1、八年級英語（仁愛版）上冊語言點歸納 Unit1 Sports and Games Topic1 Are you going to play basketball 1.see sb.do sth “看見某人做了某事” 強調動作的全過程,常與every day; often等連用. See sb. Doing sth.“看見某人正在做某事”強調動作正在進行. Eg:I saw you play basketball almost everyday during the summer holidays. I often see him draw pictures near the river.我常看

2、見她在河邊畫畫. I saw her go across the street. 我看見她過了馬路 I saw her going across the street. 我看見她正在過馬路. 類似的有watch,hear,feel等這類感觀動詞. 2.join sb.表示“加入某人的行列”“和某人在一起” join+組織 表示“加入某個組織” take part in 表示“參加/出席某個活動” 如:Will you join us? I will join the skiing club. She is planning to take part in the high jump. 3.pr

3、efer to更喜歡（to是介詞，后接名詞、V-ing形式） Eg：She prefers fish to meat. She prefers playing the piano to playing the guitar. 4.arrive in+大地點arrive at+小地點 get to+地點=reach+地點 如:My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday. I arrived at the Great Wall.=I got to the Great Wall.=I reached the Great Wall. 注意:reach here/ther

4、e/home=get here/there/home=arrive here/there/home 5.leave離開 Leave for動身去/離開到 如:They are leaving Beijing tomorrow. 明天他們要離開北京. They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. 后天他們要前往日本. 6.a few “幾個;一些” 修飾可數名詞 a little “一點點” 修飾不數名詞 如: There are a few eggs in the basket. There is a little water in th

5、e bottle. 7.how long 表示“多久(時間)”; 提問時間段. how often 表示 “多常; 多久一次”; 提問時間的頻率. 如: They will stay in Beijing for a week. How long will they stay in Beijing He plays basketball twice a week. How often does he play basketball 8.be good at (doing) sth. = do well in (doing) sth. 擅長于(做)某事 如: She is good at (pl

6、aying) baseball. = She does well in (playing) baseball. 9.make sth/sb + adj. 使某物(某人)在某種狀態 keep sth/sb + adj. 保持某物(某人)在某種狀態 如: Playing soccer can make your body strong. Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy. 重點語法 一般將來時： （一）be going to 結構: 表示主語進行某一將來行動的打算、意圖。這種打算常經過預先考慮并含有自己做好某些準備的意思，

7、因此通常認為用be going to表達的行動很可能會見諸實踐。 如：Im going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday. 我打算本周日和同學們一起打籃球。 She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. 她打算為她媽媽買一件毛衣。 表預測。指根據跡象推測，而且馬上或很快就要發生。 如：Look at those clouds. Its going to rain. 瞧那些烏云！快要下雨了！ （二） will + 動詞原形：表示單純的將來事實，常與表將來的時間狀語如:tomorrow,

8、 soon, later, next time(week/month/year)等連用。will not = wont; 縮略形式為ll. 表示作出立即的決定。這種意圖并未經過事先的考慮或計劃，是臨時的一種決定。 如：a. -Please put your things away, Tom. 湯姆，把你的東西收拾好。 -Im sorry. Ill do it right away. 對不起。我馬上就去做。 b. -Would you like coffee or tea 您要咖啡還是茶？ -I will have a cup of tea,please. 我要一杯茶。 c. Dont worr

9、y. Ill help you. 別擔心。我會幫你的。 表示預測。指說話人對于將來的看法、假設和推測。 如： Im sure our team will win next time. 我確信下次我們隊會贏。 Maybe she will go to the gym. 也許她會去體育館。 表示許諾。如： Ill do better next time. 下次我會做得更好的。 Ill visit you tomorrow. 明天我會去看你的。 句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon. 否定句：I/She/He/They wont go

10、to play baseball soon. 一般疑問句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon 回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they wont. （三）動詞plan, come, go, leave, fly等用現在進行時表示將要發生的事. 如： Im coming. 我就來。 He is leaving for Shanghai. 他將到上海去。 We are going to Beijing. 我們將去北京。 Topic 2 Would you mind teaching me 1

