,Unit 5,First aid,PART 1,語法導學,PART 2,達標檢測,Period Four GrammarEllipsis,PART 1,語法導學,感悟規律 重點難點剖析,感知以下課文原句，補全方框下的小題,語法感知,1.句1和句4為簡單句中的省略，句1中在first和second后省略了 ；句4中在becoming前省略了 。 2.句2,3和5為狀語從句的省略。當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致，或當狀語從句的主語為it，而且從句謂語中含有be動詞時，可以把從句的 和_ 一起省略。,查看答案,degree,from,主語,動詞,be,一、什么是省略 1.省略是一種避免重復、保持簡潔的語法手段。 2.凡是缺少一個或一個以上的必要語言成分，但在一定語境中能夠獨立存在，意義明確，并且能發揮交際功能的句子就是省略句。 二、省略的分類 (一)簡單句中的省略 1.省略主語：一般情況下，主語是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧義的情況下，特別是在口語中，常常省略主語，主要是祈使句中的you和疑問句中的主語。,語法精析,(You) Shut up! 住嘴！ (It) Doesnt matter. 沒關系。 2.省略賓語：當上、下或前、后兩個句子的賓語一致時，下句或后句常省略賓語。 Do you know Miss Gao? I dont know (her). 你認識高女士嗎？ 不認識。,3.省略主語和謂語(或謂語的一部分)：在某些具體的場合下，主語和謂語都很明確，此時為了簡化或顯得親切等，可將主語和謂語(或謂語的一部分)同時省略，只剩下表語、賓語、狀語或其他成分。 (You come) This way，please. 請這邊走。(省略了主語和謂語) (Have you) Got any ink? 你有墨水嗎？(省略了主語和謂語的一部分),(二)并列句中的省略 一般來說，在后一并列句中凡是與上文相同的成分通常都要省略。 My room is on the fifth floor，and hers (is) on the eighth (floor). 我的房間在五樓，而她的在八樓。 (三)復合句中的省略 1.狀語從句中的省略 當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致或從句的主語為it，且從句謂語中含有be 動詞時，省略狀語從句中的主語和be 動詞。,Although (he was) hard-working，he couldnt earn enough to support him-self. 盡管努力工作，他的收入還是不夠自己糊口。 The film is more interesting than (it was) expected. 這部電影比預想的有趣。 When (the grapes are) ripe，the grapes will be delicious. 葡萄成熟時會很好吃。,2.定語從句中的省略 當關系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語時，這個關系代詞可以省略。 Hes the man (whom/who/that) you can safely depend on.他是你能放心信賴的人。 There are many plays (that/which) Id like to see. 有很多我想看的戲劇。,3.賓語從句中的省略 在賓語從句中常省略連接詞that，但當有多個 that 引導的從句時，第一個 that 可以省略，而其他的 that 常不可省略。 I think (that) it will clear up this afternoon and that they will come to say goodbye to us. 我認為今天下午天會放晴，他們會來向我們告別的。,三、其他的省略情況 (一)動詞不定式的省略 1.當不定式在形容詞afraid，anxious，eager，glad，happy，ready，willing等后作狀語時，to后的內容常省略。 You cant force him to answer the question if hes not ready to (answer the question). 如果他不愿意回答這個問題，你不能強迫他。,2.某些使役動詞，如：make，let，have等和感官動詞，如：see，watch，notice，observe，hear等后面作賓補的不定式須省略to，但若這些動詞用于被動語態，則to不能省略。 We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom./She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom.(被動語態) 我們經常聽見她在教室唱英文歌。,3.多個不定式并列時，從第二個不定式開始，可以省略不定式符號to。但若兩個不定式之間表示對比關系時，則不能省略to。 I told him to sit down and (to) wait for a moment. 我告訴他坐下等一會兒。 To go home or to stay at school during the weekend has not been decided. 周末回家還是待在學校還沒有決定。,4.當不定式在某些動詞后作賓語時，to后的內容常可省略。常見的動詞有agree，afford，expect，forget，hope，know，manage，pretend，remember，refuse，want，wish等。 I would do it for you，but I dont know how to (do it for you). 我愿意為你做這件事，但是我不知道怎么去做。 5.介詞but，except (除了) 前有實義動詞do的某種形式時，后面的不定式省略to。 All he could do was nothing but wait and see. 他所能做的只有等著瞧。,6.當不定式在be going to，be able to，have to，ought to，used to后作復合謂語時，不定式可省略，但要保留不定式符號to。 They didnt visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents). 他們應該多看望父母，但他們沒有。 名師點津 省略的不定式內容若含有作助動詞用的have或be的任何形式時，to后要保留原形的have或be。 類似這樣用法的還有動詞短語ought to，be going to，be about to，be supposed to，have to，used to及形容詞glad，happy，pleased，delighted等。,(二)使用so，not等時的省略 在英語中，可以用so，not或其他方式來省略上文或問句中的一部分或整個句子。 Can you finish your work today? 你今天能完成工作嗎？ I think so./I dont think so./I think not. 我認為能。/我認為不能。,把下列各句中的畫線部分補充完整 1.As scheduled，we took part in several instructive activities.(2016天津) _ 2.Video games can be a poor influence if left in the wrong hands.(2015湖南) _ 3.It is so cold that you cant go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.(2015江蘇) _,高考鏈接,查看答案,As it was scheduled,if they are left,unless you are fully covered,4.It might have saved me some trouble had I known the schedule.(2015江蘇) _ 5.Children，when accompanied by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.(2014湖南) _,查看答案,if I had known,when they are accompanied,PART 2,達標檢測,當堂檢測 基礎達標演練,1.Although (order) to stop，the driver kept on driving as fast as he could. 2.He succeeded in solving all the problems as (expect). 3.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier，not (make) it more difficult. 4.He had a wonderful childhood when (travel) with his mother to all corners of the world.,.單句語法填空,查看答案,ordered,expected,to make,travelling,5.When (offer) an important role in a new movie，Andy got a chance to become famous. 6.Though (tire)，they went on working in order to finish the task on time. 7.Some diseases are not at all dangerous if (treat) in time. 8. (be) I a teacher，I would be strict with my students. 9.Once (see)，it can never be forgotten. 10.What I want to do is (have) a good rest.,查看答案,offered,tired,treated,Were,seen,have,11.The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful. The burn was red and . 12.Just take a short break if you are tired. Just take a short break . 13.Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students havent done a first aid course. Only some of the students have done a first aid course but .,.將下列句子改寫成省略句,查看答案,she got from the iron,very painful,if tired,most havent,