1、介詞和介詞短語介詞是虛詞，根據(jù)意義可分為地點介詞、時間介詞、方位介詞、手段介詞和其他介詞等。1 表示時間白介詞： at, in, on, before, to, from, by, till, until, after, for, since 等。2 表示地點， 位置， 方向的介詞：next, to, in, in front of, on , out of, at, above, over, into, near, between, under, up, across, by, down, from, around, behind, beside 等3表示原因，理由的介詞： for, as,

2、 at, from等4表示方式白介詞：on, in, by, with 等。常用介詞辨析1.表示時間的 in, on, at, after91)in的用法。用于早晨、下午、傍晚。 In the morning/afternoon/evening用于月、年、季節(jié)等。In March, in 1986, in spring用于一段時間后。In a week, in a year ' s time, in two hours2)on的用法用于具體某一天。On my birthday, on the morning of next Friday, on June 6, on Sunday, o

3、n New Year Day用于描述性的時間。On a cold night, on a winter day3)at的用法用于具體的鐘點。At 12 o ' clock, at half nine用于固定的搭配。At lunch, at night, at breakfast, at noon, at Christmas, at weekends, at that time4)after表示在一點時間以后。 After twelve oclock2.表示的地點的in, on , atAbove 一月0n二月0ve三月四月 五月 六月G.- A. 一/_underbelowThere

4、will be two bridges over the river. 河上斗各有兩座橋。4. 表方位的 in, on, to.ooShanghai is in the east of China.Russia is on the east of China.Japan is to the east of China.5. between, amongBetween指兩者之間，among指三者或三者以上。6. across , over, throughAcross表示從這一邊到另一邊的橫過，over表示從空間通過，through則表示從內(nèi)部空間穿過。Can you swim across t

5、he lake?你能游泳過湖嗎？The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across the desserts, over the mountains, through the valleys, till at last it reaches the see.7. with, in ,byWith后跟工具，in后跟語言、材料等，by跟某種方式。I can write with a pen. 我能用筆寫。He wrote the words in red ink.We often go to school by bike./ I learn

6、 English by listening to tapes.8. 看似相同，但意義有別的詞組。At school在上學(xué)At the school 在學(xué)校In bed在睡覺In the bed在床上At table 吃飯At the table 在桌前用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空In class在課上In the class在這個班Go to school 去上學(xué)Go to the school 去學(xué)校on earth 究竟on the earth 在地球上In front of在前邊(外部)In the front of在前部(內(nèi)部)In hospital 住院In the hospital 在醫(yī)院里b

7、y sea乘船by the sea 在海邊1) He knows everything the school.2) He usually goes out for a walk lunch.3) I have lunch half past eleven.4) Please look the blackboard.5.They work 8:00 16:00.5) When do they get up the morning?6) Will we go bus or foot?7.We have learned a lot you.7) The cup was broken her.8) W

8、here are you? I ' m Beijing.9) We are working the people.10) It is time breakfast.11) Class begins nine.12） We come different parts of America.13） She lives her father.14） She often gets up half past six the morning.15） We stay here six months.16） You are leaving Shanghai.17） He was born 1986.18

9、） We usually have meetings Saturday afternoon.19） Beijing is the capital china.20） Have a cup coffee please.21） Xiao Li was born March25,1991.I.介詞的種類1 .簡單介詞， 常用的有 at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without, to, by, with, of, over, behind, up, after, against 等。2 . 復(fù)合介tBJ, 如 ,along w

10、ith, because of, in front of, instead of 等。3 .介詞和其他詞類的習(xí)慣搭配關(guān)系（1）和動詞的搭配，如 agree with, ask for, belong to, keep away from, care about 等。（2）和形容詞的搭配，如 afraid of, angry with, different from, good at（3）和名詞的搭配，如 answer to , key to, reason for, visit to 等.*介詞后常跟人稱代詞的賓格和動詞的ing形式。II.某些介詞的意義與用法區(qū)別1. at, on, in（表

11、時間）:at表示時間的一點；in表示一個時期；on表示特殊日子A. at后常接幾點幾分，天明，中午，日出，日落，開始等。如：at five o' clock （五點）,at daybreak （天亮）,at noon （中午）,at midnight （半夜）,at the beginning of the month （月初）, at that time （那時）, at that moment （那會兒）, at this time of day （在 天的這個時候）。B. in后常接年，月，日期，上午，下午，晚上，白天，季節(jié)，世紀(jì)等。如：in 2006 （2006 年），in M

