1、、英語中各種詞性的用法及解釋1.名詞名詞可以分為專有名詞（ Proper Nouns）和普通名詞 （Common Nouns）。 專有名詞是某個（些）人，地方，機構等專有的名稱，如Beijing，China 等。（不是專有名詞就是普通名詞）1）名詞變復數的方法1）規則的變復數的方法情況構成方法例詞一般情況加 -smap-maps bag-bags car-cars以 s, sh, ch, x 等結 尾的詞加 -esbus-buses watch-watches以輔音字 母 +y 結尾 的詞變 y 為 i 再加 esbaby-babies2）不規則變化情況 以 o 結尾的名詞，變復數時：a. 加

2、 s ， 如 ： photo-photospiano-pianosradio-radioszoo-zoos ；b. 加 es，如： potato potatoestomato tomatoes基本規律：有生命性質的詞在后面加 es ，否則加 s ) 以 f 或 fe 結尾的名詞變復數時：a. 加 s ，如 ： belief-beliefsroof-roofssafe-safesgulf-gulfs ；b. 去 f, fe加 -ves ， 如 ：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-livesthief-thiev

3、es ； 名詞復數的不規則變化child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethmouse-miceman-menwoman-women 單復同形如：deer，sheep，fish，Chinese ，Japanese 集體名詞，以單數形式出現，但實為復數。如： people police cattle 等本身就是復數，不能說 a people ， a police ， a cattle ，但可以說 a person ，a policeman ，a head of cattle, the English ，the British ， the French ，the Chines

4、e ，the Japanese ，the Swiss 等名詞，表 示國民總稱時，作復數用。 以 s 結尾，仍為單數的名詞，如 ： maths ， politics ， physics 等學科名詞，為不可數名詞，是單數 。 news 是 不可數名詞。(2)名詞的格1)在英語中有些名詞可以加 "'s" 來表示所有關系， 帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱為該名詞的所有格，如： a teacher's book 。名詞所有格的規則如下：2) 單數名詞詞尾加 "'s"，復數名詞詞尾沒有 s，也要加"'s" ，如 the b

5、oy's bag 男 孩的書包， men's room 男廁所。3) 若名詞已有復數詞尾 -s ，只加"'"，如：the workers' struggle 工人的斗爭。4) 凡不能加 "'s"的名詞，都可以用 "名詞 +of +名詞 "的結構來表示所有關系， 如：the title of the song 歌的名字。5) 在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現 它所修飾的名詞，如： the barber's 理發店。6) 如果兩個名詞并列，并且分別有 '

6、s，則表示 "分別有 "；只有一個 's，則表 示'共有 '。如： John's and Mary's room (兩間) John and Mary's room (一間) 例題解析1. They got much from those new books.A. ideas B. photos C. news D. stories2. I have two and three bottles of here.A. orange, orangeB. oranges, orangesC. oranges, orangeD. or

7、ange, oranges3. Every evening M r. King takes a to his home .A. 25 minutes ' walk B. 25 minute ' s walkC. 25 minute walkD. 25 minutes walk解析: 句中的 minute 應該用其復數的所有格形式 ,只+',而不能 +s,因此選 A。4. An old wants to see you.解析: person 與 people 都有”人”的意思, 但用法不同 . “一個人”用“a person”, “兩個人”用“two persons”;

8、people 泛指“人們”是集合名詞 ,表示復數 , the people 指“人民” , a people 指“一個民族” . 應選 B。5. Help yourself to .A. chickens and applesB. chickens and appleC. chicken and appleD. chicken and apples解析: chicken 可用作可數名詞指小雞 ,用作不可數名詞指雞肉 ,根據詞題意應理解為雞 肉;apple為可數名詞 , 故應+s, 因此選 D。6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two .A. room' sn umbe

9、rB. rooms'n umberC. room numbers D. rooms' numbers解析: room number 房間號碼 . room 可直接用作定語修飾后面的名詞 . 類似的還有 my phsics teacher, two bus drivers 等. 應選 C。7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her secondA. familyB. houseC. homeD. room9. Li Lei has been tomany times this month.解析:

10、 family 指的是家庭或是家庭成員 ; house指的是房子 （住所）; room 指的是房間 ;而home 指的是家 , 因此選 C.8.mothers couldn't go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai .A. Mary and Peter 'sB. Mary and PeterC. Mary 's and PeterD. Mary 's and Peter 's解析: 此句中“mothers”是復數 ,表示兩個人各自的母親 ,因此應選 D。A. her uncleB. h

