直接引語變間接引語 DirectspeechandIndirectspeech 媽媽說 杰克是個好工人 Mothersaid Jackisagoodworker 媽媽說杰克是個好工人 MothersaidthatJackisagoodworker 直接引語 間接引語 Directspeech Indirectspeech 一 如何變?nèi)朔Q 口訣 一隨主 二隨賓 第三不變 一隨主 是指在直接引語變間接引語時 如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾 從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如 Shesaid Mybrotherwantstogoshoppingwithme Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogoshoppingwithher 二隨賓 是指直接引語變間接引語時 若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人你所修飾 從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致 如果引號外的主句沒有賓語 也可以用第一人稱 如 HesaidtoKate Howisyoursisternow HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen 第三人稱不更新 是指直接引語變間接引語時 如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如 Mr Smithsaid Jackisagoodboy Mr SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy 二 如何變時態(tài) 直接引語在改為間接引語時 時態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整 1 一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時態(tài) Shesaid Iamastudent Shesaid that shewasastudent 2 一般將來時 過去將來時Shesaid Hewillgotoseehisfriend Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend Tomsaid Iamgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow Tomsaidhewasgoingtoplaybasketballtomorrow 3 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 過去進(jìn)行時 Shesaid Iamreadingabook Shesaidshewasreadingabook 注意 以下幾種情況時態(tài)不變 直接引語是客觀真理 Theteachersaid Theearthmovesaroundthesun Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaroundthesunearth 直接引語中有具體的過去某年 某月 某日作狀語 變?yōu)殚g接引語時 時態(tài)不變 如 Jacksaid IwasbornonApril2l 1980 直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時 時態(tài)不變 Jacksaid IwasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseeme JacksaidhewasdoingchoreswhenTomcametoseehim JacksaidhewasbornonApril21 1980 直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時 表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作 變間接引語 時態(tài)不變 如 Hesaid Igetupatsixeverymorning 如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式不再變 例 could should would might Thedoctorsaid Youshouldstayinbedfor2days ThedoctorsaidIshouldstayinbedfor2days 和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時 例 oughtto hadbetter usedtoPetersaid Youhadbettercomeheretoday Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday 三 如何變狀語 直接引語變間接引語 狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律 時間狀語由 現(xiàn)在 改為 原來 例 now變?yōu)閠hen yesterday變?yōu)閠hedaybeforetoday變?yōu)閠hatdayHesaid Iwanttogoswimmingnow Hesaidhewantedtogoswimmingthen 地點狀語 尤其表示方向性的 here變thereTheteachersaid Youshouldcomehereat7 00 TheteachersaidIshouldgothereat7 00 指示代詞修飾的狀語 由 此 改為 彼 例 this改為thatHesaid Thisbooksismine Hesaidthatbookwashis ago before thismorning thatmorningYesterday thedaybefore tomorrow thenextdaynextweek thefollowingweek thenextweekYesterdaymorning themorningbefore 謂語動詞的變化 直接引語 Must Come bring 間接引語 hadto go take Shesaid Iwillcomeherethisevening Shesaidthatshewouldgotherethatevening 注意 如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述 here不必改為there 動詞come不必改為go 如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述 yesterday tomorrow等時間狀語也不必改變 四 如何變句型 直接引語如果是陳述句 間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 Shesaid Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes 直接引語如果是反意疑問句 選擇疑問句或一般疑問句 間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 Hesaid Canyouswim John HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike 直接引語如果是特殊問句 間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 賓語從句必須用陳述句語序 Sheaskedme Whendotheyhavetheirdinner Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner Sheaskedme WhatwasJackdoingwhenIcomein SheaskedmewhatJackwasdoingwhenshecamein 直接引語如果是祈使句 間接引語應(yīng)改為 Tell ask order beg等 sb not todosth 句型 如 1 Don tmakeanynoise theteachersaidtothestudents Shetold ordered thestudentsnottomakeanynoise 2 Openthedoor please saidshe Sheaskedhimtoopenthedoor 直接引語如果是以 Let s 開頭的祈使句 變?yōu)殚g接引語時 通常用 suggest 動句詞 或從句 如 Hesaid Let sgotothemovies Hesuggestedgoingtothemovies 或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethemovies Exercise 1 Inevereatmeat hesaid Hesaidthat never meat 2 I vefoundmywallet hesaidtome He methathe wallet 3 Itookithomewithme shesaid Shesaidthat ithomewithher 4 Theteachersaid Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest Theteachersaidthatthesun intheeastand downinthewest 5 Imetheryesterday hesaidtome He methathe mettheday 6 Youmustcomeherebeforefive hesaid HesaidthatI togo beforefive 7 Iboughtthehouse10yearsago hesaid Hesaidthathe boughtthehouse10years he ate told had Found his she had taken rises goes told had before had before had there 8 Didyouseeherlastweek hesaid He Ihadseenhertheweek 9 Hesaid Youcansithere Jim He Jimthathe sitthere10 Heasked Howdidyoufindit mother Heaskedhermother foundit 11 Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays heasked Heaskedme been days 12 Doyouknowwhereshelives heasked Heasked knewwhereshe 13 Stopmakingsomuchnoise children hesaid He thechildren makingsomuchnoise 14 Don ttellhimthenews shesaid Shetoldme himthenews 15 Areyouintestedinthis hesaid He Iwasinterestdin if asked told before she could where how had i had those lived i if stop to told to not asked tell if that 1 Whereisshefrom Heaskedwhereshewasfrom 2 Ho