TableManners 演講者 張望舒 曾子恒制作者 王其梅 楊瑩 曾子恒 毛亞平 徐唯一英語10 1 Tableware餐具 Chopsticks Knivesandforks Dinnerknifebutterspreader 奶油刮刀 刀Fork saladfork dinnerfork dessertfork叉 餐叉分得很細 Goblet watergoblet redwinegoblet whitewinegoblet酒杯Spoon soupspoonteaspoon勺子Soupbowl碗Serviceordinnerplatebreadandbutterplate餐盤Napkin餐巾 ChopsticksareusedtoeatmostkindsofChinesefoods Holdyourchopstickstowardstheirend notinthemiddleorthefrontthirdwhendiningwiththem Whenyouarenotusingyourchopsticks orhavefinishedeating laythemdowninfrontofyouwiththetipstoleft butterspreader 奶油刮刀 餐具擺放 theplaceofthetableware Informalsettings allthesilverware glassware cups saucersandthelikeareplacedonthetable soit softendifficulttoknowwhichforktousewhenorwhichwaterglassisyours Asageneralruletothumb silverwareislinedupintheorderinwhichapersonwillusethem goingfromtheoutside in Forinstance theforkandknifeusedforthesaladareplacedintheoutermostofthesetting farthestfromyourplate withtheexceptionofthespoon Dessertsilverware ifnotbroughtoutwiththedessert areplacedatthetopofyourentr eplate Glassware cupandsaucerareplacedtoyourright whilethenapkin breadplateandbutterspreadertoyourleft 餐具的使用 theuseofthetableware Rulesonflatware 扁平的餐具 指刀 叉 匙等 Startfromtheoutsideandworkyourwayintowardtheplatesasthemealprogresses Usually thebigforkisfortheentree thebigspoonforthesoup 餐具的使用根據上菜的順序由外向里使用 通常 最大的叉子是用來食用主菜的 最大的湯匙是用來喝湯的 bd 手勢 吃在你的左手邊 喝在你的右手邊 Eatbreadisonurleft drinkisonurright 擺餐具也照此守則Usetheknifebyyourrighthand andusetheforkbyyourlefthand Onceautensil 餐具 hasbeenused itnevergoesbackonthetable whenyouaretakingbreak restyourforkandknifeentirelyontheplate whenyouarefinished placethemdiagonally 對角地 ontheplate sidebyside withthehandles 手柄 at4o clock Theknifeblade 刀片 shouldfacethecenteroftheplate notpointouttowardanotherguest anancientsignofaggression 任何器具用過之后就要被撤下 不可再回到餐桌上 在用餐的過程中如要休息放下手中的刀叉時 刀叉應對角地 八字型 分別放在餐盤邊上 不可一半在餐盤上一半在餐桌上 而且刀刃要朝向餐盤的中央 不能朝外對著旁邊的客人 這在古代會被看作是一個挑釁的信號 每吃完一道菜后 刀叉要并攏放在盤中 等服務員撤走 TheorderofdishesinChina Themealusuallybeginswithasetofatleastfourcolddishes tobefollowedbythemaincoursesofhotmeatandvegetabledishes Soupthenwillbeservedtobefollowedbystaplefoodrangingfromrice noodlestodumplings Ifyouwishtohaveyourricetogowithotherdishes youshouldsaysoingoodtime formostoftheChinesechoosetohavethestaplefoodatlastorhavenoneofthematall TheorderofdishesintheWest Dinnerstartwithasmalldish whichisoftencalledanastarter Afterthestarteryouwillgetabowlofsoup Then fishcourse Thenextdishisthemaincourse itusuallyisabeefsteak Avegetablesaladwillbeserved Thenadeliciousdessertwillappearatthetable Atlastisacupofteaorcoffee starter soup Fishcourse Maincourse vegetable dessert coffee MannersintheWest 1 Whenleavingthetableduringthecourseofyourmeal putyournapkinonyourchair notthetable Noonewantstoseeyourstainednapkin Andatthecompletionofthemeal placeitontheleftofyourplate orifyourplatehasbeencleared inthecenter 2 Wheninasituationwhereyouhavetopassfoodorcondimentstoothersatthetable passittoyourright orcounterclockwise Neverdoa boardinghousereach acrossthetable 3 Whilecuttingmeat thecorrectwayistocutapieceandthenswitchyourforktoyourrighthandtopickitup Thismethodisconsideredthe American way Notswitchingyourforkandusingyourleftiscalledthe Continental way andisdonemostofteninEuropeancountries ThiswayisgainingacceptanceandIwouldn tbesurprisedifonedaysoonit sconsideredacceptableinfinedining Also cutmeatapieceatatime Cuttingtheentiremeatupintopiecesorcuttingmorethanoneatatimeistacky 4 Whenyou redonewithyourmeal theproperplacementofthesilverwareistolaythemparalleltoeachotherandacrosstheplatewiththehandlesfacingtheright Toclarify theendswouldbefacing10o clockandfour Note Notallwaiterswillknowthisandtheystillmayaskyouifit sokaytoclearyourplate Atleastyouappearclassy MannersinChina 1 SpittingOuttheBonesInChinaitisalsocommonpracticetospitthingsoutonthetableorthefloor Oftenfoodhassmallpiecesofboneorotherinediblepartsthatneedtoberemovedfromthemouth Usingchopsticks ahandoratissueisapolitewayaroundtheproblem 2 TouchingTablesThoughintheWestitissometimesconsideredrudetoputone selbowsonthediningtable thisisquiteacceptableinChina particularlywheneatingnoodles Youhowevermaywanttoavoidthisinsomerestaurantswherethetableisonlywipedwithanoldclothandtheremaybesomeunseenresiduefromthepreviouspatrons meals 3 DessertEatingsomethingsweetfordessertisnotaChinesecustom SweetthingscanbefoundhiddenamongeverythingelseonaChinesemenu FruitsaladsandcaramelcoveredappleareChinesesweetdishesthatarepopularwithWesterners 4 DrinkingBeerisverypopularinChina butitisallverysimilarwithnoneofthestrongerordarkervarietiesbrewedintheWest Theotherpopularalcoholicdrinkisricewine Beware thiscanbeverystrong InChina drinkingalcoholisstillmainlyamalecustom Maleguestsareroutinelyofferedalcoholand