11、er uncle 's C. her unclesD. aunt 's解析: 此句意為“李雷這個去她舅舅家多次” . 表示具體場所時 , 可省去所有格后面的 名詞.因此選 B。10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn't in teaching.A. many experiences B. much experienceC. an experienceD. a lot experience解析: experience 作“經驗”講時是不可數名詞 , 作“經歷”講時是可數名詞 . 本句 中應理解為“經驗” ,因此是不可數名詞

12、,排除 A C. 又因 a lot of , lots of, plenty of 只 用于肯定句 , 不用于否定句 , 因此選 B。11. A classmate of was here ten minutes ago.A. you B. your C. your sisterD. your sister's解析: 此題考查名詞的雙重所有格 .應選 D。12. A group of are talking with two .A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,FrenchmansC. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , F

13、renchmen解析: Frenchman 是復合詞 ,其復數形式為 Frenchmen; German 的復數為直接在單詞 末尾+S, 應選 A.13. The team having a meeting .A. is B. are C. am D. be 解析: team 是一個集合名詞 ,即可表示復數意義 （指整個小組 ） , 也可指小組中的成員 （表 示復數）, 此題意為后者 , 因此選 B。14. “ Would you like ? “ _”, please. ”C. a drink, A coffeeD. a drink, Three cups of coffees解析: dri

14、nk 和coffee是不可數名詞 , 可以用 of來表示數量 , eg, three cups of coffee, 當前面加 a 時,則表示 “一杯”因此選 C。15. The Great Wall was made not only by , but also the flesh and blood of men.A. earth and stone, millions ofC. the earth and stone, million of 解析： earth 是不可數名詞，因此刪除 因此選 A 。B. earths and stones, millionsD. the earths a

15、nd stones, millionsB D, 數以百萬的應為 millions of .選擇最佳答案：1 Last night, there was a food accident. The were ill, but no were lost.A. child, livesB. children, lifeC. children, lives D. child, life2. -This is a photo of when they were young.-OK, how happy they both looked!A. my father and motherB. my mother

16、 and father'sC. my mother's and father'sD.my father's and my mother3. The new student is in , Grade Two.A. Class ThirdB. Third ClassC. Class ThreeD. Three class4. Today is September 10th. It's Day. Let's go and buy some flowers for our teachers.A. TeachersB. Teachers'C. t

17、he Teachers'D. Teacher's5. The market isn't far from here. It's only bicycle ride.A. half an hours'B. half an hour'sC. half an hour D. an hour and a half6. - What would you like to drink, girls?- , please.A.Two cup of coffeeB. Two cups of coffeC. Two cups of coffee D. Two cup

18、s of coffees7. During Christmas, people get together and sing Christmas songs for .A. fun B. wishes C. interest D. thanks8. Some are flying kites near the river.A. child B. boyC. boysD. childs9. After the exam, we'll have holiday.A. two weeksB. two-weeksC. two weeks'D. two week's10. They

19、 are those bags.Please put them on the bus.A. visitor B. visitors C. visitor'sD. visitors'11. - How many workers are there in your factory?- There are two .A. hundreds B. hundredC. hundred ofD. hundreds of12. -What do you think of the the Moonlight Sonata by Beethoven?- It sounds really wond

20、erful.A. subject B. music C. bookD. animal13. There is not enough in the corner for the fridge.A. placeB. roomC. fieldD. ground14. comes from sheep and some people like eating itA. Wool B. Pork C. Mutton D. Milk15. If you don't take more , you'll get fat.A. medicine B. lessons C. photos D. e

21、xercise16. My school is about twenty walk from here.A. minuteB. minutes'C. minutes's D. minutes17. Mum, I have to tell you!A. a good news B. some good news C. some good newes D. much good news18. Which is the to the post office?A. streetB. wayC. roadD. address19. I stayed at last Sunday.A. m

22、y unclesB. my uncles'C. my uncle'sD. my uncle's family20. Maths not easy to learn.A. areB. isC. amD. were1-5 CBCBB6-10 CACCD11-15 ABBCD16-20 BBBC2. 形容詞“ How can I learn English well? ” This is a question many students ask. In my opinion, the most effective way is to learn lessons by hear

