1、當(dāng)不定式或動詞的 -ing 形式與其邏輯主語之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系時， 要用其用被動式。 其形式歸納如下：不定式 To be done To have been done動詞 -ing 形式 Being done Having been done對非謂語動詞被動語態(tài)的考查在高考中也是較常見的。例 1：Little Jim should love to the theatre this evening. （ 92 全國）A. to be taken B. to takeC. being taken D. taking【分析】答案選 A。句子主語Little Jim與take是被動關(guān)系，被帶去看戲&qu

2、ot;發(fā)生在 想（shouldlove=want） 后”，所以用不定式的被動式作賓語。例 2：After he became conscious, he remembered and on the head with a rod. 【 06江西】A. to attack; hitB. to be attacked; to be hitC. attacking; be hitD. having been attacked; hit【分析】特殊情況："remembei接動名詞的一般式或完成式均表示記得已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的事”句子的主語 he 與并列的 attack， hit 是被動關(guān)系，答案應(yīng)選

3、 D。例 3：At the beginning of the class,the noise of deskscould be heard outside the classrooms. （ 07全國 II ）A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedB. being opened and closed D. to open and close【分析】動詞-ing形式的被動語態(tài)為“beingdone”。根據(jù)所提供的情景課判斷出在上課的開始可以聽到桌子被打開和關(guān)上的聲音。Desks與open,close之間為被動關(guān)系，且充當(dāng)介詞of的賓語，因此

4、使用動詞 -ing 形式的被動語態(tài)。例 4： Where is George? He said he would meet me at 3 o 'clock.He seems with Mr. Brown in the office. （2000 全國）A. to talk B. to be talking C.to have talked D. talking【分析】 seem 后接動詞不定式作賓語，此處根據(jù)情景：他似乎正在和布朗先生在辦公室說 話，應(yīng)該用不定式的進行式，故選 B。說明：一動詞不定式用主動形式表被動含義的情況： 在作表語或賓補的形容詞后用狀語時； 作定 語修飾have

5、, there be, this / that / these / those be等后面的名詞或代詞時；作表語的 to blame, to let, to rent 等。如：1. The text is difficult to learn. 這篇課文很難學(xué)。 （to learn 主動表被動 ）2. We found the text difficult to learn. 我們覺得這篇課文很難學(xué)。 （to learn 主動表被動 ）3. He was to blame for that. 他因此受到了責(zé)備。（作表語的 to blame 主動表被動 ）4. I ' m going t

6、o the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ?A. to be buyingB. to buyC. for buying D. bought【分析】答案選 B。表示 有要”常用不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。5. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .【 08 全國卷 I 】A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 【分析】在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)表語形容詞

7、為 good, light,heavy, difficult 等時，其后常用不定 式作狀語，表示時間，原因，結(jié)果等，且常用主動形式表示被動意義，因此選B。二 need, want 和 require 表示 “需要 ”，主語通常是物時，后面除用不定式的被動式外，也可用 -ing 形式的主動形式表示被動。如：There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need. （05 上海卷 ）A. that; to be improvedB. which; to be improvedC.

8、where; improving D. when; improving【分析】答案選 A。 need improving=need to be improved 。 that 引導(dǎo)的從句與 problem 是同位 語。練一練：1. （2002）Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remainswhether theywill enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen2. （2002 上海 ） to sunlight for too much ti

9、me will do harm to one's skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposed D. After being exposed3. （2002 春招）Prices of daily goodsthrough a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been bought D. buying4. （2002 上海春招 ）When, the museum will he open to the public next year.A.

10、 completedB. completing C. being completed D. to be completed5. （2003 上海）The discovery of new evidenee led to.A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught6. （2003 上海春招 ）Friendship is like money: easier made than .A. keptB. to be kept C. keepingD.