12、ay , 2004 （2004 年五月），in the morning （早晨/上午），in the afternoon （下 午），in the evening （晚上）,in the night （夜晚），in the daytime （白天），in the 21st century （21 世紀(jì)）， in three days （weeks/month） 三天（周 /個月）,in a week （一周）,in spring （春季）。C. on后跟某日，星期幾，某日的朝夕，節(jié)日等，即具體某一天極其早 中、晚.on Sunday （星期日）， on a warm morning in Ap

13、ril （四月的個溫暖的上午）, on a December night （12 月的個夜晚） ,on that afternoon （那天下午）,on the following night （下個晚上）,on Christmas afternoon （圣 誕節(jié)下午），on October 1 , 1949 （1949 年 10 月 1 日），on New Year' s Day.（特別提示）:在last, next, this, that, some, every等詞之前一律不用介詞2. between, among（表位置）在.之間“A. between僅用于二者之間，但說三者或

14、三者以上中的每兩個之間的相互關(guān)系時，也可用between,如I ' nsitting between Tom and Alice.He is the best among the students.B. among用于三者或三者以上之間。如:3. beside, besides, exceptbeside意為"在 一旁邊"， He sat beside me.besides意為"除之夕卜”，包括在內(nèi)。What do you want besides this?except 意為"除之外"，不包括在內(nèi)They go to work in

15、a week except Saturday.4. in the tree, on the treein the tree，指動物或人等外來的東西在樹上，on the tree，指果實或葉子等樹本身長出來的東西5. on the way, by the way, in this wayon the way 指在路上,on one ' s way to .by the way指順便問一句in this way 用這樣的方法 ,in that way , in other way, in these ways6. by bus, on the busby bus是一般說法，固定搭配，on

16、the bus特指乘某一輛車7. across, through, 和 past 通過, 經(jīng)過“across從表面經(jīng)過 ,如,road, bridge, riverthrough 從內(nèi)部空間經(jīng)過 ,如：city, woods, forests, window, gatepast ,從旁邊經(jīng)過.EX: Fill in the blanks with across or through.1. We have to walk the gate to go into the factory.2. When we went the cinema,we saw a traffic accident.3.

17、Look out the window, please.4. Don ' t walk the ice. It' s dangerous.5. Suddenly, a young man ran me.6. If you walk the square, you will see the Sunflower Hotel.7. The river goes the city.8. The old man can swim the stream.9. I walked him without saying hello.10. The army moved the forests q

18、uietly.8. on, above, over, 在上”,up,A. on指在某物表面上，有接觸點 a book on the tableB. over指在某物垂直上方，無接觸點，也可指覆蓋在某物上，與under相對a cloth over the table , a fan over the tableC. above指在某物的上方即可，不一定是垂直上方反義，司為below ,The temperature today is above zero.今天氣溫零度以上 .D. up表示在往上的方向反義詞 down look up to the sky抬頭看天空11. in, after &q

19、uot;以后”A. “in較時間”表示將來的一段時間以后，用在將來時態(tài)中.,常回答how soon的提問.B. "after較時間”表示過去的一段時間以后，相當(dāng)于 一段時間+ laterMy mother will come back in three or four days.He arrived after five months. = He arrived five minutes later.12. by, with, in , on 表示方式，手段，工具，A. by以方法、手段或泛指某種交通工具，或跟V-ing形式.B. with 表不用 工具，C. in表示用方式，用 語

20、言（語調(diào)、顏色）等D. on 表示通過媒介 ,on the telephone, on the radio, on TVEg: He learned Japanese by listening to the radio.We Chinese have meals with chopsticks.The novel is written in English.Ex: Fill in the blanks with by, with or in ,on1. I sent the message to him email.2. The pupils write pencils.3. Do you k

21、now the meaning of word Chinese ?4. The man climbed up to the tree a ladder.5. They solved the problem communicating.6. The woman was crying a low voice.7. The old man often gets news the radio.8. We often cut things a knife.9. He improved his writing skill keeping diaries.10. My grandpa can sing so

22、me songs Russian.13.放在地點之前的介詞:at, in, onA. at （1）表示在小地方；（2）表示 在附近，旁邊”B. in （1）表示 在大地方；（2）表示 在范圍之內(nèi)”。C. on表示毗鄰，接壤D. to 表示在范圍外，不強調(diào)是否接壤III.介詞的其他一些用法.1. as,作為. English is used as a mother language.2. at,在旁邊, The boy is sitting at the door.3. but, 除了 . He has nothing but money.4. like,像，如同.He looks like m