11、.ill 與 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表語而既可作表語也可作定語. 如: The man is ill/sick. 那個男人病了. (作表語) He is a sick man. 他是個病人. (作定語) 2.Would you mind (not) doing sth 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好嗎 ” 如: Would you mind coming and checking it 來修理它好嗎 Would you mind not smoking here 不要在這兒吸煙好/介意嗎 3. one of + 名詞復數 表示 “其中之一”, 主語是one,表單數.謂語動詞用單數

12、。 如: One of my teammates is strong and tall. 其中我的一個隊友又高又壯。 4. miss “錯過,思念,遺失” 如: I missed the last bus yesterday. 昨天我錯過最后一班車. He missed his mother. 他想念他的母親. My God! I missed(=lost) my key. 天啊! 我把鑰匙弄丟了. 5. do ones best 盡某人的最大努力 = try ones best We do our best to finish the task. 6. be sure to do sth.

13、= be sure that + 句子 “確定做某事” 如: We are sure to win next time. = We are sure that we will win next time. 我們確信下次一定會贏。 7. be sorry for “為某事抱歉” be sorry to do sth. = be sorry (that) + 句子 “很抱歉做了某事” 如: I am very sorry for what I said. 我為我所說的話感到抱歉. Im sorry I lost your book. = Im sorry to lose your book.很抱歉

14、弄丟你的書。 8. tired adj. “（感到）疲憊的” , 主語是人 如: I feel tired today. 今天我感到累了. tiring adj. “令人疲勞的”, 主語是事物 如:This job is tiring. 這份工作令人疲憊. 類似的有: excited 感到興奮的 exciting 令人興奮的 interested 感到有趣的 interesting 有趣的 9. 15-year-old “15歲的” 15 years old “15歲” 如: He is a 15-year-old boy. = The boy is 15 years old. 類似用法: 2

15、.5-mile / 2.5 miles 10. instead “替代;相反”, 一般單獨使用,放在句末,前面用逗號隔開. instead of“替代;而不,相反” 如: I wont go to Shanghai. Ill go to Beijing, instead. 我不會去上海而會去北京. = Ill go to Beijing instead of Shanghai. I drank a lot of milk instead of water. 我喝了許多牛奶而不是水. have fun doing sth. = enjoy doing sth. 表示 “從做.中獲得樂趣” 如:

16、I have great fun running. = I enjoy running.我總能在跑步中得到很大樂趣。 Topic 3 Which sport will you take part in 1. be ready for 為準備 = prepare for Eg：We are ready for the final exam = We are preparing for the final exam 2. encourage 鼓勵 (to + V ) Eg：We should encourage children to look after themselves. 3. take

17、/ do exercise 做鍛煉 Eg：They often takes / does exercise in the morning. 4. group up 長大 Eg：What are you going to be when you grow up. bring up : 撫養 5. a symbol of代表 = stand for Eg： The Tang costume stands for Chinese fashion culture and the long history of China. The Tang costume is a symbol of Chinese

18、 fashion culture and the long history of China. 6. at least 至少 at most 至多 Eg：We need at least another two days to finish the task. There are 1000 students in this school at most. 7. fill out + 名詞 “填好” fill + 名詞/代詞+out 如: Please fill out this form. = Please fill this form out. 請填好這張表格. Please fill it

19、/them out. (當賓語是代詞時, 只能放中間) 請把它(們)填好. 8. be afraid “恐怕” 指有禮貌地、委婉地拒絕別人. be afraid of “害怕(做)” 如: Im afraid I wont be free. 我恐怕沒有空. He is afraid of dogs. 他害怕狗. They are afraid of losing the game. 他們害怕輸了比賽. 9. may be “可能是” may是情態動詞 + be maybe “或許; 可能” maybe是副詞 如: He may be a teacher. = Maybe he is a tea