11、being kept7. （2003 上海春招 ）Unlessto speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invited D. having invited8. （04 遼寧 September.A. to be heard B. to be hearingC. to hear D. to have heard9. （04 上海 ）The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells insid

12、e thehuman nose and throat. A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused10. （05湖北卷）from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants andanimals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB . Having separatedC. Having been separated D . Tobe sep

13、arated11. （05 上海卷）He got well- prepared for the job in terview, for he could n' t riskthe good不定式 To be done To have been done動詞 -ing 形式 Being done Having been done對非謂語動詞被動語態(tài)的考查在高考中也是較常見的。例 1：Little Jim should love to the theatre this evening. （ 92 全國）A. to be taken B. to takeC. being taken D. t

14、aking【分析】答案選 A。句子主語Little Jim與take是被動關(guān)系，被帶去看戲"發(fā)生在 想（shouldlove=want） 后”，所以用不定式的被動式作賓語。例 2：After he became conscious, he remembered and on the head with a rod. 【 06江西】A. to attack; hitB. to be attacked; to be hitC. attacking; be hitD. having been attacked; hit【分析】特殊情況："remembei接動名詞的一般式或完成式均

15、表示記得已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的事”句子的主語 he 與并列的 attack， hit 是被動關(guān)系，答案應(yīng)選 D。例 3：At the beginning of the class,the noise of deskscould be heard outside the classrooms. （ 07全國 II ）A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedB. being opened and closed D. to open and close【分析】動詞-ing形式的被動語態(tài)為“beingdone”。根據(jù)所提供的情景課判斷出在上課的開始可以聽到桌

16、子被打開和關(guān)上的聲音。Desks與open,close之間為被動關(guān)系，且充當(dāng)介詞of的賓語，因此使用動詞 -ing 形式的被動語態(tài)。例 4： Where is George? He said he would meet me at 3 o 'clock.He seems with Mr. Brown in the office. （2000 全國）A. to talk B. to be talking C.to have talked D. talking【分析】 seem 后接動詞不定式作賓語，此處根據(jù)情景：他似乎正在和布朗先生在辦公室說 話，應(yīng)該用不定式的進行式，故選 B。說明：一

17、動詞不定式用主動形式表被動含義的情況： 在作表語或賓補的形容詞后用狀語時； 作定 語修飾have, there be, this / that / these / those be等后面的名詞或代詞時；作表語的 to blame, to let, to rent 等。如：1. The text is difficult to learn. 這篇課文很難學(xué)。 （to learn 主動表被動 ）2. We found the text difficult to learn. 我們覺得這篇課文很難學(xué)。 （to learn 主動表被動 ）3. He was to blame for that. 他因此

18、受到了責(zé)備。（作表語的 to blame 主動表被動 ）4. I ' m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ?C. for buying D. bought【分析】答案選 B。表示 有要”常用不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。5. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .【 08 全國卷 I 】A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being bre

19、athed 【分析】在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)表語形容詞為 good, light,heavy, difficult 等時，其后常用不定 式作狀語，表示時間，原因，結(jié)果等，且常用主動形式表示被動意義，因此選B。二 need, want 和 require 表示 “需要 ”，主語通常是物時，后面除用不定式的被動式外，也可用 -ing 形式的主動形式表示被動。如：There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need. （05 上海卷 ）A. that; to be improvedB.

20、which; to be improvedC. where; improving D. when; improving【分析】答案選 A。 need improving=need to be improved 。 that 引導(dǎo)的從句與 problem 是同位 語。練一練：1. （2002）Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remainswhether theywill enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen2. （2002 上海 ） to

21、sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposed D. After being exposed3. （2002 春招）Prices of daily goodsthrough a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been bought D. buying4. （2002 上海春招 ）When, the museum will he open to

22、 the public next year.A. completedB. completing C. being completed D. to be completed5. （2003 上海）The discovery of new evidenee led to.A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught6. （2003 上海春招 ）Friendship is like money: easier made than .A. keptB.

23、to be kept C. keepingD. being kept7. （2003 上海春招 ）Unlessto speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invited D. having invited8. （04 遼寧 September.A. to be heard B. to be hearingC. to hear D. to have heard9. （04 上海 ）The flu is believed by viruses that like to repr

24、oduce in the cells inside thehuman nose and throat. A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused10. （05湖北卷）from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants andanimals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB . Having separatedC. Having bee

25、n separated D . Tobe separated11. （05 上海卷）He got well- prepared for the job in terview, for he could n' t riskthe good12. （ 05 遼寧卷） All these gifts must be mailed immediately in time for Christmas.A in order to have received Bin order to receive C so as to be received D so as to be receiving13. （94）The first textbooks for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16thcentury.A. having written B. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written14. （94）The missing boys were last seen near th