23、y best friend.5. till, until,直到一,在以前. We didn ' t go home till five yesterday.6. with,有, 帶著 o I d like some coffee with sugar.7. by,在 .附近 They live by a river.8. 短語介詞：thanks to, because of, in spite of, instead of一.選擇最彳i答案（表示時間關(guān)系的介詞）.1.The plane arrived at London airportWednesday.A. onB. atC. in

24、D. for2.What do you usually doChristmas?A. onB. atC. inD. for3.The first class begins8 o' clockthe morning.A. at/onB. at/inC. on /inD. on/on4.last Saturday, we had had two football matches with Class Two.A. ForB./C. ByD. During5.We will be in NanjingTuesdayThursday.A. on/ throughB. on/toC. from/

25、toD. on./till6.Mr Black will visit our new school buildingtwo days.A. beforeB. afterC. atD. in7.the end of last spring Wang Hai joined the armythe end.A. At/atB. By/inC. In /atD. At /in8.We will have a football matchthis Saturday afternoon.A. onB. /C. inD. for9.He came to see youthe evening of May 1

26、0th.A. inB. atC. onD. for10.I ' m afraid I gave you a lot oftroublemy stay here.A. inB. forC. duringD. on11.The supermarket is openmidnight.A. atB. onC. tillD./12.Days are longersummerthanwinter.A. in/inB. in/onC. from/toD. to/in19.一New Year ' s eve people usually don' t go to bed until

27、midnight.A. AtB. OnC. ForD. In20.Tom and Paul usually watch TVweekends.A. atB. inC. forD./21.Every day the old man takes these children homeschool.A. atB. toC. fromD. after22.Could you come to my officethe day after tomorrow.A./B. onC. inD. at23.We had built three bridges over the riverthe end of199

28、4.A. atB. onC. forD. by24.Life will be betterthe 21 st century.A. atB. onC. forD. in25. Do you often work latenight.A. atB. inC. forD. during選擇最彳i答案（表示地點運動方向的介詞）.1. There is a bridgethe river.A. underB. overC. onD. next2. There are many beautiful birdsthe tree.A. onB. atC. inD. besides3. My house is

29、the two buildings, so we get little sunshine during the day.A. betweenB. amongC. inD. at4. Lucy is waitingNo.3 bus stopher father.A. for/forB. for/atC. at/forD. at/at5. Is there anything interestingtoday' s newspaper?A. inB. onC. atD. /6. Can you tell me who spokethe meeting ?A. atB. alongC. inD

30、. for7. My uncle lives208 Smith Street.A. atB. onC. toD. with8. At last we reaches the villagethe hill.A. at the foot ofB. at footC. on foot ofD. in the foot from9. Shanghai isthe east of China and Japan isthe east of China.A. to/toB. to /inC. in /toD. in /in10. the end of the street you can find th

31、e post office.A. ByB. AtC. OnD. In11. Do you often listenthe programmesthe radio.A. to/ofB. to /inC. to/onD. on /to12. Please waitthe office . Don' t come in until you are calle13.14.A. inB. intoC. insideAre you going to leave GuangzhouBeijing?A. forB. toC. fromD. inThere is a holethe wall.D. ou

32、tsideA. inB. atC. forD. towards15. Can you tell me the wayShanghai Zoo?A. toB. atC. forD. towards選擇最彳i答案（注意與一些動詞搭配使用的介詞）1. Thank youyour coming.A. toB. ofC. byD. for2. He spent a long timethe maths problem.A. inB. onC. forD. at3. Mr Li is going to help himhis Chinese this afternoon.A. withB. onC. by

33、D. at4. How much did you paythis book?A. forB. atC. onD. with5. Please translate the sentence English.A. intoB. toC. atD. for6. Please fill the bottle tea.A. byB. withC. forD. in7. The machines cut big pieces of metal small pieces.A. inB. byC. toD. into12. You can borrow the book your school library

34、.A. fromB. toC. forD. at13. I prefer coffee tea.A. overB. toC. forD. than14. Would you show me your factory?A. toB. inC. atD. round15. Help yourself some fish. It tastes very nice.A. withB. onC. inD. to16. They haven ' t decided the daor the next meeting.A. forB. byC. inD. on17. Let me introduce

35、 her you.A. withB. onC. toD. for18. Li Ling fell his bicycle this morningA. onB. downC. offD. to19. I shouted her, but shi didn' t hear me.A. toB. atC. onD. for20. Tom has made friends many Chinese students.A. withB. toC. byD. among四.選擇最彳i答案（注意介詞的習(xí)慣用法）1. Can you find out the answer these questions?A. ofB. forC. toD. with2. his help, I passed the English test yesterday. A. Under