20、cher. 他可能是一名老師. He may know her name. = Maybe he knows her name. 他可能知道她的名字. 10. between 在兩者之間 among 在三者或三者當中 如: The answer is between A and B. 答案在A和B 之間. The winner is among of us. 獲勝者在我們當中. Unit 2 Keeping Healthy Topic 1 How are you feeling today 1. 身體某個部位 + ache，表身體某處疼痛。 如: headache 頭痛 backache 背痛

21、 stomachache 胃痛 toothache 牙痛 2. medicine “藥”（為不可數名詞） pill “藥片” （為可數名詞） 如: take some medicine 吃些藥 take some cold pills 吃些感冒藥 3. with “含有” without “沒有” Eg：hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶 coffee with sugar and milk 加糖和牛奶 mooncake with eggs 含雞蛋的月餅 Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中國清茶 Go

22、to school without (eating) breakfast. 沒吃早飯去上學。 4. well 康復 well 是副詞，修飾動詞。作為形容詞來用時，是“身體健康”的意思。 Eg：She dances well.( well是副詞) Take care of you ，youll be well soon.( well是形容詞) good是形容詞，“好的” eg：He is a good boy. 5. Youd better go to see a doctor. 你最好去看醫生 see a doctor 看醫生 had better (not) do sth 最好（不）做某事

23、Eg：Youd better ask your teacher for help You have a fever，Lets see a doctor. Your leg is hurt ，youd better not move. 6. have a rest 休息一下 Eg:You look tired ,why not have a rest 7. until “直到為止” ; 句中動詞一般為延續性動詞 not until “直到才” ; 句中動詞一般為短暫性動詞 如: He will wait for his father until ten oclock. 他將等他父親一直到10點為

24、止. He wont leave until his father comes . 直到他父親來他才離開. 8. plenty of “充足;大量” 既可修飾可數名詞也可修飾不可數名詞, 只用于肯定句, 相當于a lot of/ lots of many “許多”, 修飾可數名詞 much “許多”, 修飾不可數名詞 如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water. 你應該喝大量的開水. You shouldnt drink so much water. 你不應該喝這么多水. I have many/lots of/a lot of/p

25、lenty of books. 我有許多水. Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking. 1. be good for 對有益 be bad for 對有害 如: Swimming is good for health. 游泳對健康有益. Reading in strong sunlight is bad for the eyes. 在強烈的陽光下看書對眼睛有害. 2. enough adj. “足夠的” 修飾名詞時, 既可放在名詞之前, 也可放在名詞之后.(但通常放在名詞之前) 如: I have enough time/ time enough t

26、o finish this work. 我有足夠的時間完成這項工作. There is enough food in the fridge. 冰箱里有足夠的食物. adv. “足夠地” 修飾形容詞或副詞時, 均放在所修飾詞的后面. 如: He is tall enough to reach the apple. 他足夠高,能夠得著蘋果. He speaks clearly enough. 他講得足夠清楚. 3. need “需要, 必需” 作實義動詞: need sth. 需要某物 need to do sth. 需要做某事 如: I need some help. 我需要一些幫助. You

27、need to see a doctor. 你需要去看醫生. He needs to take a bus. 他需要去搭車. 作情態動詞: need + 動詞原形 如: If she wants anything, she only need ask. 她想要什么東西, 只要開口就行了. You neednt finish this work today. 你不必今天完成這項工作. 4. too much + 不可數名詞 表“太多的” much too + 形容詞 表“太”，much 起加強語氣作用 如：Dont eat too much meat. 不要吃太多的肉。 He is much t

28、oo fat. 他實在太胖了。 5. give up 放棄 Eg|：In order to keep healthy，you must give up smoking and drinking. 6. Staying up late is bad for your health. 熬夜有害你的健康. (V-ing短語做主語) staying up （late）熬夜 （到很晚） 6. throw about 亂扔 Eg：We shouldnt throw litter about. 7. in public 公共的 Eg：We shouldnt smoke in public. 8. more

