming and face reality.(5)根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測詞意在閱讀文章時(shí)，我們總會遇上一些新詞匯，有時(shí)很難根據(jù)上下文來推斷其詞意， 而它們對文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的作用，此時(shí)，如掌握了一些常用的詞根、 前綴、后綴等語法知識，這些問題便不難解決了。例如： 前綴un-表反義詞， 如 happy、unhappy, fair、unfair, important、unimportant等。后綴-ment表名詞， 如 develop、development,

40、 state statement argue argument 等。后綴-er、-or 或-ist 表同源名詞，如 calculate/ calculator; visit/ visitor; law/ lawyer; wait/waiter; science/ scientist; art/ artist 等。(6)通過同義詞和同義關(guān)系猜測詞義在文章中有時(shí)作者為了避免重復(fù)，或?yàn)榱吮磉_(dá)同一事物的不同種類，使用同義詞 或近義詞。在這種情況下，我們就可以利用同義詞、近義詞的關(guān)系從熟悉的詞語 推測不熟悉詞語的含義。通過同義詞猜詞，一是要看由and或or連接的同義t詞組，如happy and gay即

41、 使我們不認(rèn)識gay這個(gè)詞，也可以知道它是“愉快”的意思；二是看在進(jìn)一步解 釋的過程中所使用的同義詞。Man has known something about the planets Venus, Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.(7)通過反義詞和反義關(guān)系猜測詞義有時(shí)作者為了說明相反的兩件事或兩個(gè)人，使用了一些反義詞或表示反義關(guān)系的詞語來進(jìn)行對比，我們可以利用已知單詞推斷未知單詞的詞義。通過反義詞猜詞，一是看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞或副詞，如 but,while,however等，二 是看含not的習(xí)語或表示否定意義的詞語。(8)通過舉例來猜

42、測詞義Bananas, oranges, pineapples, coconuts and some other kinds of fruit grow in warm areas.(9)通過描述猜測詞義描述即作者為幫助讀者更深刻，更感性地了解某人或某物而對該人或該物作出的 外在相貌或內(nèi)在特征的描寫。The penguin is a kind of seabird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly, it can swim in the icy water t

43、o catch the fish.(10)根據(jù)單詞的發(fā)音進(jìn)行推測英語中有些單詞來自漢語，與漢語發(fā)音有些相似，另外也有一些單詞譯成漢語時(shí)采用音譯，如： sofa,coffee,typhoon,aspirin,nylon(三)推理判斷考查邏輯推理能力、語言分析能力和綜合歸納能力。下面哪些方式屬于推理判斷題？1. We can infer。隹斷)from the story that2. What' s the passage mainly about?3. It can be inferred from the passage that4. According to the story,

44、what would happen next?_5. The first paragraph tells us that6. What can we learn from the passage?一1、事實(shí)推理：先在文章中找出據(jù)以推斷的文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字 里行間的意思。Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People don t want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind

45、s of danger and seem to be “bad” news.According to the passage, which of the following can you most possibly watch on TV?a. You often play football with your friends after school.b. Your teacher has got a cold.c. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasn t been caught.d. The bike in front of your

46、 house is lost.When you cough or sneeze,please turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. Afterwards, you should say, “Excuse me.” This is a rule I set for my students. It is so simple, but many kids have never been told to do this.What does the underlined

47、word “this" mean?_A. Don' t cough or sneeze in front of peopleB. Don' t stand beside someone who coughs or sneezes.C. Many people cough or sneeze on the underground train.D. Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing and say sorry.總結(jié)：解題技巧：推斷題在文章無法直接找到答案，須在正確理解文章字面意思的基礎(chǔ) 上，運(yùn)用邏輯推理的方法，綜合主旨句

48、、主題句和上下文信息以及作者的措辭， 作出總結(jié)性的判斷。同時(shí)要特別注意代詞所指代的對象。閱讀理解題中難度最大且出現(xiàn)頻率很高的是推理判斷題，近幾年的中考每年都保持在2、3題左右。這種題要求考生根據(jù)文章中出現(xiàn)的暗示，抓住內(nèi)含語義，用 邏輯思維的方法加以整理，然后做出合理的判斷。推理的方法大致可分為：簡單 推理和復(fù)雜推理。1、簡單推理：所謂簡單推理就是以表面文字為前提，以具體事實(shí)為依據(jù)進(jìn) 行推理，做出判斷。這種推理方式比較直接，只要弄清事實(shí)，即可結(jié)合常識推斷 出合理的結(jié)論。2、復(fù)雜推理：復(fù)雜推理不但要以文字為依據(jù)，而且還要以文章的語境、內(nèi)涵 為前提。這是一種間接而復(fù)雜的邏輯推理方式?？忌茢喑鑫恼?/p>

