1986年全國碩士研究生入學統(tǒng)一考試英語試題SECTIONISTRUCTUREANDVOCABULARYINEACHQUESTION,DECIDEWHICHOFTHEFOURCHOICESGIVENWILLMOSTSUITABLYCOMPLETETHESENTENCEIFINSERTEDATTHEPLACEMARKEDPUTYOURCHOICEINTHEBRACKETSONTHELEFT15POINTSEXAMPLEIWASCAUGHT_THERAINYESTERDAYAINBBYCWITHDATANSWERA1NODOCTORSCOULDCURETHEPATIENT_HISSTRANGEDISEASEAWITHBOFCFROMDOFF2HEWASHISWITSEND_WHATTODOAINBONCATDOF3PRIOR_HISDEPARTURE,HEADDRESSEDALETTERTOHISDAUGHTERATOBOFCINDFROM4THEDRIVINGINSTRUCTORTOLDMETOPULL_ATTHEPOSTOFFICEAUPBBACKCROUNDDALONG5WHENTHERESADOUBT,THECHAIRMANSDECISIONIS_ARIGHTBDEFINITECFIXEDDFINAL6WECANRELYONWILLIAMTOCARRYOUTTHISMISSION,FORHISJUDGMENTISALWAYS_AUNQUESTIONABLEBSOUNDCSUBTLEDHEALTHY7THENOISEOFTHEPLANEDIED_INTHEDISTANCEAAWAYBOUTCDOWNDOFF8HOSPITALDOCTORSDONTGOOUTVERYOFTENASTHEIRWORK_ALLTHEIRTIMEATAKESAWAYBTAKESINCTAKESOVERDTAKESUP9ATTENDANCESATFOOTBALLMATCHESHAVE_SINCETHECOMINGOFTELEVISIONADROPPEDINBDROPPEDDOWNCDROPPEDOFFDDROPPEDOUT10AFTERTHEDEATHOFTHEIRPARENTS,THESISTERSGOTWELL_ANDNEVERQUARRELEDAAWAYBINCALONGDOUT11THEYALWAYSGIVETHEVACANTSEATSTO_COMESFIRSTAWHOBWHOMCWHOEVERDWHOMEVER12ADVERTISINGISDISTINGUISHEDFROMOTHERFORMSOFCOMMUNICATION_THEADVERTISERPAYSFORTHEMESSAGETOBEDELIVEREDAINTHATBINWHICHCINORDERTHATDINTHEWAY13HEIS_OFANACTORAANYBODYBANYONECSOMEBODYDSOMETHING14THECAPTAINAPOLOGIZED_TOTELLUSMOREABOUTTHEACCIDENTAFORTOBEUNABLEBTHATHEWASUNABLECTOBEUNABLEDFORBEINGUNABLE15_ISNOREASONFORDISCHARGINGHERABECAUSESHEWASAFEWMINUTESLATEBOWINGTOAFEWMINUTESBEINGLATECTHEFACTTHATSHEWASAFEWMINUTESLATEDBEINGAFEWMINUTESLATESECTIONIICLOSETESTFOREACHNUMBEREDBLANKINTHEFOLLOWINGPASSAGE,THEREAREFOURCHOICESLABELEDA,B,CANDDCHOOSETHEBESTONEANDPUTYOURCHOICEINTHEBRACKETSBELOWTHEPASSAGEREADTHEWHOLEPASSAGEBEFOREMAKINGYOURCHOICES10POINTSONWEDNESDAYAFTERNOONSANNIETOOKTHEBUSINTOTOWNTOSHOPINTHEMARKETFORANHOUROR_16_SHEWOULDWALKUPANDDOWNBETWEENTHESTALLSLOOKINGATEVERYTHING,BUYINGHEREANDTHERE,AND_17_ASHARPLOOKOUTFORTHEBARGAINSTHATWERESOMETIMESTOBEHADANDTHEN,WITHALLTHETHINGSSHENEEDED_18_SHEWOULDLEAVETHEMARKETFORTHESTREETSOFTHETOWNTOSPENDANOTHERHOUR_19_SHELIKEDBESTLOOKINGINFURNITURESHOPWINDOWSONEWEDNESDAYSHEFOUNDANEWSHOPFULLOFTHEMOSTDELIGHTFULTHINGS,WITHANOTICEINVITINGANYONETOWALKINANDLOOK_20_WITHOUTFEELINGTHEYHADTOBUYSOMETHINGANNIEHESITATEDFORAMOMENTBEFORESTEPPINGTHROUGHTHEDOORWAYWHERE,ALMOSTATONCE,SHESTOPPED_21_BEFOREAGREENARMCHAIRTHEREWASACARDONTHECHAIRWHICHSAID“THISFINECHAIRISYOURS_22_LESSTHANAPOUNDAWEEK,”ANDVERYSMALLATTHEBOTTOM,“CASHPRICEEIGHTYNINEPOUNDSFIFTY”APOUNDAWEEK_23_,SHECOULDALMOSTPAYTHATOUTOFHERHOUSEKEEPINGMONEYANDNEVERMISSITAVOICEATHERSHOULDERMADEHER_24_“CANIHELPYOU,MADAM”SHELOOKEDROUNDATTHEASSISTANTWHOHADCOMESOFTLYTOHER_25_“OH,WELL,NO,”SHESAID“IWASJUSTLOOKING”“WEVECHAIRSOFALLKINDSINTHESHOWROOMIFYOULLJUSTCOMEUP,YOUWILLFINDSOMETHINGTOSUITYOU”ANNIE,WORRIEDATTHETHOUGHTOFBEINGPERSUADEDTOBUYSOMETHINGSHEDIDNTNEED,LEFTTHESHOPHURRIEDLY16ASOBMORECELSEDANOTHER17ATAKINGBMAKINGCFIXINGDKEEPING18ABUYBBOUGHTCBUYINGDTOHAVEBOUGHT19AINAWAYBBYTHEWAYCINTHEWAYDONTHEWAY20ABEHINDBROUNDCBACKDON21ADOUBTEDBWONDEREDCPUZZLEDDDELIGHTED22AATBFORCWITHDIN23AWHYBWHENCHOWDWHAT24AJUMPBLEAPCLAUGHDWONDER25APLACEBBACKCSIDEDFRONTSECTIONIIIREADINGCOMPREHENSIONEACHOFTHETWOPASSAGESBELOWISFOLLOWEDBYFIVEQUESTIONSFOREACHQUESTIONTHEREAREFOURANSWERSREADTHEPASSAGESCAREFULLYANDCHOOSETHEBESTANSWERTOEACHOFTHEQUESTIONSPUTYOURCHOICEINTHEBRACKETSONTHELEFT10POINTSTEXT1THEREAREAGREATMANYCAREERSINWHICHTHEINCREASINGEMPHASISISONSPECIALIZATIONYOUFINDTHESECAREERSINENGINEERING,INPRODUCTION,INSTATISTICALWORK,ANDINTEACHINGBUTTHEREISANINCREASINGDEMANDFORPEOPLEWHOAREABLETOTAKEINGREATAREAATAGLANCE,PEOPLEWHOPERHAPSDONOTKNOWTOOMUCHABOUTANYONEFIELDTHEREIS,INOTHERWORDS,ADEMANDFORPEOPLEWHOARECAPABLEOFSEEINGTHEFORESTRATHERTHANTHETREES,OFMAKINGGENERALJUDGMENTSWECANCALLTHESEPEOPLE“GENERALISTS”ANDTHESE“GENERALISTS”AREPARTICULARLYNEEDEDFORPOSITIONSINADMINISTRATION,WHEREITISTHEIRJOBTOSEETHATOTHERPEOPLEDOTHEWORK,WHERETHEYHAVETOPLANFOROTHERPEOPLE,TOORGANIZEOTHERPEOPLESWORK,TOBEGINITANDJUDGEITTHESPECIALISTUNDERSTANDSONEFIELDHISCONCERNISWITHTECHNIQUEANDTOOLSHEISA“TRAINED”MANANDHISEDUCATIONALBACKGROUNDISPROPERLYTECHNICALORPROFESSIONALTHEGENERALISTANDESPECIALLYTHEADMINISTRATORDEALSWITHPEOPLEHISCONCERNISWITHLEADERSHIP,WITHPLANNING,ANDWITHDIRECTIONGIVINGHEISAN“EDUCATED”MANANDTHEHUMANITIESAREHISSTRONGESTFOUNDATIONVERYRARELYISASPECIALISTCAPABLEOFBEINGANADMINISTRATORANDVERYRARELYISAGOODGENERALISTALSOAGOODSPECIALISTINPARTICULARFIELDANYORGANIZATIONNEEDSBOTHKINDSOFPEOPLE,THOUGHDIFFERENTORGANIZATIONSNEEDTHEMINDIFFERENTPROPORTIONSITISYOURTASKTOFINDOUT,DURINGYOURTRAININGPERIOD,INTOWHICHOFTHETWOKINDSOFJOBSYOUFIT,ANDTOPLANYOURCAREERACCORDINGLYYOURFIRSTJOBMAYTURNOUTTOBETHERIGHTJOBFORYOUBUTTHISISPUREACCIDENTCERTAINLYYOUSHOULDNOTCHANGEJOBSCONSTANTLYORPEOPLEWILLBECOMESUSPICIOUSOFYOURABILITYTOHOLDANYJOBATTHESAMETIMEYOUMUSTNOTLOOKUPONTHEFIRSTJOBASTHEFINALJOBITISPRIMARILYATRAININGJOB,ANOPPORTUNITYTOUNDERSTANDYOURSELFANDYOURFITNESSFORBEINGANEMPLOYEE26THEREISANINCREASINGDEMANDFOR_AALLROUNDPEOPLEINTHEIROWNFIELDSBPEOPLEWHOSEJOBISTOORGANIZEOTHERPEOPLESWORKCGENERALISTSWHOSEEDUCATIONALBACKGROUNDISEITHERTECHNICALORPROFESSIONALDSPECIALISTSWHOSECHIEFCONCERNISTOPROVIDEADMINISTRATIVEGUIDANCETOOTHERS27THESPECIALISTIS_AAMANWHOSEJOBISTOTRAINOTHERPEOPLEBAMANWHOHASBEENTRAINEDINMORETHANONEFIELDSCAMANWHOCANSEETHEFORESTRATHERTHANTHETREESDAMANWHOSECONCERNISMAINLYWITHTECHNICALORPROFESSIONALMATTERS28THEADMINISTRATORIS_AA“TRAINED”MANWHOISMOREASPECIALISTTHANAGENERALISTBAMANWHOSEESTHETREESASWELLASTHEFORESTCAMANWHOISVERYSTRONGINTHEHUMANITIESDAMANWHOISAN“EDUCATED”SPECIALIST29DURINGYOURTRAININGPERIOD,ITISIMPORTANT_ATOTRYTOBEAGENERALISTBTOCHOOSEAPROFITABLEJOBCTOFINDANORGANIZATIONWHICHFITSYOUDTODECIDEWHETHERYOUAREFITTOBEASPECIALISTORAGENERALIST30AMANSFIRSTJOB_AISNEVERTHERIGHTJOBFORHIMBSHOULDNOTBEREGARDEDASHISFINALJOBCSHOULDNOTBECHANGEDORPEOPLEWILLBECOMESUSPICIOUSOFHISABILITYTOHOLDANYJOBDISPRIMARILYANOPPORTUNITYTOFITHIMSELFFORHISFINALJOBTEST2ATTHEBOTTOMOFTHEWORLDLIESAMIGHTYCONTINENTSTILLWRAPPEDINTHEICEAGEAND,UNTILRECENTTIMES,UNKNOWNTOMANITISAGREATLANDMASSWITHMOUNTAINRANGESWHOSEEXTENTANDELEVATIONARESTILLUNCERTAINMUCHOFTHECONTINENTISACOMPLETEBLANKONOURMAPSMANHASEXPLORED,ONFOOT,LESSTHANONEPERCENTOFITSAREAANTARCTICADIFFERSFUNDAMENTALLYFROMTHEARCTICREGIONSTHEARCTICISANOCEAN,COVEREDWITHDRIFTINGPACKEDICEANDHEMMEDINBYTHELANDMASSESOFEUROPE,ASIA,ANDNORTHAMERICATHEANTARCTICISACONTINENTALMOSTASLARGEASEUROPEANDAUSTRALIACOMBINED,CENTEREDROUGHLYONTHESOUTHPOLEANDSURROUNDEDBYTHEMOSTUNOBSTRUCTEDWATERAREASOFTHEWORLDTHEATLANTIC,PACIFIC,ANDINDIANOCEANSTHECONTINENTALICESHEETISMORETHANTWOMILESHIGHINITSCENTRE,THUS,THEAIROVERTHEANTARCTICISFARMOREREFRIGERATEDTHANITISOVERTHEARCTICREGIONSTHISCOLDAIRCURRENTFROMTHELANDISSOFORCEFULTHATITMAKESTHENEARBYSEASTHESTORMIESTINTHEWORLDANDRENDERSUNLIVABLETHOSEREGIONSWHOSECOUNTERPARTSATTHEOPPOSITEENDOFTHEGLOBEAREINHABITEDTHUS,MORETHANAMILLIONPERSONSLIVEWITHIN2,000MILESOFTHENORTHPOLEINANAREATHATINCLUDESMOSTOFALASKA,SIBERIA,ANDSCANDINAVIAAREGIONRICHINFORESTANDMININGINDUSTRIESAPARTFROMAHANDFULOFWEATHERSTATIONS,WITHINTHESAMEDISTANCEOFTHESOUTHPOLETHEREISNOTASINGLETREE,INDUSTRY,ORSETTLEMENT31THEBESTTITLEFORTHISSELECTIONWOULDBE_AICELANDBLANDOFOPPORTUNITYCTHEUNKNOWNCONTINENTDUTOPIAATLAST32ATTHETIMETHISARTICLEWASWRITTEN,OURKNOWLEDGEOFANTARCTICAWAS_AVERYLIMITEDBVASTCFAIRLYRICHDNONEXISTENT33ANTARCTICAISBORDEREDBYTHE_APACIFICOCEANBINDIANOCEANCATLANTICOCEANDALLTHREE34THEANTARCTICISMADEUNINHABITABLEPRIMARILYBY_ACOLDAIRBCALMSEASCICEDLACKOFKNOWLEDGEABOUTTHECONTINENT35ACCORDINGTOTHISARTICLE_A2,000PEOPLELIVEONTHEANTARCTICCONTINENTBAMILLIONPEOPLELIVEWITHIN2,000MILESOFTHESOUTHPOLECWEATHERCONDITIONSWITHINA2,000MILERADIUSOFTHESOUTHPOLEMAKESETTLEMENTSIMPRACTICALDONLYAHANDFULOFNATIVESINHABITANTARCTICASECTIONIVSTRUCTUREANDVOCABULARYFILLINTHEBLANKSWITHTHEWORDSWHICHBESTCOMPLETETHESENTENCESPUTYOURCHOICESINTHEBRACKETSONTHELEFT10POINTSEXAMPLEITWASTHELARGESTEXPERIMENTWEHAVEEVERHADIT_SIXHOUSESAENDEDBFINISHEDCWASDLASTEDANSWERD36MUSICOFTEN_USOFEVENTSINTHEPASTAREMEMBERSBMEMORIZESCREMINDSDREFLECTS37IFITAKETHISMEDICINETWICEADAYITSHOULD_MYCOLDAHEATBCURECTREATDRECOVER38ICOULDJUSTSEEACARINTHEDISTANCE,BUTICOULDNT_WHATCOLOURITWASAMAKEOUTBLOOKTOCLOOKOUTDTAKEIN39ICOULDTELLHEWASSURPRISEDFROMTHE_ONHISFACEAAPPEARANCEBSHOCKCLOOKDSIGHT40THETOYBOATTURNEDOVERANDSANKTOTHE_OFTHEPOOLABASEBDEPTHCGROUNDDBOTTOM41MARYNEVERTELLSANYONEWHATSHEDOESFORA_AJOBBWORKCPROFESSIONDLIVING42THATBOYISSUCHAGOODVIOLINISTHEWILLPROBABLYMAKEQUITEA_FORHIMSELFASTARBCREDITCNAMEDCHARACTER43OLDPHOTOGRAPHSGIVEONEABRIEF_OFTHEPASTAGLANCEBGLIMPSECSIGHTDLOOK44THENOVELISTISAHIGHLY_PERSONAIMAGINABLEBIMAGINATIVECIMAGINARYDIMAGINED45ALTHOUGHTHEPAYISNOTGOOD,PEOPLEUSUALLYFINDSOCIALWORK_INOTHERWAYSAPAYABLEBRESPECTFULCGRATEFULDREWARDINGSECTIONVERRORDETECTIONANDCORRECTIONEACHQUESTIONCONSISTSOFASENTENCEWITHFOURUNDERLINEDPARTSWORDSORPHRASESTHESEPARTSARELABELEDA,B,C,ANDDCHOOSETHEPARTOFTHESENTENCETHATISINCORRECTANDPUTYOURCHOICEINTHEBRACKETSONTHELEFTTHEN,WITHOUTALTERINGTHEMEANINGOFTHESENTENCE,WRITEDOWNTHECORRECTWORDORPHRASEONTHELINEFOLLOWINGTHEBRACKETS10POINTSEXAMPLEYOUVETOHURRYUPIFYOUWANTTOBUYSOMETHINGBECAUSEATHERESBHARDLYSOMETHINGCLEFTDANSWERCANYTHING46THEPROFESSORTOLDTHEECONOMICSASTUDENTTHATHEDIDNTAPPROVEBINCHISTAKINGTHEADVANCEDCOURSEBEFOREDHEMADEAPASSINGMARKINECONOMICS147ALTHOUGHAGREATNUMBEROFHOUSESINTHATAREAARESTILLAINNEEDOFREPAIR,BTHEREHAVEBEENCIMPROVEMENTINTHEFACILITIESD48MRGILMOREISONEOFTHOSEMENWHOAPPEARSATOBEFRIENDLYBHOWEVER,ITISVERYHARDTODEALCWITHHIMD49TOUNDERSTANDTHESITUATIONCOMPLETELYAREQUIRESBMORETHOUGHTTHANHASGIVENCTHUSFARD50AGREATMANYAEDUCATORSFIRMLYBBELIEVETHATENGLISHISONEOFTHEPOORESTCTAUGHTSUBJECTSINHIGHSCHOOLSTODAYD51OFALLHISOUTDOORAACTIVITIESPAULLIKESFISHINGBESTOFALL,BBUTHEDOESNTENJOYCLEANINGCFISHINGRODSAFTERWARDSD52ISHOULDANOTHAVERECOGNIZEDTHEBMANEVENCYOUHADTOLDDMEHISNAME53INANHOURSATIMEIHADDONETHEWORKWITHBMYSATISFACTIONIGOTMYHATINCHALLANDSLIPPEDOUTUNNOTICEDD54THENEWHOTELHASERECTEDAABEAUTIFULBUILDINGWITHBRECREATIONAREASANDCONFERENCEFACILITIESONTHETOPFLOORINWHICHCTHEFINESTVIEWOFTHECITYCANBEOBTAINEDD55WHILEINAEUROPE,THETOURISTSENJOYEDTOBTHEIRHEARTSCCONTENTTHEWEATH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DE5EGGS,THOUGHNOURISHING,HAVE_OFFATCONTENTALARGENUMBERBALARGENUMBERCTHEHIGHAMOUNTDAHIGHAMOUNT6JIMALWAYS_HISCLASSMATESINADEBATEABACKSOUTBBACKSAWAYCBACKSUPDBACKSDOWN7MOSTOFTHEPEOPLEWHO_TWOWORLDWARSARESTRONGLYAGAINSTARMSRACEAHAVELIVEDOUTBHAVELIVEDTHROUGHCHAVELIVEDONDHAVELIVEDOFF8THEREAREMANYINCONVENIENCESTHATHAVETOBE_WHENYOUARECAMPINGAPUTUPBPUTUPWITHCPUTOFFDPUTAWAY9ISITTRUETHATTHOSEOLDHOUSESAREBEINGPULLEDDOWN_NEWOFFICEBLOCKSATOACCOMMODATEBTOPROVIDEFORCTOINCREASEDTOMAKEROOMFOR10BEINGINNOGREATHURRY,_AWEWENTTHELONGROUTEWITHSCENERYBTHELONG,SCENICROUTEWASOURPREFERENCECWETOOKTHELONGSCENICROUTEDOURPREFERENCEWASTAKINGTHELONG,SCENICROUTESECTIONIIREADINGCOMPREHENSIONEACHOFTHREEPASSAGESBELOWISFOLLOWEDBYFIVEQUESTIONSFOREACHQUESTIONTHEREAREFOURANSWERS,READTHEPASSAGECAREFULLYANDCHOOSETHEBESTANSWERTOEACHOFTHEQUESTIONPUTYOURCHOICEINTHEANSWERSHEET15POINTSTEXT1FORCENTURIESMENDREAMEDOFACHIEVINGVERTICALFLIGHTIN400ADCHINESECHILDRENPLAYEDWITHAFANLIKETOYTHATSPUNUPWARDSANDFELLBACKTOEARTHASROTATIONCEASEDLEONARDODAVINCICONCEIVETHEFIRSTMECHANICALAPPARATUS,CALLEDA“HELIX,”WHICHCOULDCARRYMANSTRAIGHTUP,BUTWASONLYADESIGNANDWASNEVERTESTEDTHEANCIENTDREAMWASFINALLYREALIZEDIN1940WHENARUSSIANENGINEERPILOTEDASTRANGELOOKINGCRAFTOFSTEELTUBINGWITHAROTATINGFANONTOPITROSEAWKWARDLYANDVERTICALLYINTOTHEAIRFROMASTANDINGSTART,HOVEREDAFEWFEETABOVETHEGROUND,WENTSIDEWAYSANDBACKWARDS,ANDTHENSETTLEDBACKTOEARTHTHEVEHICLEWASCALLEDAHELICOPTERIMAGINATIONSWEREFIREDMENDREAMEDOFGOINGTOWORKINTHEIROWNPERSONALHELICOPTERSPEOPLEANTICIPATETHATVERTICALFLIGHTTRANSPORTSWOULDCARRYMILLIONSOFPASSENGERSASDOTHEAIRLINERSOFTODAYSUCHFANTASTICEXPECTATIONSWERENOTFULFILLEDTHEHELICOPTERHASNOWBECOMEANEXTREMELYUSEFULMACHINEITEXCELSINMILITARYMISSIONS,CARRYINGTROOPS,GUNSANDSTRATEGICINSTRUMENTSWHEREOTHERAIRCRAFTCANNOTGOCORPORATIONSUSETHEMASAIRBORNEOFFICES,MANYMETROPOLITANAREASUSETHEMINPOLICEWORK,CONSTRUCTIONANDLOGGINGCOMPANIESEMPLOYTHEMINVARIOUSADVANTAGEOUSWAYS,ENGINEERSUSETHEMFORSITESELECTIONANDSURVEYING,ANDOILCOMPANIESUSETHEMASTHEBESTWAYTOMAKEOFFSHOREANDREMOTEWORKSTATIONSACCESSIBLETOCREWSANDSUPPLIESANYURGENTMISSIONTOAHARDTOGETTOPLACEISALIKELYTASKFORAHELICOPTERAMONGTHEIROTHERMULTITUDEOFUSEDDELIVERPEOPLEACROSSTOWN,FLYTOANDFROMAIRPORTS,ASSISTINRESCUEWORK,ANDAIDINTHESEARCHFORMISSINGORWANTEDPERSONS11PEOPLEEXPECTTHAT_ATHEAIRLINERSOFTODAYWOULDEVENTUALLYBEREPLACEDBYHELICOPTERSBHELICOPTERSWOULDSOMEDAYBEABLETOTRANSPORTLARGENUMBEROFPEOPLEFROMPLACETOPLACEASAIRLINERSARENOWDOINGCTHEIMAGINATIONSFIREDBYTHERUSSIANENGINEERSINVENTIONWOULDBECOMEAREALITYINTHEFUTUREDTHEIRFANTASTICEXPECTATIONSABOUTHELICOPTERSCOULDBEFULFILLEDBYAIRLINERSOFTODAY12HELICOPTERSWORKWITHTHEAIDOF_AACOMBINATIONOFROTATINGDEVICESINFRONTANDONTOPBAROTATINGDEVICETOPSIDECONEROTATINGFANINTHECEN