29、than 超過 less than 少于 Eg：There are more than 1000 students in that school. I do morning exercise less than three times a week. 9. must “必須, 一定” 如: We must study hard. 我們必須努力學習. must表示推測時一般用于肯定句；在疑問句和否定句中一般應用can,否定句中也可用功ay,但may not表示“可能不”，而cant表示“不可能”； (4）否定句中，mustnt表示禁止，意為“不允許”。以must開頭的疑問句，肯定回答應用must

30、，而否定回答則常用neednt,neednt表示“不需要、不必”，相當于dont have to。如： Theres someone knocking on the door. It must he Jim. 有人敲門。肯定是吉姆。 Eg -Must we keep the windows open all the time -No, we dont have to. / No, we neednt. (注意回答時不能用No, we mustnt.) * have to “不得不,必須”, 側重表示因客觀條件或客觀環境的迫使而不得不做某事（可用于各種時態） 如：Its too late. I

31、have to go now. 太遲了.現在我得走了. I had to borrow some money at that time. 那時我不得不借了一些錢. Topic 3 We should do to fight SARS 1. hurry up 趕快 2. be on TV 上電視 Eg：He is on TV 3. go ahead 向前走 ； 著手干 Eg：Go ahead and you will find a bank. -Mr. Wang ,I want to ask you a question. -Go ahead. 4. build up 使強健 Eg:We mus

32、t do as much exercise as we can to build up our bodies. 5. take care of 照顧 = look after Eg: The boy is too young to take care of himself. = The boy is too young to look after himself. 6. Its my duty to save the patients. 挽救病人是我的職責。 Its my duty to do sth 做是我的責任 Eg：Its our duty to keep the classroom c

33、lean. 7. on 通過，使用 Eg：Now，more and more students learn English on Internet. 8. Long time no see. 好久不見。 9. talk with sb. 表 “與交流” , 指 “與人平等地交流、討論” talk to sb. 表示 “找某人談話” , 在口語中常 “責備某人” 如: Jims father is talking with the teacher. 吉姆的父親正在和老師交談. I will talk to him about his careless. 我要找他談話,批評他的粗心大意. 10.

34、teach oneself 自學 = learn by oneself Eg：His family is too poor to afford his education ,so he teach himself after school. 11. enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高興 12. help sb (to) do sth = help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 如: I helped my mother cook at home. = I helped my mother with the cook at home. 我在家幫

35、我母親做飯. Unit3 Our Hobbies Topic 1 What hobbies did you use to have 1. What beautiful stamps!(Page 53)哇，那么漂亮的郵票！ what引導的感嘆句 （1）. What +a(an)形容詞可數名詞的單數形式主語十 謂語！ What a beautiful girl she is！ 她是一個多么漂亮的女孩呀！ （2）. What形容詞可數名詞的復數形式主語謂語！ 女日： What important jobs they have done！ 他們做了多么重要的工作呀！ （3）. What形容詞不可數名詞

36、主語謂語！如： How sweet water it is！多甜的水呀！ how引導的感嘆句 （1）. How十形容詞或副詞主語謂語！如： How interesting the dog is！多么有趣的狗呀！ （2）. How形容詞a/an可數名詞的單數形式主語謂語！如： How useful a subject they are learning！ 他們正在學的科目多么有用呀！ （3）. How主語謂語！如： How time flies！時間過得真快呀！ 技巧總結：從后往前劃出主語、謂語，然后看前部的中心詞，名詞用what ，形容詞、副詞用how。 2. We can learn a l

37、ot about people, places, history, and special times from stamps. (Page 53)通過這些郵票我們可以學到許多關于人文、地理、歷史和特殊時代的知識。 a lot “許多、大量”，用在動詞后，同very much。如: eg： She had told me a lot about how to learn English well. 另外，a lot of 和lots of 的意思也是“許多、大量”，要用在名詞前，在肯定句中常代替much，many。Eg：There are a lot of / lots of history