49、沒有表明但又合乎邏輯的推理，就必須由表及里地歸納或演繹。下面是幾種復(fù)雜的推理方法： 推測作者的寫作目的和意圖，此類的設(shè)題形式有：The purpose in writing this text is to .The author writes this passage to .The author in this passage intends to .推測作者的寫作目的，必須要先了解文章的主題，然后分析作者的論述方法、 論述的重點(diǎn)和材料的安排。(2)推測文章的觀點(diǎn)或結(jié)論，此類設(shè)題形式有It can be inferred from the passage that .What conclus

50、ion can be drawn from the passage?From the passage we can conclude that .這類問題問的不一定是全文的中心思想或作者的全部觀點(diǎn)，可能只是文章中的某一觀點(diǎn)。但要推測出文中的某一觀點(diǎn)，仍離不開對全文主要觀點(diǎn)或中心思想 的把握。(3)推斷文章的出處，設(shè)題形式有：The passage is most likely to be taken from .Where would this passage most probably appear?The passage is most likely a part of .這類問題應(yīng)從文章

51、的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷其出處：報(bào)紙：前面會出現(xiàn)日期、地點(diǎn)或通訊社名稱；廣告：因其格式和語言特殊，容易辨認(rèn)；產(chǎn)品說明：器皿、設(shè)備的使用說明會有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方式，而藥品的服 用說明會告知服用時(shí)間、次數(shù)、藥量等。(4)推斷短文中人物性格，設(shè)題形式有：What do we know about somebody in the text?What kind of man somebody is?Somebody can be said to be .做這類題時(shí)一定要注意：準(zhǔn)確把握字里行間的意思，切忌用自己的觀點(diǎn)代 替作者的觀點(diǎn)：特別注意表達(dá)情感、態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)的詞語。(5)借助文章結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行推測：有些推斷題要從

52、文章結(jié)構(gòu)的角度進(jìn)行分析，才能推 斷出正確答案。因此，閱讀時(shí)不僅要注重詞、句的理解，而且還要分析語篇的組 織結(jié)構(gòu)。(四)歸納主旨大意：主要包括主題思想、寫作意圖、文章的題目等常見的提問方式有： What is the main idea of the passage?(2) The first paragraph tells us that(3) Which of the following expresses the main idea?(4) The passage is mainly about(5) The best title for the story is(6) Which of

53、the following is the best title?Can you find the topic sentence?1. All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind.Sometimes one living thing kills another, one

54、 eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they form a food chain .Some food chains become broken up if one of the links disappears. 2. Reading is a good habit, but the problem is , there s too much to read these days, and too little time

55、 to read every word of it. There are hundreds of skills to help you read more in less time. Here are two skills that I think are especially good.解題技巧：此類題目多出現(xiàn)于議論文和說明文。要確定文章的主題思想，最重要的是要找到主題句。主題句一般在段首或段尾，有時(shí)也在中間。3. Do you know more and more Chinese artists have made regular donations to charity or put t

56、heir efforts into charity work in China?Here let' s know some of them.What is the passage mainly about?A. Chinese charity work.B. Charity work of some Chinese artists.C. Some famous Chinese artists.D. Organizations started by Chinese artists.解題技巧：找主題句。一般新聞報(bào)道、說明文、議論文大都采用先總述、后分述的敘事方法， 因此主題句大都在段首或篇

57、首。用歸納法寫文章時(shí)，往往表述細(xì)節(jié)的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此結(jié)尾。 那么主題句往往就在段末或篇末。(五)作者的意圖、態(tài)度和目的題1、作者的語氣態(tài)度往往不會直接寫在文章里，只能通過細(xì)讀文章，從作者的選 詞及修飾手段中體會出來。常見的提問方式有：(1) What is the writer" s purpose in writing the passage?(2) The writer probably feels that(3) What is the writer" s main point?(4) What is the writer' s attitude towards 一？(5) In the passage the writer tries to tell us that(6) The writer suggest 俯示)that(7) The writer wants to prove that注意：題目都是圍繞作者的意圖、目的和態(tài)度解題技巧：正確理解文章中反映作者態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)的關(guān)鍵詞，同時(shí)通過選項(xiàng)中的