1、英語中的強調(diào)句型王珂1. It is + 被強調(diào)部分 + that .該句型是強調(diào)句型。 將被強調(diào)的部分放在前面, 其它部分置于 that 之后。 被強調(diào)部分可以是主語,賓語,表語或狀語。強調(diào)的主語如果是人, that 可以由 who 換用。如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后,應該是一個完整無缺的句子。這也是判斷強調(diào)句型與其它從句的方法。It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yes

2、terday.It was in the street that I met her father.2. It is not until + 被強調(diào)部分 + that .該句型也是強調(diào)句型。 主要用于強凋時間狀語, 譯成漢語直到 才,可以說是 not .until . 的強調(diào)形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a fam

3、ous film star.= I didn t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain.) that .該句型中 it 是形式主語,真正的主語是 that 引導的主語從句,常譯為清楚（顯然,真的,肯定） 是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。It is very clear that he s round and tall like a tree.= That he s round and tall l

4、ike a tree is very clear.4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) that .該句型和上一個同屬一個句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同, that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + 動詞原形）, should 可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。It is important that we (should) learn English well.It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.5. It is said (repor

5、ted, learned.) that .該句型中的 it 仍是形式主語,真正主語是 that 引導的主語從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為據(jù)說（據(jù)報道,據(jù)悉）。It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.16. It is suggested ( ordered . ) that .該句型和上一個同屬一個句型。主句中的過去分詞是表示請求,建議,命令等詞時, that 后的從句要用虛擬語氣 （should + 動詞原形） ,should 可以

6、省。 常譯為據(jù)建議； 有命令 ）It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off.It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours.7. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that .該句型中, that 后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（ should + 動詞原形）, should 可省去表示出乎意料,常譯為竟然。沒有這種意義時,則不用虛擬語氣。It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in yo

7、ur class.這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上,真是遺憾！It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了,真遺憾！8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that .該句型中 that 后的從句應該用虛擬語氣, 值得注意的是 常用過去時態(tài)表示虛擬 有時也用 should + 動詞原形, should 不能省。常譯為是（正是）的時侯。It is time that children should go to bed.= It is time that children went to bed.9. It is the first ( sec

8、ond . ) time that .該句型要和上一個句型區(qū)別開來。該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語氣,而用完成時態(tài)。至于用什么完成時態(tài), 由主句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)決定。 如果是一般現(xiàn)在時, 后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；如果是一般過去時, 后面從句則用過去完成時態(tài)。 該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去； it 有時用 this 替換常譯為是第一（二）次。It is the first time I have been here.= This is the first time I have been here.10. It is . since .該句型主要用作處理瞬間動詞的完成時,又要和表示一段時間

9、的時間狀語連用的問題。主句中是時間作表語,其時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時或完成時, since 引導的從句通常是一般過去時態(tài),而且是瞬間動詞。如果主句是一般過去時,從句則用過去完成時。It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.11. It is . when .2該句型中的 when 引導的是一個時間狀語從句,主句中的 it 指時間,表語由具體的時間充當。常譯為當?shù)臅r候,是。It was 5 o o cckl when he came here.12. It be . before .該句型主句中的 it 指時間 , 主句中的時態(tài)常是將來一般時或過去時兩

10、種時態(tài) 主句中的表語多是 long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示時間段的詞或短語。常譯為之后。It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.It will be not long before he finishes his job.13. It happens (seems, looks, appears ) that.該句型中 it 是形式主語, that 引導的是主語從句,主句中的 happen , seem 等詞是不及物動詞It happened ( so happened ) that he met his tea

11、cher in the street. 碰巧It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看來14. It takes sb. . to do sth.該句型中的不定式是真正的主語, it 是形式主語, 句型中的直接賓語是時間。 常譯為做 要花費某人。It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.15. It is no good (use ) doing sth.該句型中的真正主語是動名詞短語, 主句中的表語可以是 no good , ( not any good )

12、, no use ,( not any use ) 。It is no good learning English without speaking English.16. It doesn t matter whether ( if ) .該句型中 whether(if) 引導的從句是真正主語,該句型常譯為 不論（是否）沒關(guān)系。It doesn t matter if they are old.17. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語,如果不定式的邏輯主語是由 of 引起,主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。常見的有：

13、 bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish ,3good （ 好心的）, honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice （有教養(yǎng)的）, polite, rude ,silly , stupid , wise , wrong （錯誤的）等。 這個句型可以改寫為： sb. is kind to do sth.It is kind of you to say so.= You are kind to say so.18. It is necessary ( for sb. )

14、 to do sth.該句型與上一個同屬一個句型。如果不定式的邏輯主語是由 for 引起,主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性, 緊迫性, 頻繁程度, 難易, 安全等情況的形容詞。 常見的形容詞有： important,necessary, natural easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual,rare , impossible , pleasant 等。在中的形容詞作表語可以用從句改寫, 如：It is important for her to come to the party.= It is

15、 important that she (should ) come to the party19. It looks ( seems ) as if .該句型中 it 無意義。 as if 引導一個狀語從句。常譯為,看起來好象如果與事實不相符合,則用虛擬語氣It looks as if he is ill. （真的病了）It looks as if he were ill. （沒有生?。㊣t seemed as if he were dying.20. We think it important to learn a foreign language.該句型中的 it 作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為 6123 結(jié)構(gòu)。6 指主句中常用的動詞： think, believe, make, find, consider, feel ；1 指的是