38、books in the room.屋里有許多歷史書。 There is still a lot of / lots of snow on top of the house.房上仍有許多雪。 a lot of和lots of之間沒有多大區別，都可以與可數名詞和不可數名詞連用。與不可數名詞連用時，動詞用單數，與可數名詞連用時，動詞用復數。見上述例句。 3. What things do you love collecting (Page 53)你喜歡集什么東西？ love + doing表示“喜歡、愛好”，也可以用like+ doing表示。如： 1）I love listening to th

39、e music.我愛好聽音樂。 5.I am interested in playing sports. (Page 54)我對運動感興趣。 be interested in (doing) sth. “對感興趣”如: I am interested in reading books.我對讀書特別感興趣。 Jack is interested in football.杰克對足球很感興趣。 6.What do you often do in your spare time 在你的業余時間里面你都做些什么啊？ in ones spare time “在業余時間”“在閑暇之際”，也可用in ones

40、 free time替換。如: eg：I shall do it in my spare time. 我會在我的業余時間做這件事。 In my free time I often go to the movies.在閑暇之際，我常去看電影。 7. I often go fishing. (Page 55)我經常去釣魚。 go + doing表示“去做某事” go +v-ing結構很常用，多用于體育活動和業余娛樂活動。如: 1)Lets go fishing next Sunday.下星期天我們去釣魚吧。 2)Are you going hiking this weekend 這個周末你打算去遠

41、足嗎？ 另外還有：go hunting 去打獵 go shooting 去射擊 go swimming 去游泳 go bathing 去沐浴 go shopping 去購物 go climbing 去爬山 8.And I do a lot of reading. 我通常都是閱讀一些書籍。 在英語中有不少由“do + doing”的結構，表示“干某事”。如： 散步 do some walking do a lot of walking 讀書 do some reading do a lot of reading 洗衣服 do some washing do a lot of washing 買東

42、西 do some shopping do a lot of shopping 清掃 do some cleaning do a lot of cleaning 9. Why not go out and do some outdoor activities 為什么不走出去做一些戶外運動呢？用why not do sth 用來征求對方的意見或表達建議。使用這種句子必須要有上下文，如： Why not run a little faster 為什么不跑快一點呢？ 11. And I wasnt interested in sports at all. 我對運動一點興趣都沒有。 not.at al

43、l “一點也不”；“全然不”。如： 1）I didnt mind it at all. 我一點也不在意。 2）Thank you for helping me.謝謝你幫助我。Not at all.沒關系。 12. I used to know little about paintings. 我過去不太懂繪畫。 little和few都含有否定的意思。表示“不多”；“很少”。little相當于not much, few相當于not many。little與不可數名詞連用, few與可數名詞復數連用。如： I have little time.我的時間很少。 Few people would agr

44、ee with him.沒有多少人同意他。 而a little和a few含有肯定的意思，表示“一些”；“幾個”（雖然少，但有一些）。如： Theres a little water in the glass.杯子里還有點兒水。 I still have a few friends in Beijing.我在北京還有幾個朋友。 13. I enjoy listening to rock music. (Page 56)我喜歡聽搖滾音樂。 enjoy意為“喜歡，欣賞”，含有“樂于、享受之樂趣”之意，其后可以跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。enjoy oneself表示“玩得愉快”之意。 The Gr

45、eens enjoy living in China.格林一家喜歡在中國居住。 Did you enjoy yourself in the zoo 你在動物園玩得愉快嗎？ Many foreigners enjoy Chinese food.很多外國人喜歡中國菜。 prefer意為“寧愿、更喜歡”，用于兩者之間的選擇，其后可跟名詞、代詞、動名詞或不定式。prefer.to.表示“寧愿，不愿”，“喜歡而不喜歡”，其中to為介詞，后可跟名詞或動名詞。如： Which do you prefer, tea or coffee 你比較喜歡喝茶，還是喝咖啡？ I prefer walking to cy