23、t. If you can recite the text and write it out, you 've learned it fairly well. And if you can tell, in your own words, what the lesson says you ' re a very successful learner indeed. Your English will be quite perfect.This is a difficult task. However, if you try to learn by heart only part

24、 of each lesson, you ' ll find it not half so hard as you might have thought.Learning this way, you will make rapid progress. Of course, writing is also necessary. It helps you a lot on our way to success in English.Equally important is to feel the language. You should be able to laugh at jokes

25、and be shocked at bad news. When using English, try to forget your mother tongue. Instead of helping you, your own language gets in your way. So, never try to see English through translation.1.In the writer ' s opinion, the most effective way in learning English is .A. to practise speaking, writ

26、ing and feeling itB. to forget your own native languageC. to translate everything into his own languageD. to memorize the English words and grammatical rulesThis2. “ Instead of helping you, your own language gets in your way.sentence means that memorizing your own language can .A.help you to study E

27、nglish wellB.stop you mastering EnglishC.make English easy to learnD.help you notice mistakes3. Equally important is to feel the language. “ to feel the language ” here means.A.to get a knowledge of English by touchingB. to be able to read and write EnglishC. to translate English into your own by im

28、aginingD. to be able to experience the rich sensation of the languageBWhen we can see well, we do not think about our eyes often. It is only when we can not see perfectly that we come to see how important our eyes are.People who are nearsighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes.M

29、any people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become nearsighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant things clearly.People who are farsighted face just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty reading a book unles

30、s they hold it at arm' slength. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too.Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people 's eyes become cloudy because of cataracts. Long ago these people

31、 often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.When night falls, colors become fainter to the eyes and finally disappear. After your eyes have grown used to the dark, you can see better if you use the side of your eyes rather than the centers. Sometimes

32、, after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you, which seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. This is because when you turn your head, you are looking ? at the thing too directly. Men on guard duty sometimes think they see something moving to one side of them. When they tu

33、rn to look straight at it, they can not see it any more, and they believe they were mistaken. However, this mistake happens because the center of the eye, which is very sensitive in daylight, is not as sensitive as the sides of the eye after dark.1. We don 't know that our eyes are of great impo

34、rtance until .A. we think about our eyesB. we cannot see clearlyC. we wear glassesD. we have to do much reading2. According to the passage, a is more likely to be nearsighted.A.tailor B. doctorC. guard D.painter3. People who are farsighted .A.cannot do a lot of close work without glassesB. can only

35、see things that are very close to their eyesC. have difficulty reading a book if they hold it at arm 's lengthD. have the same problem as the nearsighted people4. To see a small thing at night, it is better to look .A.with wide open eyesB.with half shut or narrowed eyesC.straight at itD.in a sli

36、ghtly different directionCTrees are useful to man in three important ways: they give him wood and other useful things, they give him cool places, and they help to stop drought and flood.Unluckily, in many parts of the world, man has not found that the third of these points is the most important. Man

37、 wants to make money from trees,so he has cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had. And also, he is usually too careless to plant and look after new trees. So the forests slowly disappear.This does not only mean that man will have fewer trees

38、. The results are even worse: for where there are trees, their roots break up soil-make the rain in-and also bind the soil, thus stopping it from being washed away easily; but where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away, causing floods and carrying away the rich top-soil.

39、When all the top-soil is gone, nothing is left but useless desert.1.The most important points of trees to man is .A.they help him to make moneyB.they give him coolC.they give him wood and other thingsD. they help him to stop drought and floods2.In many places forests slowly disappear because .A.many

40、 trees have been cut down by manB. new trees are not well looked afterC. man has not paid enough attention to planting treesD. all the above3.Land becomes desert after all trees are cut down because A. roots of trees break up the soilB. there are too many rainfallsC. strong winds bring a lot of sand

41、D. there are no longer trees to keep the rain and protect the top-soil.4. Which title best fits the passage?A.Trees and ManB.The Function of Tree WoodC.How do People do with Trees?D.The Usage of Tree Roots英語完形填空練習These days computer games have become more and more popular in many cities and towns. A lot of small shops along busy _1_ have changed into computer game houses in order to get more _2_ . These places are always crowded with people.In the computer game houses, people 3 a lot of money match