1、；(一) 英文議論文的結構特點要求文章結構必須十分嚴謹，文章各個部分的功能都要十分清晰，開頭、中間和結尾都有嚴格的要求。英語議論文共有三大特點：1、 觀點鮮明的開頭;2、 緊扣主題的結尾;3、 有主題句并且銜接自然的中間段落另外，英語文章和漢語不同的是段落的主題句一定要放在段首，而不能按照中文的寫作習慣放在段落的中間或者最后，換句話說，每段的內容都是根據首句來展開的，其順序不能顛倒。 在中心統一這個問題,應該遵循英文議論文的寫作思路和習慣：表示支持則旗幟鮮明地支徹徹底底地反對，而不能采取“墻頭草兩邊倒”的做法。（二) 作文開頭1-1 對立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏

2、向于某一看法,適用于有爭議性的主題.1. When asked about., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that . But I think/view a bit differently.2. When it comes to . , some people believe that . Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I

3、 tend to the profer/latter .)3. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that . They claim/believe/argue that . But I wonder/doubt whether.1-2 現象法 引出要剖析的現象或者問題, 然后評論 .1. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) . has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/worldwide concern.2

4、. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of .has been brought into focus. ( has been brouth to public attention)3.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.1-3 觀點法 -開門見山,直接了當地提出自己對要討論的問題的看法.1. Never histor

5、y has the change of . been as evident as .Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of . been more visible/popular than.2. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that.3. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to.Now peopl

6、e become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of .4. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.1-4 引用法 - 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 來引出文章要展開論述的觀點!1. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people ."Ed

7、ucation is not complete with gradulation." Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.2."." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses/this .In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this ".&qu

8、ot;. 1-5 比較法 - 通過對過去,現在 兩種不同的傾向,觀點的比較 , 引出文章要討論的觀點.1. For years, .had been viewed as . But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing . , people . .2. People used to think that . (In the past, .) But people now share this new .1-6 問題法 - 先用討論或解答的設問, 引出自己觀點, 適用于有爭議性的話題.Should/What . ? O

9、ptions of . vary greatly , some ., others .But in my opinion , . .（三）作文結尾結尾萬能公式一：如此結論。說完了，畢竟要歸納一番，比如下面的例子：obviously（此為過渡短語）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 更多過渡短語：to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus更多句型：thus, it can

10、 be concluded that, therefore, we can find that結尾萬能公式二：如此建議如果說“如此結論”是結尾最沒用的廢話，那么“如此建議”應該是最有價值的廢話了. obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.更多句型：accordingly, i recommend that some measures be taken.consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.（四

11、）過渡詞層次：5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（強烈推薦）6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（強烈推薦）7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（強烈推薦）8）most important of all, moreover, finally9）on the one hand, on the other hand（適用于兩點的情況）10）for one thing, for another thing（適用于兩點的情況）用以解釋的過渡

12、詞now, in addition, for, in this case, furthermore, in fact表示強調的過渡詞certainly, indeed, above all, after all, surely, most important表示限制的過渡詞however, although, though, yet, except for 用以舉例的過渡詞for example, for instance, thus, such, next表示遞進或補充的過渡詞in addition，furthermore，also，moreover，yet用以表示比較的過渡詞like, i

13、n the same way, similarly, equally important, too表示讓步的過渡詞although, nevertheless, of curse, after all, clearly, still, yet用以解釋的過渡詞now, in addition, for, in this case, furthermore, in fact用以表述結果的過渡詞therefore, as a result, consequently, then，thereby，thus，hence，accordingly, so, otherwise用以表示總結的過渡詞to sum

14、 up, finally, at last, in conclusion, in summary in short，in a word，in the long run，四級聽力重點主題與場景分析1 機場地點       Security check（安檢處）  Gate（登機口）  Terminal （航站樓）    Check-in counter （換票柜臺）  Customs （海關）    2. 機場人物   

15、; Airhostess/stewardess （空姐）   steward （空哥、空少）   flight attendant （飛機乘務員）   3. 飛機動作    Take off/land （起飛、降落）   ascend/descend（上升、下降）    postpone/delay/cancel （推遲、延遲、取消）      二、餐廳   重點1點菜：

16、60;   Order  menu   wine list （酒單）  alcohol  steak   French Fries （薯條）2. 埋單：Check the bill please!（埋單！） Treat （請客）   split the bill （分開付）Reservation   （高頻詞,預定）三、校園生活圖書館    1.書籍：journal 學術類刊物  volume 卷   cu

17、rrent/back issue 現/過刊   periodical   期刊      2.人物：librarian 圖書管理員Campus life  校園生活 1  作業詞匯：assignment   paper   essays  book/research report  composition 作文   textbook教科書/reference book參考書(07-6)  copy

18、 副本      搭配詞匯還有：be through with sth  結束，完成（兩次考到）      due  到期   have sb's hands full with sth  忙于做某事（07-12） 2  課程形式詞匯：       Seminar（研討會）optional course/elective （選修課） compulso

19、ry course/requirement （必修課）   presentation （多次考到，展示或演示課） 3   名稱    freshman(大一)   sophomore（大二）  junior（大三）  senior（大四） graduate(畢業生)   undergraduate （在校生，本科生）  postgraduate （研究生） tutor(導師)   graduate school  （

20、研究生院）Job hunting  求職  (長對話重點)Job applicant  candidate (候選人)   apply for   application Position/post  （多次考到。職位）  resume (簡歷，注意發音，多次考到) recruit （連續考到。招聘）    benefit (package)  （福利，兩次考到）   paid vacation   （帶薪假期） social security （美國的社會保險）  relocation expenses （異地補償費用）  phased retir