46、cling. 我喜歡步行勝過騎單車。 My brother likes maths, but I prefer English. 我哥哥喜歡數學，而我更喜歡英語。 14. Did you use to go swimming during summer vacations 在暑假里，你過去經常去游泳么？ during “在的期間、在的時候”。如： eg The sun gives us light during the daytime.太陽在白天給我們陽光。 He called to see me during my absence.當我不在的時候他來訪過我。 15I used to do t

47、hat in the pond in front of my house. ( Page 57) 我過去常在我家門前的池塘里游泳。 in front of “在的前面”；指在物體外部的前面。而in the front of “的前部”；指在物體內部的前面，即前部。注意它們的區別。試比較： eg: There is a tall tree in front of my house. 我家房前有一棵大樹。 The driver is sitting in the front of the car.司機坐在汽車的前面。 16. When they are free, people usually d

48、o what they like. 當人們空閑的時候，他們總是做一些自己喜歡的事情。 free “有空、空閑”， be free可以替換為have time。如： eg: Are you free this evening = Do you have time this evening 你今天晚上有空嗎？ If I am free, I am going to visit the museum. = If I have time, I am going to visit the museum.如果有時間，我打算去參觀博物館。 17. such as 比如 Eg|：They also paint

49、 pictures or collect things such as coins, dolls or stamps. 他們也繪畫或者收集一些東西，例如：硬幣、娃娃或郵票。 eg: We study several subjects, such as Chinese, maths, English and physics. 我們學習很多的科目，比如語文、數學、英語和物理。 18. When people become old, hobbies can keep them healthy. When people are sick, hobbies can help them get well

50、sooner. 當人們變老的時候，愛好可以幫助他們保持健康。當人們身體虛弱的時候，愛好還可以幫助他們很快地康復。 本句中become, keep, be, 與get都是系動詞。系動詞的基本用法是其后加形容詞做表語。 三.語法學習 used to do sth. 這一結構表示過去的習慣（過去經常反復發生的動作）或狀態（暗含的意思是現在已不復存在），只有一種形式，即過去式，用于所有人稱。used to的否定形式為：used not to do或didnt use to do。疑問句為Used you to. 或 Did you use to. 如： eg: He used not to like

51、Peking opera, but now hes very fond of it. 他過去不喜歡京劇，但現在非常喜歡。 現在大多數人在口語中或不太正式的書面語中對否定句和疑問句常使用與do 連用的形式。例如： 1)I didnt use to like skating, but now I like it very much. 我過去不喜歡滑冰，但現在很喜歡。 2)Did you use to go there 你以往常去哪兒？ 3)There used to be a theatre here, didnt there 以前這里有一座劇院，是不是？ 另外，注意be used to doin

52、g sth.與used to do sth.的區別： be used to doing sth “習慣于，適應于”如: eg: He is used to working hard. 他習慣于努力地工作。 eg: He used to bring me roses when he came to see me. 過去他來看我時,常帶玫瑰花。 be used to do sth.“某物被用來做某事”。如： eg: Computers can be used to do a lot of work now. 如今電腦可用來做許多事. 3. He doesnt mind whether theyre

53、 good or not. 他并不介意它們是否是好的。 此句為以whether引導的賓語從句。whether.or not“不論是否”。如： eg: You have to get up early everyday whether it rains or not. 你必須天天早點起床，不論是否下雨。 if與whether的區別。 whether 后可緊接or not，而if一般不能。 eg: Let me know whether or not you can come. 你能來還是不能來，請告訴我一聲。 whether引導的賓語從句可移到主句前，if則不能。如： eg: Whether t

54、his is true or not, I can not say. 這件事是否真實，我說不上。 不定式前用whether，不用if。如： I havent decided whether to go to the cinema or to stay at home. 介詞后可用whether，不用if。如： I havent settled the question of whether Ill go back home.我是否回家還沒有定。 Topic2 What sweet music! 1. What kind of musical instrument can you play (Page 62)你會彈什么種類的樂器？ kind 是“種類，類型”的